PřF:GE091 Mineralogy and Geochemistry - Course Information
GE091 Mineralogy and Geochemistry for Chemists
Faculty of ScienceAutumn 2010
- Extent and Intensity
- 2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: graded credit.
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Losos, CSc. (lecturer)
- Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Rostislav Melichar, Dr.
Department of Geological Sciences – Earth Sciences Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: doc. Mgr. Martin Ivanov, Dr. - Timetable
- Mon 11:00–12:50 Bp1,01007
- Prerequisites (in Czech)
- Předmět je určen především pro posluchače odborné chemie. Předpokladem jsou znalosti chemie, fyziky a mineralogie v rozsahu středoškolské látky.
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
The capacity limit for the course is 37 student(s).
Current registration and enrolment status: enrolled: 0/37, only registered: 0/37, only registered with preference (fields directly associated with the programme): 0/37 - fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- Analytical Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Analytical Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Inorganic Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Inorganic Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Biochemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Biochemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Physical Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Physical Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Chemistry (programme PřF, B-CH)
- Environmental Chemistry (programme PřF, B-CH)
- Environmental Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Environmental Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Macromolecular Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Macromolecular Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Organic Chemistry (programme PřF, M-CH)
- Organic Chemistry (programme PřF, N-CH)
- Course objectives
- Main objectives can be summarized as follows:
- to understand the basic problems in mineralogy and their parts ( Introduction to mineralogy and geochemistry, Morphological and structural crystallography, Chemical and physical mineralogy and Descriptive mineralogy).
- descriptive mineralogy is foccused on crystallochemical classification of minerals, structure, chemical composition and properties of main minerals according to syllabus
- to understand main geochemical processes in Earth-s crust (magmatic, metamorphic and weathering)
- to recognize antropogenic influence on chemical development on the surface of Earth-s crust - Syllabus
- Introduction to mineralogy and geochemistry. History of the mineralogy and geochemistry, literature. Mineralogy and geochemistry in Earth-s sciences. Crystal. Elements of crystal morphology (faces,crystal forms). Crystallographic coordinate systems. Indexing of crystal faces (according to Miller, Weiss). Measurement of the angles of crystals, goniometers. Crystallographic principles. Elements of morphological symmetry of crystals, symmetry operations, the 32 point groups. Crystal classes (crystal axis systems, crystal forms). Crystal form and habitus, crystalline aggregates. Twinning, pseudosymetrie, pseudomorphie. Crystal and properties of its growth. Nucleation. Defects of growth mechanismus. Compositional zoning. Effects of temperature and pressure on crystal growth. Lattice symmetries, unit cells, symmetry operations of lattices. The 14 types of Bravais cells, the 230 space groups. X-ray crystallography (diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, powder difractometers, identification of powder patterns, refinement of lattice parameters). Chemical mineralogy - The model of the atom, ions, chemical bondings, the ionic structures and properties of ionic crystals. The covalent model, the mettalic bond model and their properties, the molecular structures. Crystal chemistry of minerals. Calculation of chemical formulas from the mineral analysis. Physical mineralogy (color and streak, luster and transparency, cleavage, fracture, tenacity, density, hardness, magnetism, fluorescence and radioactivity). Properties depending upon light. The behavior of light in minerals. Refractive index. Relationships between optical properties and symmetry. Isotropic minerals. Optical properties of uniaxial minerals. Optical properties of biaxial minerals. Introduction to descriptive mineralogy (crystallochemical classification of minerals, mineralogical nomenclature, mineral, variety) The native elements (Au, Ag, Cu, Pt, Fe, As, Sb, diamond, graphite, S) Sulfides: tetrahedral (sphalerite, chalcopyrite), octahedral (galena, pyrrhotite, niccolite), with unusual coordination (molybdenite, cinnabar, argentite), complex sulphides (pyrite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, stibnite, tetraedrite, proustite, pyrargyrite, realgar, orpigment) The halide minerals (halite, sylvite, carnallite, fluorite, cryolite) Oxides and hydroxides: tetrahedral ( the SiO2 minerals, periclase), oktahedral (hematite, corundum, ilmenite, rutile, cassiterite, mixed tetrahedral and octahedral (magnetite, spinel, chromite), cubic (uraninite). Goethite, lepidocrokite, diaspore, boehmite, limonite, bauxite. The sulfate minerals: anhydrous (anhydrite, barite), hydrous (gypsum, chalcanthite, melanterite, epsomite, alunite) Carbonates: calcite structure type (calcite, magnesite, siderite), dolomite structure type (dolomite, ankerite), aragonite structure type (aragonite, cerussite), other structures (malachite, azurite) Nitrates (nitratite, niter) Chromates and molybdates: scheelite, wolframite Phosphates, arsenates, vanadates: xenotime, monazite, apatite, pyromorphite, The silicate minerals: network silicates(feldspars, feldspatoides, beryl), layer silicates (talc, muscovite, kaolinite), chain silicates (pyroxenes and amphiboles), ring silicates (turmalines), single tetrahedral structures (olivine group, garnet group, titanite, topaz, zircon) Introduction to geochemistry Geochemical processes in Earth-s crust (magmatic, metamorphic and weathering) Antropogenic influence on chemical development of Earth-s crust
- Literature
- CHVÁTAL, Marek. Mineralogie pro 1. ročník : krystalografie. 1. vyd. Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, nakladatelství Karolinum, 2002, 169 s. ISBN 8071849987. info
- Geochemie. Edited by Vladimír Bouška. Praha: Academia, 1980, 555 s. URL info
- SLAVÍK, František, Jiří NOVÁK and Jaroslav KOKTA. Mineralogie. 5. přeprac. a dopl. vyd. Praha: Academia, 1974, 486 s. info
- BOUŠKA, Vladimír and Pavel KAŠPAR. Speciální optické metody : studium minerálů v procházejícím světle. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 1983, 198 s. info
- Teaching methods
- lectures
- Assessment methods
- Lectures. Final written test.
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Follow-Up Courses
- Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
- Study Materials
The course is taught annually. - Teacher's information
- http://www.sci.muni.cz/mineralogie/
- Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2010, recent)
- Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2010/GE091