Bi1700 Cell Biology

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2024
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s) (plus extra credits for completion). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
In-person direct teaching
Teacher(s)
prof. RNDr. Renata Veselská, Ph.D., M.Sc. (lecturer)
RNDr. Petr Chlapek, DiS., Ph.D. (alternate examiner)
doc. RNDr. Jakub Neradil, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Renata Veselská, Ph.D., M.Sc.
Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Renata Veselská, Ph.D., M.Sc.
Supplier department: Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Timetable
Mon 11:00–12:50 B11/132
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
there are 32 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
Course objectives
At the end of the course, students should be able to understand basic processes of life on cellular level, they should be also able to explain their mechanisms and they should know structural components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The acquired knowledge represents the basics necessary for more specialized courses of experimental biology.
Learning outcomes
Students copmletenig this course are able to understand the structure and functioning of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. and basic principles of its functioning. Specifically they know defferences between prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell, basic chemical components of the cell and their organization into functional complexes, principles of maintaing and expression of genetics information, internal 3D organization of the cell and the ways of communication among the compartments, cell interactions, the course and control of cell cycle, mechanisms of cell division and cell signalling, behavior of cells under pathological conditions, types and mechanisms of cell death, evolution of cells.
Syllabus
  • 1) CELLULAR AND NON-CELLULAR LIFE FORMS (history and technical limits of cell analysis by microscope; light and electron microscopy; organization of cellular and non-cellular living systems; non-cellular life forms; cellular life forms - prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell types, their basic characteristics; principles of functional organization of a cell)
  • 2) CHEMISTRY OF A CELL (atoms - molecules - macromolecules; chemical elements in living systems; atomic bonds in molecules; polar and nonpolar molecules; significance of water for chemistry of a cell; main types of organic molecules; saccharides, fatty acids, aminoacids, nucleotides; formation of polymers from monomers in essential cell polymers - nucleic acids and proteins).
  • 3) STORAGE AND EXPRESSION OF GENETIC INFORMATION (definitions of a gene and genetic information; main functions of genetic material; chemistry of genetic material; structure of DNA and RNA; replication of DNA;, principles of gene expression; prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription; modification of primary transcript; RNA splicing; translation and genetic code)
  • 4) BIOMEMBRANES AND INTERNAL CELL ORGANIZATION (structure and function of biomembranes; transport function of biomembranes; plasmatic membrane; osmotic phenomena; biomembranes of prokaryotic cells; compartmentalization of eukaryotic cells; organelles of eukaryotic cells - composition and functions; membrane fusion; principles of vesicular transport; endocytosis and exocytosis)
  • 5) CYTOSKELETON (components and basic functions; methods of cytoskeleton visualization; microtubules; actin filaments; intermediate filaments; nuclear and cortical skeleton; cytoskeleton in prokaryotes)
  • 6) INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT (cell compartmentalization; protein folding and chaperons/chaperonins; protein sorting; protein import to membrane organelles; transport of molecules into cell nucleus; secretion and endocytic pathways; transport vesicles; the role of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus in the intracellular transport)
  • 7) CELL CYCLE (phases and kinetics of the cell cycle; the role of yeasts in the cell cycle research; methodical approaches to cell cycle analyses; molecular principles of cell cycling; cell cycle regulators; types of cyclins; cell cycle checkpoints; p53 and Rb proteins in cell cycle regulation)
  • 8) CELL DIVISION (types of cell division; binary division in prokaryotes; changes of chromatin during eukaryotic cell division; composition of eukaryotic chromosomes; mitosis and meiosis; roles and phases of mitosis and meiosis; cytokinesis in plant and animal cells)
  • 9) CELL COMMUNICATION (principles of cell signaling; types of signal molecules; the role of chemical properties of signals; types of receptors; endocrine and paracrine signaling; synapses; transfer of extracellular signals to intracellular secondary messengers; G proteins; MAPK signaling pathway; cytokine signaling; SH2 domain; effectors of signaling pathways)
  • 10) EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX AND CELL INTERACTIONS (cell wall of prokaryotic cells; cell wall of plant and fungi cells; glykokalyx and ECM in animals; cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions; types of cell-cell interactions - cell adhesions and cell junctions)
  • 11) CELL PATHOLOGY (physiological and pathological life conditions; cell response to stress; types of stress factors; physical, chemical and biological stress factors; types of cell death; catastrophic and physiological cell death; necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy - induction, characteristics)
  • 12) CELL EVOLUTION (hypotheses on the origin of organic compounds and biopolymers; Miller experiment; ribozymes and RNA world; primitive proteosynthesis; encapsulation; origin of first cells; evolutionary relations among cells; origin and development of eukaryotic cell; endosymbiotic theory)
Literature
    recommended literature
  • ALBERTS, Bruce. Základy buněčné biologie : úvod do molekulární biologie buňky. Translated by Arnošt Kotyk. 2. vyd. Ústí nad Labem: Espero Publishing, 2004, xxvi, 630. ISBN 8090290620. info
  • SNUSTAD, D. Peter and Michael J. SIMMONS. Genetika. Translated by Jiřina Relichová. Druhé, aktualizované vydá. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 2017, xix, 844. ISBN 9788021086135. info
Teaching methods
Lectures with onsite discussion. All lectures will be streamed and their records will be available in the IS MU (for more information, please, see the interactive syllabus of this course).
Assessment methods
Written form of the exam.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses

Zobrazit další předměty

The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, Autumn 2012, Autumn 2013, Autumn 2014, Autumn 2015, Autumn 2016, autumn 2017, Autumn 2018, Autumn 2019, Autumn 2020, autumn 2021, Autumn 2022, Autumn 2023.
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