G6081 Geochemistry II

Faculty of Science
Spring 2009
Extent and Intensity
3/1. 6 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. Ing. Jiří Faimon, Dr. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Rostislav Melichar, Dr.
Department of Geological Sciences – Earth Sciences Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: doc. Mgr. Martin Ivanov, Dr.
Timetable
Mon 8:00–9:50 Bp1,01007, Tue 14:00–15:50 Bp1,01007
Prerequisites
! G6080 Geochemistry II &&( G5080 Geochemistry I || G5081k Geochemistry I || G5081 Geochemistry I )
Passing Geochemistry I
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
The capacity limit for the course is 40 student(s).
Current registration and enrolment status: enrolled: 0/40, only registered: 0/40, only registered with preference (fields directly associated with the programme): 0/40
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Main objectives are basic informations on practical applications of geochemistry focused on:
(1) prospection methods
- lithogeochemical prospection
- soil metallometry
- hydrogeochemical prospection
- stream sediment surcey
- atmogeochemical survey
- biogeochemical and geobotanical survey.
(2) methods of environment quality monitoring and remediation
(3) data handling and result presentation
Syllabus
  • Introduction to applied geochemistry: History and development of applied geochemistry, relations to other geological and applied sciences. Survey for ore- and non-ore raw materials. Prospecting strategy, prospecting methods. Preliminary, regional, detailed, verification survey. Financial costs.
  • Applied geochemistry and the environment: Elementary and geochemical landscape, anthropogenic impacts on the landscape morphology, on vegetation and hydrological regime. Pollution of the environment (by industry, mining and ore-dressing, landscaping and building, agriculture), toxicity and migration of hazardous elements. Optimum aspects of the environment.
  • Geochemical fields: Clark values, geochemical background (local and regional background), geochemical field of dispersion, geochemical field of concentration, anomaly, anomaly threshold. Negative and positive element associations, element and mineral assemblages, indication elements, geochemical contrast, deposit and its morphology, relation of the deposit and surface anomaly.
  • Geochemical anomaly: Geochemical aureole (negative, positive, endogenous, exogenous).
  • Primary aureoles: endogenous deposits (magmatic and postmagmatic differentiation), metamorphic mineralization, magmatogenic deposits, pegmatites, skarns, greisens, vein deposits, stratiform and porphyry ore deposits}. Dimensions of primary aureoles, zoning, linear productivity, coefficient of contrast, coefficient of concentration, zonality index, zoning rulesi, variability index.
  • Secondary aureoles: weathering (mechanical, chemical), resistance to weathering, zoning of weathering crusts. Migration of elements: mechanical (gravitational, with liquids, aeolian, glacigenic), physico-chemical, biogenic.
  • Geochemical barriers: physico-chemical (oxidation-reduction, pH, sorption, biological), biogenic, mechanical (sedimentation, velocity of stream, wind, glacier creep) Types of secondary aureoles: shape, symmetry, residual aureoles, aureole drift, aureoles influenced by water movement, by biota. Linear productivity of an aureole, expected resources, proportionality coefficient. Contamination, false anomaly.
  • Lithogeochemical survey: Sampling (chip-, hack-sampling, chessboard chipping, cart samples), dry heavy mineral concentrates, rational analysis, quarting, interpretation (binary and ternary diagrams, maps, sections). Heavy mineral survey: Mechanical aureoles of heavy minerals, enrichment, migration properties, transport distance. Heavy mineral concentrate sampling (panning), laboratory treatment (mineralogical and chemical analysis), identification of heavy minerals, results presentation (heavy mineral maps), construction of source area boundaries, localisation of ore bodies.
  • Atmogeochemical survey: Static gas aureoles: gas-fluid inclusions, stable isotopes, input aureoles (sources of vapour and gas), gas collectors, aerosols, sampling methods (emanometry, mercurometry, helium anomalies, carbon dioxide, sulphane, methane, halogens), concentration maps, interpretation of atmogeochemical anomalies.
  • Soil metallometry: Soil horizons, sampling sites network, methods of sampling and sampling documentation (manual sampling, light drilling set, portable drilling set), laboratory treatment, results presentation (mono- and multielemental maps, block diagrams), interpretation of anomalies.
  • Hydrogeochemical survey: Survey of groundwaters, springs, surface waters, precipitates. Indication elements, hydrogeological maps. Water sampling, analytical treatment, interpretation of anomalies, anthropogenic contamination.
  • Stream sediment survey: Clastic aureoles, hydromorphic aureoles (precipitates, clay minerals, organic matter, adsorbed elements, pore fluids), anthropogenic contamination. Sampling (sample lag, sampling site choice, sample volume). Laboratory treatment. (sieving, spectral analysis), interpretation of results (mono- and multielemental maps, isoline maps), determination of anomaly source, revision of anomalies.
  • Biogeochemical and geobotanical survey: Physiological barrier, distribution of trace elements, indication elements in fauna and flora, sampling, documentation, laboratory handling, interpretation of data (isoline maps). Geozoological methods, mykogeochemistry. Treatment of samples: - field phase: sampling, documentation of samples - laboratory phase: selection of analytical methods, sample preparation, homogenisation, laboratory and field physical methods - evaluation phase: metrology - detection limits, sensitivity, accuracy, righteousness, reproducibility, errors - random, systematic.
  • Data treatment: Univariate statistical methods, histograms, distribution functions, geostatistics (spatial variable, experimental semivariogram, kriging).
  • Applied geochemistry and environment: Element and geochemical field, anthropogenic impact into field morphology, vegetation cover, and hydrological system. Environmental contamination by industry, mining, urbanism, traffic, and agriculture. Technical genesis, toxicity, and migration of pollutants. Optimal aspects of environment.
Literature
  • JELÍNEK, Emil and Jiří JANATKA. Metody geochemické prospekce. Edited by Miloš René. Vyd. 1. Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství, 1988, 148 s. info
  • FORGÁČ, Jozef. Geochemické metódy vyhl'adávania rudných ložísk. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Universita Komenského, 1987, 227 s. info
  • MRŇA, František. Užitá geochemie. Vyd. 1. Praha: Academia, 1991, 418 s. ISBN 8020003576. info
  • Barnet I. - Ďuriš M. - Mrňa F. (1986): Geochemická prospekce řečištních sedimentů v Českém masívu. Academia, Praha.
  • Machek P. - Klika Z. - Kolomazník I. (1990): Cvičení z užité geochemie. VŠB, Ostrava.
  • MAŇOUR, Jiří. Šlichová prospekce. Vyd. 1. Praha: Ústřední ústav geologický, 1987, 84 s. URL info
  • Veselý J. (1989) Vysvětlivky k mapám geochemie povrchových vod. ÚÚG, Praha.
  • MRŇA, František and František SEIFERT. Geochemická prospekce v pouštních oblastech. 1. vyd. Praha: Ústřední ústav geologický, 1988, 117 s. info
  • ČURLÍK, Ján. Geochémia geologických procesov : hypergénne procesy. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1988, 230 s. info
  • Davis J.C. (2002) Statistics and data analysis in Geology. Willey & Sons
  • ECKSCHLAGER, Karel, Ivan HORSÁK and Zdeněk KODEJŠ. Vyhodnocování analytických výsledků a metod. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1980, 223 s. URL info
  • Sattran V. - Soukup B. (1973) Použití matematických metod v geologii. ÚÚG, Praha.
Assessment methods
Lectures, class discussion, homeworks, reading
2 written tests, final test
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
Study Materials
The course is taught once in two years.
Information on the per-term frequency of the course: Výuka proběhne v jarním semestru akademického roku 2008/2009.
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2008 - for the purpose of the accreditation, Spring 2011 - only for the accreditation, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2011, spring 2012 - acreditation, Spring 2013.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2009, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/spring2009/G6081