Imunoglobulins – structure and function
Production of immunoglobulins
Genetic determination of immunoglobulin production
Clonal selection theory

Antigen and epitope
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Lidský Ig
Molecule of IgG


Hypervaribale region of immunoglobulin molecule binds epitope of the antigen
vazebná část protilátky


Hypervariabilní oblasti
Variable region of immunoglobulin molecule








Isotypový switch
Isotype switching


clonal_selection
Clonal selection theory


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Activation and differentiation of B-lymphocytes

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Isotype
•The class or subclass  of an immunoglobulin.
•Antigenic determinats are on constant part of immunoglobulin molecule.

Idiotype
•An antigenic determinant on the variable region of a specific antibody.


Interaction Idiotype-antiidiotype
Idiotypy
Shoenfeld Y: Nature Medicine  10, 17 - 18 (2004)

www.immunology.klimov.tom.ru/1-1.php.



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IgG





Primary and secondary immune  response
fig1_18
gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch001c.htm

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IgM on B-cell membrane


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Expression of surface immunoglobulins on B-cells


Dimerické IgA



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Formation of Secretory IgA

•Affinity: The strength of the binding between a single site of an antibody (one variable region)
and an epitope. •Avidity:  The overall strength of interaction between  and antibody and antigen.
The avidity  depends on affinity and  the valency of interactions.

Antibody affinity
http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mayer/rx-2.jpg


Afinita
Antibody affinity


Avidita protilátek
Antibody Avidity


Biological functions of immunoglobulin molecules
•Activation of complement system (IgG, IgM)
•Opsonization (particularly IgG)
•Neutralization of antigens (IgG, IgA, IgM)
•Adherence interference (IgA, IgG)
•Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)
•Agglutation, precipitation (IgG, IgM)
•Mast cells degranulation (IgE)
•Transport through placenta (IgG)
•Imunoregulation (mainly IgG)
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Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)
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http://student.ccbcmd.edu/courses/bio141/lecguide/unit5/humoral/5classes/u3fg33a.html
ADCC