MEMBRANE, BODY ORGANISATION, COMPARTMENTS



IONIC CHANNELS

GATING:

·      Voltage-gated channels

·      Ligand-gated channels

·      Mechanically-gated channels

Spontaneously inactivated channels – refracterity of the membrane.


NERVE, MUSCLE

EQUILIBRIUM POTENTIAL

Calculated according to Nernst equation. Difference between equilibrium potential for certain ion
and actual membrane potential represents the driving force for this ion.


ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENT – concentration gradient and electrical gradient.

Action potential is a unit of information. Coding of information (using action potentials) is by
frequency changes, NOT by amplitude (it is triggered according the law “All or nothing”). It is
spread without decrement.