National awakening and the long 19th century in Central Europe
Richard Turcsanyi


Revision: questions
•What are the reasons for belated development of Central Europe before 19th century? •What was the
high historical point of national histories? •What were the biggest historical tragedies for CE
nations?

Historic memory
•PL: Lech, Mieszko I., Boleslaw I., Casimir III., Jadwiga, Wladislaw I. Jagiello, Czarniecki,
Dabrowski, Bonaparte, Constitution of 1791,
•CZ: Grandfather Czech, C+M, Saint Wenceslaus, Premysl Ottokar, Saint Agnes of Bohemia, Charles
IV., Jan Hus, Jan Amos Comenius
•HU: Turul, Hun, Arpad, Stephen I., Mongols, Charles Robert, Matthias Corvinus, Turks, Gabor
Bethlen, Francis II. Rakoczy,
•SK: Pribina, Svatopluk, C+M

Nation and nationalism
•Nation: modern inventions vs. ancient group?
•Enlightenment (France v. UK v. Poland v. Austria v. Russia)
•French revolution
•Romanticism (Herder)
•Imagined community (Anderson)
•Economic and political development
•
•Def: a group of people sharing language, culture, history, religion, ethnicity etc – different to
other groups
•
•-- Central Europe v. Western Europe (v Asia?)

History of the long 19th century
•1772 – 1795: Partition of Poland
•1815: Congress of Vienna
•1848: Spring of nations
•1867: Austro-Hungarian compromise
•1871: German “Second” Reich
•1914-1918: WWI
•
•Three periods of national revivals
–Intellectuall movement
–Higher middle classes
–Mass movements
•
•

National awakening
•PL: Dabrowski, Kosciuszko, Mickiewicz, Pilsiudski
•CZ: Frantisek Palacky, T. G. Masaryk
•HU: Lajos Kossuth, Istvan Szechenyi
•SK: Jan Kollar, Ludovit Stur
•
•Levels of national development:
–1. Poland and Hungary
–2. Czech Republic
–3. Slovakia
•

•
C:\Users\ricky\Desktop\MapEurope1900.png


•
C:\Users\ricky\Desktop\Austria_Hungary_ethnic.svg.png


•
C:\Users\ricky\Desktop\partitions.gif


•
C:\Users\ricky\Desktop\europe_1919.jpg


•
C:\Users\ricky\Desktop\Magyarorszag_1920.png