Materiál na 19.3.08 ♫♫ p. 120/1c Complete the sentences with the appropriate translations of the following words or phrases, or with the appropriate forms of the verbs given. Add suitable prepositions where necessary: 1. prosazovat úmyslnou politiku; muset In GB the Conservative Party ………………………………………… making labour markets much more flexible. In this situation companies are less worried about costs of …………………… make employees redundant. 2. (to) make; (to) match; (to) experience; (to) fulfil; (to) get stuck; (to) encourage This ……………………… inward investment, especially from the Japanese who knew that they were not going to ……………………… very high labour costs if the demand for their product ……………………… . In other words, it …………………… it easier for a company management to keep their labour force exactly …………………… the levels of demand they …………………………………… . 3. veřejná politika/veřejný zájem On the other hand, this had a number of drawbacks in terms of ………………………………… . ♫♫ p. 120/1d Complete the sentences with the appropriate translations of the following words or phrases and add suitable prepositions where necessary or where indicated: 1. rychle se přizpůsobit The employment ………………………………………… a particular stage of the business cycle. 2. růst (v) nerovnosti; mezera; mít tendenci se rozšiřovat In both GB and the USA there has been a tremendous ………………………… (i.e. there is an enormous ………… between the top 10% of earners and the bottom 10% of earners which ………………………………………). 3. blízko optimálnímu výkonu/výstupu; prep; přechodný; zachovat si své místo; sociální nepokoj; do menší míry Underclass workers are brought in when the economy is very ……………………………, they are brought in ………… relatively low wages levels and they go out very quickly. Therefore, their sort of hold in society is much more ……………… . It´s difficult for these people to ………………………… in society. Among this group there is a great risk that ………………………… can develop. Evidence of this has been seen in GB and ……………………………… in the USA. ♫♫ p. 121/1e Complete the extract with the appropriate forms of the following verbs: reassess; make; take; be; meet A very obvious measure that the government can …………… is to offer the unemployed a good level of training …………………… them a bit more attractive to employers. Governments can also offer employers who take on long-term unemployed reductions in social security benefits, the extra costs that employers have to …………… in terms of social security contributions. One of the benefits of this is that it may help employers ………………… their attitude towards people who …………………… out of work for a long time. TASK Read this short article about business ethics In most of the lines, there is one extra word that does not fit. Some of the lines, however, are correct. If the line is correct, put a tick in the space next to that line. If there is an extra word in the line, write that word in the space. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Child labour and oil spills grabbed the headlines when corporate | 1| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |responsibility first came to prominence in the mid-1990s. Now I think | 2| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |the time has come out for tax avoidance to be put on the agenda. It all | 3| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |comes down for to paying what you owe, where you owe. In many | 4| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |cases, multinationals are simply not paying taxes even though they pay the | 5| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |lip service to transparency. Let’s face at it, that gives them an unfair | 6| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |advantage over national companies. I think it is crystal clear that the | 7| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |use of tax havens is irresponsible, even if that is entirely legal. The bottom | 8| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |line is there this is not an argument about legality; it is an argument about | 9| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |responsibility. I put this view to the CEO of Harper Chemicals. He said | 10| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |“I must say you there is no black-and-white answer. I don’t think you | 11| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |can not necessarily write down precisely what is morally right and wrong. | 12| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |Our general policy is that we want to respect the laws of countries in which | 13| | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+-----| |we operate.” | | | +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ T r a n s l a t e: Reading p. 125/1b +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |zakládat penzijní fondy | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |vlastnictví akcie zaměstnancem | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |program životního pojištění | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |fondy podpory v nezaměstnanosti | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |přinést okamžité výhody v hotovosti | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |vtělené/včleněné jak v právu, tak v etických zvyklostech | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |být v nejlepším zájmu firmy | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |úmyslně najímat dlouhodobě nezaměstnané pracovníky trpící rasovou diskriminací| | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |firma řízená ku prospěchu všech stakeholderů | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |přemístit výrobu jinam | | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------| |zastánci tohoto přístupu | | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ T r a n s l a t e: Crime 1. Byl zproštěn všech obvinění. 2. Byla shledána vinnou ze zpronevěry. 3. Záležitost je nyní předmětem vyšetřování. 4. Ve všech obviněních přiznal svoji vinu. 5. Oba popřeli obvinění z korupce. U21 BUSINESS ETHICS TASK Word combinations with “social“: +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | |_ _ _ s c _ _ _ _ _| when companies believe that doing business involves moral and | | | | ethical issues | | |--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------| | | _ s _ _ _ _ | areas of concern, such as unemployment, poverty, etc. | | |--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------| | | _ u _ _ _ _ _ | the idea that people should be treated fairly and equitably | | |--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------| | | responsibility | (to be concerned, consequences, community) | | | | | | | | | |social| | | | | | | | |--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------| | | _ _ l _ _ _ _ | payments for people who are unemployed, ill, etc. | | |--------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------| | |_ _ _ _ - _ e _ _ _ | when work conditions are good and people are happy | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ TASK Complete the following gaps with these expressions: labour abuse; health and safety record; working conditions; labour exploitation; sweatshop labour; child labour; labour standards I know that one of our competitors exploits poorly-paid people working in very hot and crowded run-down buildings. They use 1. __________________ . They don´t pay attention to keeping the factory clean or well-ventilated and clearly don´t care about their employees´ 2. __________________ . I know for a fact that some of their workers are under 14 years old. They use 3. _____________________ . There is a very high number of accidents at their factory. They have a terrible 4. ____________________ . All these problems mean that overall the employers have depressing 5. ________________ . This sort of behaviour is the worst type of 6. ____________________ . (2 possible expressions)