Lesson 7 – Managing Group and Teamwork

   

   

   Group = two or more people with unifying relationship. BUT not all groups are teams!

   

   Team =   group of 2 or more people who interact and influence each other, are mutually
   accountable for achieving common objective and perceive themselves as a social entity.

   o   purposefulness = common objective / goal

   o   mutual accountability of members = interdependence

   o   self perception = “US” vs. “THEM”

   

   

   Team design features

     o tasks

   §  clear

   §  easy to implement

   §  interdependent

     o size – number of members
     o composition – motivation

   §  motivation

   §  competencies                          TH team diversity (homogenous vs. heterogeneous
   teams)

   Team development

   

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|              |FORMING   |= the process of socialization                                          |
|              |----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|    Group     |STORMING  |=  members compete for leadership an other roles in the teams           |
|              |          |                                                                        |
|              |          |=  establishing norms of appropriate behavior and performance standards |
|--------------+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|              |NORMING   |=  developing team cohesion                                             |
|     Team     |          |                                                                        |
|              |          |=  developing common knowledge structure to regulate behavior of team   |
|              |          |members.                                                                |
|--------------+----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|Effective team|PERFORMING|=  higher task orientation as relationships are already developed.      |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   

   

   Textové pole: Goals of employee 1

   

   Textové pole: Goals of employee 1

   GAIN 2          
                   
                   

   

   

   Textové pole: Goals of the team

   LOSS          
                 
                 

   Textové pole: Goals of the team

   

   

   Textové pole: Goals of employee 2

   

   Textové pole: Goals of employee 2

   

   GAIN 1          
                   
                   

   

   Team Cohesiveness

   

   =    the degree of attraction that members feel toward their team and their motivation to
   remain members of the team.

   

   Employees feel cohesiveness when they believe, the team will help them achieve their personal
   goals, fulfill their need for affiliation or status, or provide social support during times of
   crises or trouble.

   

   Cohesiveness ensures that members of the team fulfill their obligations.

   

   Factors of team cohesiveness

   

   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |Factors of team cohesiveness         |       MORE COHESIVE        |      LESS COHESIVE      |
   |-------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------|
   |- member similarity                  |         homogenous         |      heterogeneous      |
   |-------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------|
   |- team size                          |           small            |          large          |
   |-------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------|
   |- member interaction                 |    interdependent tasks    |    independent tasks    |
   |-------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------|
   |- barriers to entry                  |       some barriers        |       no barriers       |
   |-------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------|
   |- team success                       |          success           |         failure         |
   |-------------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------|
   |- external competition and challenges|      high competition      |     low competition     |
   |                                     |     challenging tasks      |                         |
   |                                     |                            |       easy tasks        |
   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

   

   

   

   Consequences of team cohesiveness

   

   - team cohesiveness has considerable impact on its performance.

   

   

   

   

   

   

   Team Roles

   

   = set of behaviors a member is expected to perform because he/she holds certain position in a
   team.

   

   

   

   Team building

   

   = any formal intervention directed toward improving the development and functioning of a work
   team.

   

   Team building is an ongoing process.

   

   Types of team building

     o role definition
     o interpersonal process activities
     o goal setting
     o problem solving

   Assignment 7

   

   Reading for Lesson 7:

   ROBBINS, S. P. Management. 4^th ed. New Jersey : Prentice Hall, 1994. (ORG 126)

   ¨  Chapter 14, pp. 413 - 433

   ¨  Chapter 15, pp. 439 - 459

   

   

      Review questions for Lesson 7

    1. What implications does cognitive dissonance theory have for managers?
    2. How can managers use personality traits to improve employee selection?
    3. What can managers do to reduce employees’ perceptual distortion?
    4. What are implications of social learning theory for managing people at work?

   

    5. What is the relationship between a workgroup and the organization of which it is a part?
    6. What is the difference between formal and informal groups?
    7. What is the difference between a position within a group and a role within a group?
    8. How can managers build trust within a group?
    9. Why are teams more effective then other forms of organization of workers?