COMPREHENSIVE MATERIAL FOR ENGLISH - TERM 2
Intelligent Business
reduced version
tomankova@econ.muni.cz
TABLE OF CONTENTS
U8 - p. 2 U9 - p. 9 U10 - p. 16 Uli-p. 23 U12 - p. 30 U13 - p. 37 U14 - p. 44 U15 - p. 49
UNIT EIGHT- BRANDS
■     BRAND = // noun, verb
1   [C]
a type of product or group of products sold using a particular name, which is often the name of the company that produces them; the name that is given to the products:
People tend to go on buying the same brand of breakfast cereal. He helped to build two of the world's best-known brands: Nike and Starbucks.  The company has strong core brands. She was responsible for creating the company's 'Learn it Well' brand. Harley-Davidson is one of America's most successful consumer brands. BRAND IMAGE, BRAND NAME
a world-class/favourite/leading/major/principal/top brand big/core/famous/global/popular/strong/well-known brands to build/create/develop/establish a brand
2   [C, usually sing.]
a particular type or kind of sth:
the company's particular brand of project management a unique brand of humour
WHICH WORD?
brand/label/make
These words are used to refer to names of products.
A brand or label is a name that a company gives to its products, which can also be the name of the company itself.
Brand is used about all kinds of goods and services and especially in the context of marketing: What brand of toothpaste do you use? • brands like Nike and Starbucks • We invested heavily in promoting the brand.
Label is used especially about food, clothing and music. It is mainly used in fixed word combinations or as part of the names of products: Most supermarkets sell a range of own-label products. • Chris would only wear designer/luxury labels. • We decided to call it Red Label tonic water.
A product's make is the name of the company that makes it. The word is usually used about cars and electrical goods: What's the car's make and model? • a Swiss make of watch
■     REGISTERED TRADEMARK
1 (abbrTM)
a name, symbol or design that a company uses for its products and that cannot be used by anyone else:
French law protects your trademark and logo, a registered trademark the rights of trademark holders The company was sued for trademark infringement (= illegal use of another company's trademark). The company's trademark application was rejected. A trademark search revealed that the name was already registered.  See note at COPYRIGHT
trademark holders/owners trademark infringements/violations 2
a special way of behaving, dressing, etc. that is typical of sb and that makes them easily recognized:
He was wearing his trademark white suit.
trademark  verb [+obj]: trademarked designs/names _
COURSEBOOK, p. 69; READING
E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  What kind of image does the name Gucci evoke?
2.  How would you define Gucci Group's  position on the market?
3.   How does Gucci sell its brand of leather goods, shoes, clothes, ties, scarves and jewellery?
4.  Which product generates most money in revenue?
5.  Who and when started the company?
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6. How did he express his understanding of the importance of building a reputation for his brand?
7.  What happened after the founder of the company died?
8.  How was Audrey Hepburn related to the Gucci Empire in the 1950 's?
9.  How did Gucci benefit from his own popularity?
10.  Gucci's popularity and recognition further increased in the 1980 's. T/F
11.    In   what   way   did   decisions   about   product   distribution   affect   the   company's reputation?
12.  How was the company perceived during this period of disagreement?
13.  How did the company get out of this crisis?
14.  The Gucci brand recognition and visibility recovered but was never restored to the original level. T/F
15.  Which two men stood behind this recovery? What exactly did they do?
16.  What do these two men have in common?
17.  How does the author of the article describe the economic climate of the past few years?
18.  How do analysts describe today's Gucci?
Vocab.
a bumpy ride/road = a situation with both failures and successes
revamp = to improve the way something looks or operates by making major changes to it:
a plan to revamp the banking industry
COURSEBOOK, p. 68; LISTENING
E> TASK Complete the gaps with the words and phrases you hear:
The   amazing   thing   about   most   successful    brands    is   that   very   little   can    1.
__________________________________(5    words)    once    they've    become    well
established   and  they   2.______________________________(7  words)   .   I   mean,
certain  big  brands have survived scandals about 3._________________(1 word)  ,
they've continued to sell even though the sports teams they chose to promote them lost all their matches in one season! But one thing that can kill a brand, and particularly a
luxury brand, is if it loses its 4._____________________(3 words) . If you give too
many retailers licences and let them sell at the prices 5._______________(3 words)-
3
well, then you're  in trouble!  You  must never 6. words).
(6
Vocab.
sweatshop = a place where people work for low wages in poor conditions: sweatshop labour/conditions The company was accused of running clothing sweatshops overseas
WORKBOOK, p. 34; READING
Fashion brands today
E> TASK Answer the following questions.
1. Why is it very hard today to make money out of exclusive custom-made garments?
2.  Chanel is the only luxury brand these days which is making money. T/F
3.  What is and in what context is Christian Lacroix mentioned?
4.  How is the situation further reflected in the current number of fashion houses in Paris?
5.  It is only luxury brands which have been hit by this crisis. Small and medium size businesses in the fashion industry manage to operate unaffected. T/F
6. What is the source of the troubles of mass market producers?
7. Fortunately, the future for upmarket as well as downmarket clothes producers in Europe looks good. T/F
COURSEBOOK, p. 70; READING [£> TASK Answer the following questions.
1.  How would you describe Mr Bernat's strategy?
2.  What was innovative about a lollipop compared to other types of sweets?
3.  What name did he choose for his product and why:
4.  What role did Salvador Dali play in the Chupa Chups story?
5.  How quickly did Mr Bernat manage to establish a very firm position on the Spanish market?
6.  What does the revamp of the Chupa Chups image consist in?
4
WORKBOOK, p. 35; LISTENING
E>TASK Answer the following questions:
1. What was Intercontinental part of in the past?
3.  How well has IC done since then?
4.  The list of place where IC has been sold includes which countries
5.  Why are they selling so many of their hotels when the business is thriving again after three difiicult years?
E> Translate:
to be under close review =                                                    ___
U8 - wordformation (BOTH BOOKS)
1.  Gucci took note of this_____________
stores in__________________locations. (POPULAR, AGGRESSION, GLAMOUR)
2.  He concentrated on producing________________high-quality products. (FABLE)
and expanded.
, opening
3.  He managed to integrate___________
(LABOUR)
4.  Once part of Six Continents, Intercontinental_________________
(MERGE)
5.  Prada has parted company with Helmit Lang after persistent____
6.  The effect can be________________. (DEVASTATE)
7.  This is another_______________brand. (LOSE - MAKE)
8.  The main cause of the mass market's troubles is_____________
(COMPETE)
9.  The Federation Frangaise de la Couture is France's main fashion, (ASSOCIATE)
advertising and communication campaigns.
__ in April 2003. ____________. (LOSE)
from overseas.
PJI2A
Review Test
Intelligent Business: Unit 8 - Brands
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)
A. Translate the following expressions into English: padělané výrobky oslabující značku (výrobku) -dosáhnout u zákazníků věrnost značce -____
points
(2points each)
uvážlivě se vyhnout nadměrné publicitě (výrobku) — čelit značně velkým výzvám v umění jednat s lidmi vybudovat si renomé za renovaci (vylpkní) zboží -
odlišit oděvy na zakázku od konfekce -__________
úspěšně na sebe neupozorňovat jako firma -____
ztrátové středně velké firmy jdoucí ke dnu -______
B. Write expressions the following definitions refer to:
(2 points each)
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31
/.     using a successful brand name to sell new types of products; a new product that is sold using an existing brand name:
2.     the act of making changes to the form of something in order to improve its appearance, how efficiently it works, etc.:
C Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases; translate the selected phrase:                      (2 points each)
CLIENT BASE, PRICE, CUSTOMERS, LOLLIPOPS, PURVEYORS, ACCOLADE
1.      Guccio Gucci deserved at least one_______________________for building his successful
company.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
2.     We have to fight against the diminishing of our_________________________________.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
3.     None of our_______________________was accused of contractual failure.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
D.  Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:                   (1 point each)
STREAMLINE - DETRACT - EXPAND -ANTICIPA TE REVIVE - REINFORCE - SUSTAIN - CONVEY
1.      IBM has decided____________________________the idea of producing colorful laptops.
2.     The message____________________________to the public through mass media.
3.      In my opinion, potential conflicts should always____________________________, if
possible.
4.      Celebrity endorsement should____________________________our main message in the
campaign.
E.  Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                              (1 point each)
1.     We came______________________________to the theater - the performance had already
started. (LATE)
2.     The______________________________of our products is accompanied with an identifier.
(SIGN)
3.      Retailers______________________________prefer checking their brand effectiveness.
(INCREASE)
4.     The company wants to______________________________its production overseas.
(SOURCE)
points
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)
A. Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                       (1 point each)
1.     The management has approved_________all our suggestions.
2.     Bad news concerning the firm will result_________the decrease in sales.
3.     Brand extension can detract_________your exclusivity image.
4.     The new logo conjures_________the idea of a strong and wealthy firm.
6
5.     Coca-Cola is the biggest rival
. Pepsi.
6.     A few years ago the market was crowded .
small firms.
B. Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones:     (3 points each)
1.     The taste of the soup was great although its appearance was quite bad.
The soup tasted_____________________although it looked___________________________.
2.     The successful promotion of this product caused that people started buying it.
The________________________________________product started being bought by people.
3.     We have had a very friendly talk.
We talked_______________________________________________________________.
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prepositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                          (1 point each)
Hugo Boss__________________________________________(DECIDE, RISK, LAUNCH) a
new advertising campaign recently. There was no point________________________(WAIT) it
because the competitors were likely__________________________________________(MAKE,
attempt, ATTACK) HB's position on the market. And they could________________________
_______________________(SUCCEED, THREATEN) HB by using celebrity endorsement.
D'Orsay, for example, _____________________________________________________ (LOOK
FORWARD, COOPERATE) Jennifer Lopez, who is going to be their main star. Although
JLo______________________________________(lately, DENY, USE) as the brand-attraction,
rumours still spread. Other companies_____________________________________(even, TRY,
TARNISH) the reputation of HB. It is obvious that HB always__________________________
(OBJECT, USE) such techniques but it is not always possible __________(EXPECT, competitors, BEHA VE) in a fair way.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     I think your speech was_______________________.
A: extremely dramatical
C: made extremely dramatically
2.     The teacher was very____________
B: extremely dramatic
D: made extremely dramaticly
and the students were____________
A: confusing ... boring C: boring ... bored
3.     The idea which came too
A: late ... silly C: soon ... lovely
B: confused ... bored D: bored ... depressing
B: lately ... interesting D: fast... well
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)                                   |_____| points
Translate the following sentences into English:
Hlavní príčiny neúspěchu firem v podnikání zahrnují slabou cenovou politiku, příliš mnoho rozmanitých výrobků nebo poskytování licencí příliš mnoha obchodníkům; na druhou stranu může vysoké povědomí o identitě značky udělat zázraky. Dalším faktorem jsou též rostoucí mzdové náklady nutící firmy snižovat výrobu nebo ji přesunovat do zahraničí, protože pokud
chtějí masoví producenti přežít, nemohou si dovolit mít přetrvávající ztrátu.
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UNIT NINE - INVESTMENT
A bear
a person who_____________shares, a particular currency, etc., hoping to___________
(3 words)   later at a_____________price because they think prices are going to
___________rather than_____________.
A bull
a person who__________shares, a particular currency, etc., hoping to_____________
(3 words)  afterwards at a___________price because they think prices are going to
_________rather than______________.
COURSEBOOK,   p. 75; INTRODUCTION
E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  How do many businesses start?
2.  Where do funds come from?
3.  Who are business angels?
4.  Who are fund managers?
5.  What are ethical investments?
COURSEBOOK,   p. 77; READING
E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  Do people always make rational and wise decisions about their professional future?
What do they mostly based their vital decisions on?
2.  Who is Daniel Kahneman and what is he famous for?
3.  Professor Kahneman advice is often sought by many investors. T/F
4.  People usually show an enormous interest in getting to know the roots of their poor decisions. T/F
5.  When investing in stocks and shares people base their decision on long-term returns of their previous investments. T/F
6.  In which other areas of life do people's expectations prove to be unrealistic?
7.  Unlike in the area of personal relationships people are never guided by their first impressions when   it comes to negotiating a price with a new acquitance. T/F
8.  How do the above mentioned human characteristics affect the decision making process? What does the author of this article advise companies/managers to do?
9.  What is it bias?
10.  What is the so called homebias?
11.  How is fear of failure demonstrated in the way people value gains and losses?
9
12. Pople usually spend too much time making small decisions at the expense of big decisions. T/F (give the example from the text).
13. Why is it not wise to spend too much time regretting past decisions? How can regretting past decisions show in the behaviour of investors?
14. Why are governments more likely to behave irrationally than businesses ?
COURSEBOOK,   p. 79; READING E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  How would you comment on the risk involved in buying fine art as an investment?
2.  Why do people invest in works of art?
3. The market price for works of art is always accurate.T/F
4.  Which factor does prevent many investors from investing in works of art?
5.  Have their been some spectacular losses in the industry?
COURSEBOOK,   p. 80; LISTENING
\E> TASK Complete the text with the words and phrases you hear:
BH: Yeah, it's been a very good year for us. But it took some time to get to this point, although I guess I knew we could do it. It's profit that drives me. I know I said I love
great clothes 1.___________________( 2 words) , but what your first priority has to be
is    making    money,    you    know    what    I    mean.    That    is    the    key    to    success
2.__________________________________(5 words).
Int.: Can you relax 3._______________(2 words)  you 've established the brand?
BH:   4._____________________(3   words)   .   In   my   business   you   have   to   keep
5.___________________________(2 words) , investing in design and marketing, and
hope you get noticed by the best retail outlets. There is so much competition 6. _____________________(2 words) and they're all cutting costs in a very price-sensitive market. But it isn't being the cheapest 7.___________________(2 words) .
What 8._______________________________(5 words) is knowing where to cut costs
and where to invest.
Int.: And what is the next investment?
BH: Well, I'm proud to say we're planning to launch our first environmental product line
this year, a T-shirt line made from 100% grown-in-the-USA 9.______________________
(3 words) . There is a huge market for that kind of environmentally friendly product. Int.: That sounds like an interesting development.
10
BH:  Yes,  but I  may  not  10.__________________________________(5 words)  -  I'm
thinking   of   11.______________________________________(5   words)   as   a   venture
capitalist, or rather a business angel. It's the excitement you get at the beginning of a
venture 12.___________________(3 words). And I prefer the image   of angel because
that would mean being more involved than just a venture capitalist, you know, and it's the 13._______________________(3 words) that really interests me.
U9 - wordformation (BOTH BOOKS)
1.  Business angels give_________________advice. (ENTERPRISE)
2.  It is important to make________________________________. (ETHICS, INVEST)
3.   He_____________________increased the risks,________________accounts and lost a
staggering total of £208m. (SYSTEM, FALSE)
4.  His companies are very_________________. (INNOVATION)
5._________________finance   applies___________________insights   to   economics.
(BEHAVE, PSYCHOLOGY)
6.     People    put   a    lot   of_________________on    what   they    have    experienced
_____________________. (EMPHASIZE, SELF)
7.  Fear of__________________is another strong human characteristic. (FAIL)
8.  People spend__________________too much time on small decisions and not enough
on big ones. (PROPORTION)
9.    Regretting   past   decisions   also   colours   people's______________of  the   future.
(PERCEIVE)
10.    Governments   face   a   whole   range   of___________     ______________pressures.
(CONFLICT, POLITICS)
11.   Blue-chip shares will almost certainly pay a_______________of 4% even in poor
economic conditions. (MINIMIZE)
12.  Art is___________________overvalued and the industry is  '_____________________
for   assessing    value_____________________.    (FREQUENCY,    not   FAMOUS,    not
ACCURATE)
13.  It has been sold for an__________________of the original price. (EIGHT)
14.     What    does    he    say    about_________________________friendly    products?
(ENVIRONMENT)
U9 -REVISION VOCABULARY:
1.        nespecializovat        se        na        terminované        obchody        a        obce
2.  utrpět obrovské ztráty =_____________________
3.  rozvážný investor nikdy nejednající ukvapeně =
4.  čelit rozporuplným politickým tlakům =________
5.             právo,             ale             ne             závazek             uskutečnit            transakci
zaručený                    dlupopis                    vydaný                    vládou
7.  znovu investovat zisk do jiných riskantních podniků a méněcenných  dlupopisů =
8.         mít        nejlepší       šanci        na        úspěch        mezi        absolventy        MBA
Definitions:
11
1.   shares in a well-managed company with a record of paying profits to shareholders during good and bad economic conditions =___________________
2.  a new business activity or project that involves risk =__________________
Words and phrases:
FUTURES; OPTIONS; BOOM YEARS; INSIGHTS; BANKRUPTCY; PORTFOLIO
1.  He is the infamous trader who caused the_________________of Barings Bank.
In Czech: ________________
2.   During the_________________, a period of wealth and success,    companies tend to
waste their energy and resources.
In Czech: ________________
3.   Behavioural  finance  is  a  science  which  applies  psychological_______________to
economics.
In Czech: ________________
Verbs:
FORECAST; ASSESS; QUOTE; FALSIFY; AFFECT; PAY; LET; INVEST
1.  He falsified accounts, i.e. deliberately put wrong data in them, and lost a staggering total of £208m.
2.  The asking price quoted bv the seller tends to become accepted as the price around which negotiations take place.
3.   Blue-chip shares will almost certainly pay a minimum of 4% even in poor economic conditions.
4.  How does regretting bad decisions affect stock market investors' future decisions?
GRAMMAR: Prepositions:
1.  Why don 't companies abandon projects________which they are losing money?
2.  Why are people more concerned___________losses than profits?
3.  Why is it irrational to invest only________your home country?
4.  The industry is infamous_________assessing value incorrectly.
5.   It's  difficult  to  overemphasize  the  risk  involved_______buying  fine  art  as  an
investment.
6.  What task can I delegate and assign________somebody else?
Sentence transformation:
1. They shouldn't have expanded their portfolio on any account, because their track
record was very poor.
On no__________________________________________________________.
2. We don 't want to raise prices. What we______________________
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3. Profit drives him. It______________
TRANSLATION:
1. První cena navržená prodávajícím při prodeji nemovitosti bývá všemi stranami obvykle akceptována jako cena, o níž se dále diskutuje, ať je tato cena jakkoliv nepřesná nebo dokonce nečestná.
2. Cím dříve bylo rozhodnutí učiněno, tím těžší je jej opustit.
Review Test
PJI2A
Intelligent Business: Unit 9 - Investment
points
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)
A. Translate the following expressions into English:                                                                  (2 points each)
nespecializovat se na tenninované obchody a opce -_____________________________________
utrpět obrovské ztráty -_____________________________________________________________
rozvážný investor nikdy nejednající ukvapeně -__________________________________________
čelit rozporuplným politickým tlakům -________________________________________________
právo, ale ne závazek uskutečnit transakci -_____________________________________________
zaručený dluhopis vydaný vládou -____________________________________________________
znovu investovat (1 word) zisk do jiných riskantních podniků (1 word) a méněcenných  dlupopisů
mít nejlepší šanci na úspěch mezi absolventy MBA -_____________________________________
B.  Write expressions the following definitions refer to:                                                                (2 points each)
1. shares in a well-managed company with a record of paying profits to shareholders during good and bad economic conditions:
2. an investor who helps new companies develop by lending them their own money, which may involve a lot of risk:
C.  Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases; translate the selected phrase:                      (2 points each)
FUTURES, OPTIONS, BOOM YEARS, INSIGHTS, BANKRUPTCY, PORTFOLIO
1.     He is the infamous trader who caused the_________________________of Barings Bank.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
2.     During the__________________________, a period of wealth and success, companies tend
to waste their energy and resources.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
3.     Behavioral finance is a science that applies psychological__________________________to
economics.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
13
D. Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:                   (1 point each)
FORECAST-ASSESS - QUOTE - FALSIFY AFFECT -PAY-LET- INVEST
1. He_______________________accounts, i.e. deliberately put wrong data in them, and lost a
staggering total of €208m.
2. The asking price__________________________the seller tends to become accepted as the
price around which negotiations take place.
3. Blue-chip shares will almost certainly________________________a minimum of 4% even in
poor economic conditions.
4. How does regretting bad decisions___________________________stock market investors'
future decisions?
E. Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                              (1 point each)
1. John has stopped all his___________________________activities. (ENTREPRENEUR)
2. Have you______________________________the tasks you are supposed to do this week?
(PRIORITY)
3.  Buying the shares now is___________________________: you can earn a lot of money but
you won't have any money for the production expansion at the moment. (PRODUCE)
4. This banker is my___________________________- we met at a conference two years ago.
(ACQUAINT)
points
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)
A.  Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                       (1 point each)
1.     Why don't companies abandon projects________which they are losing money?
2.     Why are people more concerned________losses than profits?
3.     Why is it irrational to invest only________your home country?
4.     The industry is infamous________assessing value incorrectly.
5.      It's difficult to overemphasize the risk involved________buying fine art as an investment.
6.     What task can I delegate and assign________somebody else?
B.  Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones:     (3 points each)
4.     They shouldn't have expanded their portfolio on any account, because their track record was very poor.
On no account__________________________________________________________________.
5.     We don't want to raise prices as we'd lose some of our customers.
What we______________________________________________________________________.
6.     Profit as well as satisfaction from well-done work drives him.
It_____________________________________________________________________________.
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prpositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                          (1 point each)
Many financial institutions are now___________________________________________(HA VE
DIFFICULTY, FINANCE)  their operations because of the financial crisis. Economists
mostly_____________________________________________________(ADVISE, they, PLAN,
GET READY) lower profit and higher risks. Governments_____________________________
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__________________________{URGE, START, SUPPORT) foreign investments, as national
economies________________________________________(likely, EXPERIENCE) a decrease
in their GDP. Every effort________________________________________{AVOID, HIT) the
crisis is appreciated not only by experts._______________________________________________
__________________{DISCUSS, opportunities, INVEST, safe) has become a major issue for
many fund managers. Shareholders _______________________________________
(recent, SURPRISE) managers' failure to earn the promised profits. The income
__________________________________________ {SEEM, KEEP, DECREASE) last month,
which was bad news. However, a positive trend________________________________________
{EXPECT, BEGIN) in the following quarter.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     The investment fund could buy shares of________banks________insurance companies.
A: either ... and also                                        B: either... or
C: neither ... but                                                D: neither ... nor
2.     ___________, the financial crisis can last longer than most people think.
A: In conclusion                                             B: In general
C: Either                                                         D: On the whole
3.     Certain measures,_____________increasing the interest rate, refusing to lend money or
others, aren't very popular.
A: such as                                                       B: for example
C: like                                                             D: for instance
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)                                   |_____| points
Translate the following sentences into English:
Michael Connel se stal znómjra jako spoluzakladatel jednoho slavného a úspěšného investičního fondu i svým výkonem v oblasti vyhledávání bezpečných a rychle rostoucích výnosů z investovaného majetku. Spíše než tradičním metodám hodnocení rizika důvěřoval svému instinktu a zkušenosti. Ačkoliv jeho předpovědi vývoje akciového trhu nebyly vždy zcela přesné, většinou byl jeho úsudek správný a jeho rozhodnutí přinášela klientům vysoké příjmy.
UNIT TEN -ENERGY
\E> TASK (Keynotes) Complete the text with the most suitable words, the first letters of the words are given.
All businesses depend directly on the energy sector, which is the largest single market in
the world. Some energy companies trade in 1. f___________   f_____________ (coal,
gas and petroleum) while others supply electricity or fuel to end users.  Many of the
products     derived     from     petroleum,     like    2.     p________,     chemicals     and     3.
f_______________, are essential components or ingredients for industry. As petroleum
4. r_____________ become scarcer, this drives up oil prices and encourages companies
and governments to develop alternative or 5. r______________ energies.  Increasing
energy consumption is creating pollution and causing 6. g_________   w_____________,
a problem some countries are addressing through the 7. K___________Agreeement.
COURSEBOOK,   p. 87; READING E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  The fact that gasoline prices have reached their highest mark ever in the US is directly
related to which fact?
2.  What worries the public more the high prices and long queues at the pump or the fact the number of available global oirl reserves is shrinking?
Why would be oil companies interested in boosting  reserve estimates?
4.  Who else is interested in having inflated reserve estimates?
5.  Name another mentioned reason for which it is very convenient for a specific country to have/claim to have very rich oil reserves?
6.  The exact quantity of oil owned by a particular company is determined by both the respective country and an international panel of specialists. T/F
7.  What do the geologists say about the quantities the countries claim to have?
8.   How  would  the  situation  change  if the  number of oil  reserves  really started  to decrease?
9.  Name petroleum-dependent products
10.   In   a  situation  with  very  few  global  oil   reserves  available  why  will   it  become uneconomic to drill the remaining oil?
11.  How do governments and private business define an oil shortage? Do geologists and common sense people share their view?
12.  What do the optimistic oil-reserve estimates also fail to take into account?
13.   What would  be the  best-case scenario for the world  if there  really was an  oil shortage?
14.  Why can 't we take the official estimates of oil reserves for granted?
UIO - wordformation, BOTH BOOKS
1. Companies are encouraged to develop_________________energies. (NEW)
16
2.   Overfishing  has  led to a  serious________________of cod,  haddock and  whiting.
(DEPLETE)
3.  Many countries are_____________on fossil fuels. (RELY)
4.  The increase in the prices has been_______________. (not, SIGNIFY)
5.  It's hard to stay__________________when discussing these sensitive issues. (PART)
6.   When________________acid  arrives  at the  factory,   it's     taken  off the   lorries.
(SULPHUR)
7.  We're going to go for natural_________________in the offices rather than installing
air__________________________. (VENTILATE, CONDITION)
8.    We   are   going   to   have   a   look   at   the   products   we   manufacture,   such   as ________________and__________________. (CHEMISTRY, FERTILISE)
9.   The   publication   makes  the  case  for  reducing   the___________________of,  and
_____________________on, fossil fuels.
(CONSUME, DEPEND)
10.   The world's oil______________will run_______________low by 2050. (SUPPLY,
DANGER)
11.   Essential petroleum-dependent products will be unavailable or___________________.
(not, AFFORD)
12.  It would be_____________________not to question their estimates when the official
figures are so notoriously__________________. (not RESPONSIBLE, not RELY)
13.   This would accelerate the already_________________effects of global warming.
(NOTE)
14.   If not alternative energy source  is found to  replace  petroleum,  many everyday
products    will    become__________________        ______________________.    (PROHIBIT,
EXPEND)
15.  Governments will be increasingly reluctant to_____________________________power,
and plans to build costly atomic________________will__________________be shelved.
(SUBSIDY, NUCLEUS, REACT, CONSEQUENCE)
COURSEBOOK,   p. 89; READING
\E> TASK Which words mentioned in the text are defined by the following?
1._____________= imagined sequence of future events
2.___________= said of sth which can continue or last for a long time
3._______________= supplies of sth such as money, labour, etc. that an organization or
a person has and can use
4._______________= A), a situation that exists now because of events, actions, etc. that
took place in the past, B). money or property that is given to you by sb when they die
5.________________= unwilling and therefore slow to cooperate, agree, etc.
6._______________= to make an arrangement with a company in which you pay them
regular amounts of money or make a single payment and they agree to pay you money,
for example if you die or are ill/sick, or if you lose or damage sth
7._____________= to become less or smaller; to make sth less or smaller
17
COURSEBOOK,   p. 89; LISTENING
E> TASK Based on the information in the exercise complete each gap with ONE most suitable word:
1.  Non-renewable a)____________to all the energies that depend on using mineral or
petroleum resources, which you can use only b)_____________.
2.  If you produce a barrel of oil to produce electricity, that energy will never be________________.
3.  Renewable energy________________from the sunlight.
4. The action of the sun on the atmosphere creates wind and also a) _______________________heat which makes water b)_______________.
5.  Geothermal energy uses the heat which is under the a)____________of the earth,
and b)_____________energy, which uses the c)________________effect of the moon.
6.  Alternative energy will play an important role in the future because its sources are_______________.
7.  Unfortunately, there's no way you can suddenly______________to using only
renewable energies.
8. The wind doesn 't always blow so you have to a)_________________for b)
_________________in the amount of energy that can be produced.
9.  Renewable energy can help but it won 't provide a____________solution.
E> TASK (based on 88/Negative prefixes and 89/Energy sector) Translate the following:
1.  neobnovitelné zdroje pozemních vod =______________________________________
2.  počítačově negramotní dospělí =___________________________________________
3.  nezodpovědné chování =____________________________________________
4.  nemanželské dítě =________________________________________________
5.  protizákonné používání zbraní hromadného ničení =
6.  neudržitelný rozvoj =__________________
7.  nevyjednatelné podmínky =_____________
8.  neexistující vyčerpané zdroje =__________
9.  neplatné heslo =______________________
10.  nestranný soudce =___________________
11.  Česká koruna na nepřijatelných úrovních =
12.  zanechat pozitivní ekonomický odkaz =
13. více a více neochotní dotovat atomovou energii =
14.  omezený přístup k energii =_____________
15.  odložené plány (na polici) =______________
16.  stát se závislým na dovozu =_____________
17.  přinucen přijat novou energetickou politiku =
18. přívod elektřiny přerušen výpadky proudu =
18
WORKBOOK,   p. 43; READING
E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  What is it officially called and how and why do Londoners refer to it?
2.  What is the most remarkable fact about the building?
3.  Buildings are energy-guzzling machines. Explain.
4.  Who is Green Building Aliance?
5.  Explain the word proponents.
6.  What do proponents of green buildings say?
PJI2A
Review Test
Intelligent Business: Unit 10- Energy
Name:					
Teacher:				TOTAL (60 points to pass)	MARK
Number of points (max. 100 points)					
I. Listening:		III. Grammar:			
II. Vocabulary:		IV. Translation:			
I. Listening: (max. 20 points)
points
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)
A. Translate the following expressions into English: odhady zmenšujících se zásob ropy -____
průkazné provozní náklady jaderné elektrárny nedokonalý scénář udržitelného rozvoje —___
odkázaný na spotřebu neobnovitelných zdrojů zastaralé nešetrné (agresivní) těžební techniky — přejít na hojnou solární a příbojovou energii -
poptávka předstihující nabídku -____________
snížit emise skleníkových plynů —____________
B. Write expressions the following definitions refer to:
points
(2points each)
(2 points each)
a large-scale disruption in electric power supply, loss of light, power, or c ommunic ation s:
a situation or state when people are able to buy a product because it does not cost too much money:
19
C Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases; translate the selected phrase:                      (2 points each)
ENVIRONMENT, TIDAL ENERGY, LEGACY, RENTAL RETURNS, DEPLETION, TRANSMISSION
1. The_____________________________of oil resources will bring our civilization close
to a disaster.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
2. Boosting property values will result in higher
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
3. One     day    we'll    be     able     to     use     methods     such     as     satellite     power
________________________to the Earth.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
D. Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:                   (1 point each)
ABANDON-SHRINK- SOAR - USE UP SURMISE -AFFECT- CEASE - INTERRUPT
/.John was directly ____________________________ by the construction of the new
factory.
2. The EU has decided _______________________________ the policy of penalizing
member states.
3. Unfortunately,              supplies             of             electricity             were             often _________________________________by power cuts.
4. Scientists in general _____________________________ that the planet will become
warmer soon.
E. Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                              (1 point each)
1.     The judge was________________________________when deciding the
complicated case. (PART)
2. This architecture is very practical and also__________________________________.
(ART)
3. When prices of new products are________________________________high, people
can't buy them. (PROHIBIT)
4. The              increasing             petroleum              consumption             is              very
_____________________________________worldwide. (NOTICE)
points
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)
A. Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                       (1 point each)
1.     All the study results were taken_________granted by everybody.
2. NASA will conduct a research_________the possibility of flying to Mars.
3. Oil reserves will probably be used_________in 20 to 30 years.
4. A steep rise_________the price of oil could be devastating.
5. Let's get Mary_________the energy consumption research, she'll do it.
20
6. Europe will soon have to compensate_________the oil it imports from Russia.
B. Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones:     (3 points each)
1.      I didn't accept the job last year and therefore I can't go for a business trip to Alaska now.
If I________________________________, I_____________________________________now.
2.     The machine won't keep making the noise if you turn it off.
The machine_____________________________unless_______________________________.
3.     Jane didn't marry Paul in the past because she is always so indecisive.
Jane__________________________________if she__________________________________.
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prepositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                         (1 point each)
The problem of increasing energy consumption_____________________________ (CAN, not,
SOLVE) countries individually. Citizens of these countries______________________________
___________________________(SHOULD, MAKE, governments, THINK) it and try to find
a solution. Austria, for example,____________________________________________(A VOID,
CONSIDER, RUN) a nuclear power station for many years but the shortage of electricity
________________________________________(soon, FORCE, they, START) a public debate
about this option. Especially if countries like Russia_____________________________________
(likely, THREATEN, USE) their energetic potential as a way of influencing Europe's policy.
It_______________________________________(no use, WAIT) a miracle here, we have to act
quickly. It is true that if Norway_____________________________(DECIDE, JOIN) the EU
in 1995, Europe________________________________________(CAN, RISK, HAVE) a much
stricter policy towards Russia now. So these countries will surely make every effort__________
_________________________________(POSTPONE, BE, dependent) energy from abroad.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     Veronica would definitely tell us the answer if she___________________.
A: were here                                                   B: was here
C: had studied for the exam                               D: could speak
2.     If I______________you, I______________the unknown food.
A: was ... would never eat                               B:were ... would have never eaten
C: were ... would   never have eaten                D: were ... would never eat
3.    _____________oil had never been discovered.
A: If only                                                        B: I wish
C: Only if                                                       D: Provided that
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)                                   |_____| points
Translate the following sentences into English:
Zastánci využívání fosilních paliv nadsazují údaje o odhadech světových zásob ropy a plynu a nepřipouštějí, že se tyto zásoby ztenčují; propagují také jadernou energii a vůbec se nezaměřují na záležitost uložení jaderného odpadu. Podporují rozvoj nealternativních zdrojů a tvrdí, že větrná, vodní, solární ani přílivová energie nebudou schopny pokrýt (vyrovnávat) naše vzrůstající
21
požadavky, což povede k situaci, kdy většina zboží bude cenově nedostupná a neekonomická.
22
UNIT ELEVEN - GOING PUBLIC
m> TASK (Keynotes) Complete the gaps with the correct forms of the following verbs: UNDERWRITE, INTRODUCE, RAISE, GO, FILE, COMPLY
An Initial Public Offering (IPO) takes place when a private company 1._____________
capital by 2._________________its shares on the stock market and becomes a public
limited company (pic). Before a private company can 3._________public, it must 4.
_______________the requirements of the regulators of the stock exchange (Securities
Exchange Commission in the US) and 5.__________an application giving full details of
its accounts. Most companies prefer to use the services of an investment bank to manage or 6.____________________the offering.
COURSEBOOK,   p. 95; READING E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  What is NASDAQ?
2.  What is IPO?
3.  How did Bill Gates and Steve Jobs play the game of going public?
4.  What is racket?
5.  How does IPO performed by Brin and Page differ from a standard one?
6.  Do investment firms like Morgan Stanley play any role in the IPO performed by Brin and Page?
7.    Why     did   such   famous   risk-takers   such   as   Gates   and   Jobs   tolerate  this   WS shakedown/ racket?
8.  What does it mean to cut sb in (on sth)?
9.  When did things start to go wrong for this investment houses cartel?
10.  Why didn 't this idea of the auction approach take off immediately?
11.  What does it mean hypermathematical?
12.  Why can Page and Brin afford to bypass big Wall Street names?
13.  Explain the following words: to pioneer=
an ally = outthink = outflank= to bypass =
14.  What twin principles is Google based on?
15.  Explain how the word "google" came into existence.
COURSEBOOK,   p. 96; LISTENING
E> TASK Complete the text with the words and phrases you hear:
23
Probably the most serious was with the timing of the IPO - it was set for August and
that's not the best time to get the financial community 1._____________because it's
right  in  the  middle  of the  summer vacation.   Secondly,  there  was  the  attitude   2.
_____________________________________the   company's   plans.   These   were   never
published            3.            ___________________            and            investors            were            4.
________________________________what  the   company  was   planning.   Lastly,  the   5.
______________________the auction was complicated, and, 6._________________, instead
of simplifying things, it really made it more difficult for investors to buy shares. However,
7._______________________, I should add that for investors, the Google IPO was a really
great oportunity: they could buy at a relatively low price and within a few days the shares 8.________________________$ 125.
COURSEBOOK,   p. 97; READING E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  Why is the planned IPO of the Fairfax Inc shares unlikely to change the way things are done in the company?
2.  As for the organizational side of the IPO, what were the original plans and how have they been changed?
3.  How much money will the Randsfeld IB earn from this business?
4.  Why are the Fairfax shares highly likely to do well?
WORKBOOK,   p. 47; READING
E> TASK 1 Find in the text words defined by the following:
Pari
1.________________________= to sound familiar
2._____________________= (usually plural) someone who is injured or killed in an
accident or military action:
3.________________=  a time when a period of economic success ends suddenly,
opposite of the word boom
4._________________= time of great excitement and feeling you can achieve what you
want
5._____________________= to risk money or something valuable in the hope of winning
more if you are lucky or if you guess something correctly
6.___________________= if the value, amount or level of sth__________, it rises very
quickly
Par 2
1.__________________something to someone/something = to say that someone or
something has a specific quality, especially a bad one, or is guilty of something
2.___________________= the total value of all a company's shares, calculated by
multiplying the number of shares by their price on the stock exchange
24
= a computer program that searches the Internet for
information, especially by looking for documents containing a particular word or group of words
4.__________________= a company or person that is new in a business, but may
already be becoming important
5._________________= a) to prove that something is present using scientific methods,
b) to notice something, especially when it is not obvious
6.__________________= a situation that cannot last in which prices rise very quickly
and many people make a lot of money
Par 3
1.________________________= to start to work together in order to achieve a shared
goal
2.______________________= to be as good as what was expected
3.___________________= to disappear, usually gradually
4.__________________= the act of forming a new, independent company from part of
an existing one; a company formed in this way
5._______________________= not to make as much money as expected or as sb/sth
else:_
6.___________________________ated = likely to end in failure or death
Par 4
1._________________________= to show a comparison between things
2.____________________= to stop being effective or making progress
3._________________________= the time when something stops existing
4._______________________= not practical because it has not been thought about
carefully
5._____________________= the use of a lot of advertisements and other PUBLICITY to
influence or interest people
6._________________________= to do sth that is a risk
Par 5
1._________________= the result that you wanted to achieve from a plan or idea
2.__________________= the money that is received by a business usually from selling
goods or services
3.__________________= to be suddenly reduced to a much lower level
Par 6
1.________________________= to have a more secure position
2.________________________= impossible to think about or imagine
3.__________________________= in a way that shows you think someone has done
something wrong
4.______________________= enjoyable but not serious or important
25
\E> TASK 2 Answer the questions Par 1
1.  In what context are etoys.com, Pets.com or Boo.com mentioned?
2.  How are the 1990 's described in the article?
3.  What happened to the unsuccessful companies of the 1990s?
4.  How are the dotcom companies which survived this difficult period doing now and how are they seen by thein potential investors?
Par 2
5.  How well have the Google shares have done since their IPO?
6.  How well is Google doing compared to Time Warner? Par 3
7.  Describe some of the recent developments in the history of the Time Warner company.
8.  How did Time Warner react to the unsuccessful merger with AOL? Par 4
9.  Have the investors been able to learn from the dot.com cash?
10.  Name some current dotcom giants.
11.  How is the average consumer today different from the average consumer 10 years ago?
Par 5 +6
12.  How are these days described in terms of returns on investment in the web-based business?
13.  Why are the companies in the web-based business better established today than they were 10 years ago?
Review Test
PJI2A
Intelligent Business: Unit 11 - Going public
points
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)
A. Translate the following expressions into English:                                                                  (2 points each)
jednoduše řečeno - ________________________________________________________________
podat lepší výkon (1 word) než poradenská agentura -______________________________________
troufalá a podvodná provize (legální) -__________________________________________________
uplatnit opci na akcie a splatit dluhy -__________________________________________________
mít zaručeny rychlé zisky —___________________________________________________________
znepřátelit si zkorumpovaného kupujícího -_________
mít monopol na upisování kmenových akcií —________
poukázat na podobnosti mezi internetovými vyhledávači -
B. Write expressions the following definitions refer to:                                                                (2 points each)
1. the act of forming a new, independent company from part of an existing one; a company formed in this way:
26
2. an official financial record that gives details of all a company's income and expenses for a particular period and shows if it has made a profit or a loss:
C Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases; translate the selected phrase:                    (2 points each)
CRACKS, PROSPECTUS, VALUATION, CASUALTIES, KICKBACK, DEMISE
1. The accumulated debts resulted in the final_________________________________of
our company.
In C^ech or Slovak:_________________________________________
2. There were many________________________________of the dotcom crash in late
1990s.
In C^ech or Slovak:_________________________________________
3. It's illegal and unethical to  accept a _______________________________ for any
service we provide.
In C^ech or Slovak:_________________________________________
D. Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:                 (1 point each)
SLUMP - PEAK- HYPE - BYPASS DISCLOSE - REVOLUTIONIZE - OUTBID - RUMOUR
1. Prices of shares of internet companies have_______________________to their
minimum.
2. Auction participant number 17 finally___________________________its biggest
opponent yesterday.
3. Nokia's new impulses__________________________the mobile phone market.
4. You can ___________________________ Paying a commission to a stockbroker by
holding a public auction.
E.  Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                           (1 point each)
1. Yahoo's shares were worth $98_______________________________last Friday.
(PIECE)
2. It's   absolutely   __________________________________   that   Microsoft  would   go
bankrupt. (CONCEIVE)
3. The______________________________of confidential financial information can hurt
our firm. (DISCLOSE)
4. The CEO has led the company through _____________________________________
crises. (NUMBER)
points
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)
A. Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                   (1 point each)
1.     The government's measures have to comply__________the EU's regulations.
2.     There's no way I could offer you the stock__________a discount.
3.      Our firm has embarked__________a long but hopefully successful journey.
27
4.      I tried to bid__________my rival but finally I didn't have enough money.
5.      I think we should hold a vote__________the issue of employing foreigners.
6.      Investors usually start trading__________the exchange at 9 a.m.
B. Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones; try to use the most suitable future form:                                                                                                             (3 points each)
1.     We will receive the money and after that I will let you know.
I______________________________as soon as____________________________the money.
2.     Brokers will try to sell your shares. On Monday next week.
The brokers______________________________________your shares on Monday next week.
3.     Will the company be sold? By January next year? ____________________________________________________________by January next year?
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prepositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                         (1 point each)
Going public can_____________________________________[ENABLE, a company, RAISE)
the necessary capital. But before the existing owners____________________________________
{BEGIN, CONSIDER, SELL) part of their stakes, they should________________________
____________________________(prepared, FOCUS, MAXIMIZE) the company's value first.
Future shareholders will_________________________________(interested, LEARN) as much
as possible about the firm's financial position. Also, if a chosen strategy___________________
_____________________________{URGE, buyers, PURCHASE) shares is well-chosen, it will
be much easier__________________________________________{MAKE, they, FIND OUT)
everything about the perspective IPO. Sometimes it is good_____________________________
____________________{RISK, TAKE OVER) a bigger competitor but one never knows what
will happen afterwards.__________________________________________{GET USED, USE)
a new brand can be quite difficult for the original staff too. Nevertheless, this has to be done if
the company________________________________________________{SEEM, THREATEN)
the lack of available capital for expansion.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     The teacher__________________about three topics in her presentations.
A: will talk                                                      B: will be talking
C: will have talked                                             D: is going to talk
2.     Wait, I_____________find out when the train______________.
A: will... will arrive                                         B: will... leaves
C: — ... will have left                                        D: am going to ... is arriving
3.     My brother__________________for ten years next April.
A: is going to be married                                B: is married
C: will have been married                               D: will be married
points
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)
Translate the following sentences into English:
Nadcházející primární emise akcií (1 word) nových makléřských firem nepochybně způsobí nadhodnocení ceny akcií takových společností; přehnaně optimistické prognózy předpokládají, že zájem investorů je udrží v popředí po dlouhou dobu. Na druhou stranu pokud zavedené firmy nevylepší v dalším čtvrtletí finanční výsledky, budou čelit tlaku akcionářů, aby získaly víc
28
financí buď zvýšením cen vyráběného zboží, nebo snížením nákladů či dokonce upisováním dalších akcií.
29
UNIT TWELVE - COMPETITION
E> TASK A pod is: (0 to 5 options may be correct) A pod is:
a)  the long narrow part of a bean plant and similar plants that hold the seeds
b)  a piece of writing using beautiful or unusual language arranged in fixed lines that have a particular beat and often rhyme
c)  the part of a space vehicle that can be separated from the main part
d)  the care of feet and the treatment of foot diseases
e)  a small group of sea animals such as dolphins
f)  someone who illegally catches or kills animals, birds, or fish on someone else's property
COURSEBOOK,   p. 103; READING
E> TASK 1   Find in the text the words defined by the following:
Par 1+2
1.___________= not to get involved in sth
2._________________= (adv) is or was sure to happen
3.______________= 1. remove a cloth from sth, 2. show or announce publicly for the first
time
4.______________= to take part in sth and try to win
5._______________= a small profitable segment of the market
Par 3+4
1._____________= invitation or call to take part in a game, fight, etc.; a difficult task
2._____________= imaginable, thinkable
3._____________= clearly, exactly, openly
4._____________________= never having happened, been done or been known before
Par 5+6
1._____________= to sell more than the competitor
2._______________= not able to move or continue doing sth
3.___________________________= to change sth from one form or use to another
4._____________________= dominant, neither traditionally or modern, preffered by the
majority
5.__________= an unexpected change or development (e.g. in a story)
6.______________= to connect to the electricity supply
7._____________= a piece of equipment that is connected to a computer
8._____________= true or invented reason given to explain or defend one's behaviour
Par 7+8
1.___________= lack of vigour, lethargy
2.________= to respect
3._____________= carefully chosen
E> TASK 2 Answer the questions:
1. Who is Steve Jobs?
30
2.  What is cool about the way Mr Jobs behaves each January?
3.  What do Apple products have in common?
4.  How has this January been different from previous Januaries for Mr Jobs?
5.  Which product made Mr Jobs's vision doable?
6.  What seems to be the biggest problem for Apple and what appears to be the solution to it?
7.  What is Mr Jobs's most radical product and what is revolutionary about it?
8.  Why is leaving out peripherals in their new computers a clever move?
9.  What other practical steps have Mr Jobs taken to conquer the global market?
10.  Who leads the market for online music?
COURSEBOOK,   p. 102; LISTENING
E> TASK 1 Translate:
1.        vědět,        kde
trvalý
si        ve        vzahu        ke        konkurentům        stojíte problém                    mnoha                    podniků
3.  přistupovat k problému =_____________________________
4.  pět základních sil mající vliv konkurenční pozici společnosti =
5.  hlavní distribuční řetězec =,
6.  mít manévrovací prostor =.
[£> TASK 2 Complete the gaps with the words you hear:
In practice, Porter's theory is very helpful because it suggests a number of ways that businesses                    can                    build                    barriers                    to                    1^
________________________________________________________(6     words)      d i re et
competition. Among these, there are four which I think are particularly important:  2^
___________________________(  1 word) -  making your product or service unique;
3;________________________(3 words) - getting a cost advantage 4.__________[1
word) your competition;  distribution  - having a  network which gives you access to
markets;   and   !L________________________(2   words)   -   making   it   prohibitively
expensive for your customers to 6._____________________________(4 words) product
or service.
COURSEBOOK,   p. 105; LISTENING
E> TASK 1 Translate:
1.  domácí/národní výrobce motorů do motocyklů =
2.  malý motor projektovaný tak, aby byl vhodný pro kola =
31
3.  řada revolučních automobilu =________
4.  doslova vzít automobilový trh útokem =
E> TASK 2 Complete the gaps with the words you hear:
One of their most 1.___________________
it  2,____________________________________
we
.aircraft engines, and
___________________________________________________       II  see  the  arrival  of
commercial aircraft under the Honda name. A prototype, the Honda Jet, has already flown and with 441 subsidiaries supporting the company's efforts around the world,
Honda   represents  a  3^__________________________________________________.   So
the sky is certainly no limit for them.
COURSEBOOK, p. 105; READING
[£> TASK    Answer the questions
1.  Describe Pixar's beginnings and its core business.
2.  What happened to the company in 1986?
3.  Describe the market position of the company when taken over by Mr Jobs.
4.  Who is Mr John Lasseter and what role did he play in the recovery of the company?
5.  Finding Nemo and The Incredibles are examples of what?
WORKBOOK, READING; p. 49
[£> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  What makes Toyota people different from other people in the automotive industry?
2.  What does Mr Cho attibute the uniqueness of the Toyota culture to?
3.  What is special about the area where the Toyota company grew up? What other famous area of the world is it compared to?
4.  Why did Jim Press leave his previous employer and started working for Toyota?
5.  What was interesting about the cars made in California?
6.  Who is Mr Jones?
7.  What are Toyota's ingredients to success?
WORKBOOK, LISTENING; p. 50
E> TASK Complete the phrases with the words and phrases you hear:
R: Indeed, many people now spend as much time surfing the web as they do with
television, magazines or newspapers, but 1.______________________________product
and price information suddenly available, consumers are unlikely ever to become
2._______________________. Tastes and fashions will differ. Brands are likely to remain
popular.   But 3;_____________________are weakening. A slip or a delay can cost a firm
dearly and 4.________________________________. This i show Apple's iPod !L
__________________________________the market leadership in portable music device.
P: I see, but many firms do not yet seem aware of the (L
32
R: Well, there are some businesses that
T._______________________________________________, and been rewarded for it. Dell
has by-passed retailers and used direct sales to become the world's top supplier of personal computers. The web is also transforming the travel business, giving consumers the power to book flights, hotels and cars directly. And it has allowed hundreds of thousands of small businesses, from mom-and-pop stores to ÍL.
___________________________on eBay, to reach a global market.
P: Of course, and internet search firms such as Google, Yahoo! And MSN are now 9±
________________________________________________offer more localised services.
R: That's right. A service that consumers are sure to 10j______________________. 11.
_________________________, consumers will be able to find a local store and check the
offers from nearby outlets even as they .12._____________________________._ Or listen
to a salesman.
To snap up = popadnout co, skočit po čem, prát s o co
To snatch sthfrom sb = urvat co komu, uchvátit co od koho
WORKBOOK, READING; p. 51 E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  What sort of behaviour has recently become fashionable among bosses in the computer industry?
2.  In which particular instance was this behaviour particularly surprising and why? What is this instance of compared to?
3.  Will the described act of friendliness get reflected in the actual cooperation between the two companies?
4.  What statement of Mr Jobs came as a surprise?
5.  What reasons does Mr Jobs give for quitting his cooperation with IBM and turning to Intel instead?
Resurgence = the return and growth of an activity that had stopped:
6. The termination of cooperation between IBM and Apple will mean serious problems for IBM. T/F
7. The contract with Apple will bring substantial profits to Intel and will dramatically increase their revenue. T/F
8.  Why is the above change risky for Apple?
9.  How would interpret the main message which comes out of the new deal between Apple and Intel?
Review Test
PJI2A
Intelligent Business: Unit 12 - Competition
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)                                               points
A. Translate the following expressions into English:                                                           (2 points each)
33
neslýchaná a doslova ohromující kupní sua -____________________________________________
nevyhnutelně se vyvíjející překážky vstupu (do odvětví) —_____________________________________
neúnavné usilování o dokonalost -____________________________________________________
úspory z rozsahu díky skulině na trhu -_________________________________________________
neúnavné a neustávající kouzlo poselství -______________________________________________
představitelná úprava ziskových marží -________________________________________________
narazit na hlubokou oddanost a rivalitu -_______________________________________________
postupně přepustit distribuční řetězec podřízeným prodejcům -_____________________________
B. Write expressions the following definitions refer to:                                                         (2 points each)
1. the amount of money that a customer needs to spend when they change from one
supplier, system, etc. to another:
2. a  situation  where   a  company  is  in   a position  to  be   more   successful  than  its
competitors; something that helps a company be in this position:
C Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases and translate the selected phrase:               (2 points each)
TRIAL, PRICE TAG, ACCESSORIES, SETBACKS, VOLUME, COURSE OF ACTION
1.         We'll have to overcome a number of_____________________________ before we
become profitable.
In C^ech or Slovak:_________________________________________
2. The_______________________________of orders has exceeded 500 a month, which is an
increase of 27%.
In C^ech or Slovak:_________________________________________
3.  I hope the firm is able to determine its further_______________________________in this
difficult time.
In C^ech or Slovak:_________________________________________
D. Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:                 (1 point each)
SET ASIDE - FIGHT OFF - CONFESS - A TTEMPT ENTITLE- WONDER - WANDER - UNVEIL
1.      None of our subordinates__________________________to sign contracts on behalf
of the firm.
2. Last week IBM finally__________________________to negotiating a new deal with
Apple.
3. Toyota is considering___________________________its new model at the Frankfurt
trade fair.
4.__________________________competition is never easy but you can do it by cutting
costs.
E.  Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                           (1 point each)
1.     We   ______________________________________   welcome   you   at   our   today's
presentation! (HEART)
34
2.     Your activities may have serious __________________________________ for you,
George. (IMPLY)
3.     We        don't        have        enough        people        -        we        are        seriously
___________________________________. (STAFF)
4.      I think Jack should be ______________________________ to impose the critical
decisions. (POWER)
points
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)
A.  Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                       (1 point each)
1.     Toyota and Honda contest__________the leading position on the market.
2.     The sight__________my bank statement scared me.
3.     We have to sell the production and we'll do it__________all costs.
4.      Microsoft has to compete__________Apple on all markets.
5.      Nokia now outsells Motorola's mobile phones__________volume.
6.     The cost__________production is relatively low in this factory.
B.  Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones:     (3 points each)
1.      Greg will buy the shares. The price must go down by 5%.
Greg___________________________as soon as the__________________________________.
2.      Lucy is going to leave for Jamaica. She must be given a visa first.
Lucy_____________________________until________________________________________.
3.     I must finish my studies first. Then I plan to leave the country. I________________________________after________________________________
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prpositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                         (1 point each)
Whenever Apple____________________________________ {CONSIDER, RISK, EXPAND)
its operations abroad in the previous decade, its biggest opponent, Microsoft,________________
_______________________________(ATTEMPT, PERSUADE, buyers, not FOCUS) Apple's
products. It___________________________________________(INTEND, MAKE, customers,
THINK] that its operation system_________________________________________(WOULD,
unable, COOPERATE) Apple's programs. Finally users_________________________________
_________________________(GET USED, PREFER, OFFER) products by Microsoft rather
than by Apple. However, things_____________________________________________(BEGIN,
CHANGE) recently. Nowadays Apple_______________________________________ (DENY,
REFER) as the "always second" player and the company_________________________________
__________________________________(ADVISE, computer users, SWITCH) its software and
hardware. It_________________________________________________________(not, easy, LET,
their systems, WIN) in the future but the preliminary results are promising.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     The bank made its biggest losses_______________________money to unreliable firms.
A: as soon as it has lent                                  B: after it lent
C: when it lends                                              D: whenever it had lent
35
2.     The machine stops making the noise
A: when you will turn it off                                          B: as you turned it off
C: once you turn it off                                    D: as soon as you have turned it off
3.     We___________________you by the time the courses_________________.
A: will call... begin                                         B: are going to call... began
C: will have called ... begun                             D: call... will have begun
points
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)
Translate the following sentences into English:
IBM konečne odhalila své plány uvést v posledním čtvrtletí na zavedený počítačový trh nový model; tento postup zabrání konkurenci v získání konkurenční výhody. Navíc přiostří soupeření mezi dominantními výrobci. Výsledkem je, že konkurenti uposlechli radu poradenské firmy a v zájmu úspor z rozsahu se rozhodli najmout dočasné zaměstnance, aby se vyhnuli podstavu (zaměstnanců), což by mělo vést ke zvýšení objemu produkce, tržeb i ziskových marží.
UNIT THIRTEEN - BANKING
BANKING-INTRODUCTION
E> TASK Give the terms defined by the following:
0._______________= money that an organization such as a bank lends and sb
borrows.
1.___________________=  the cost of borrowing money, usually expressed as a
percentage of the amount borrowed
2.___________________= the price at which one currency can be bought with another.
3._________________= an amount of money that is paid into a bank or savings
account.
4.______________________= the act of taking an amount of money out of your bank
account, a pension plan, etc.; the amount of money that you take out
5.______________________= to take more money out of your bank account than is in
it:
We___________________our account by €100 000.
6.___________________= the amount of money that you owe to a bank when you have
spent more money than is in your bank account; an arrangement that allows you to do this:
We have a €20 million______________with the National Bank.
7.___________________=  a bank account that receives interest on the money put into
it
8._____________________= a bank account that you use to receive payments and pay
bills, for example by cheque
9._________________= an instruction that you give to a bank to pay sb a fixed
amount of money from your account on the same day each week, month, etc:
to set up a__________________; to pay by__________________
10._____________________= an instruction that you give to a bank to pay sb an
amount of money from your account
11.______________________= the official bank of a country, which is responsible for
setting interest rates, controlling the money supply, producing bank notes and keeping the country's supply of foreign currency and gold.
12.______________________= the way a central bank controls the amount of money
in the economy at a particular time, for example by changing interest rates.
13._________________=  to buy shares, property, goods, etc. hoping to make a profit
when you sell them, but with the risk of losing money:
Many small investors lost money__________________on the stock market. He made
thousands (of dollars)___________________in property. Individuals can
_________________short-term price movements.
37
COURSEBOOK, p. 113; READING \E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  Why does Mr de Lesseps lend money to people in poor developing countries?
2.  Who is Mr de Lesseps and what does he do?
3.  What is it an orchard?
4.  What do you know about Mr de Lesseps's company?
5.  What do microfinance institutions specialize in?
6.  How are microcredit loans different from standard loans?
7.  What is it a collateral?
8.  What is the non-payment rate claimed by leading microcredit institutions? Compare it with the non-payment rate in the consumer finance industry.
9.  How much money worldwide is lent to borrowers from developing countries? Does this meet the global demand?
10.  What are the reasons behind Mr de Lesseps's philanthropic ventures?
11.  Mr de Lesseps has been interested and actively engaged in microfinancing for most of his professional life. T/F
12.  What general steps do de Lesseps and his team make when they arrive at a country in need of microfinancing?
13.  What is it irrigation?
14.  Describe an example of microfinancing in a village in Cambodia.
15.  Why is it usually not necessary to ask for collateral when lending money to people in developing countries?
16.  How does the interest rate charged by Mr de Lesseps compare with the interest rate charged by internationally recognized commercial banks and the interest rates charged by local banks in developing countries?
17.  What is it LIBOR?
18.  What is it a benchmark?
19.  According to the estimate of Mr de Lesseps how much of the microfinancing market remains uncovered?
20.  What is Mr de Lesseps's  primary goal?
COURSEBOOK, p. 115; LISTENING
E> TASK In the listening exercise find the translations of the following.
1.  Lidé se nutně musí zajímat o budoucnost takové firmy.
2.  Jak došlo k uzavření smlouvy?
3. Cazenove je báječná instituce, která se může pochlubit všemi ctnostmi starého světa, aniž by zároveň trpěla jeho neřestmi,  (virtue, vice)
4. Konkurenti mu závidí jeho klientelu.
5.  znovu získat kontrolu na značnou částí podnikání Cazenove
6. ... s větší perspektivou v budoucnu.
7. nezávisle stanovená cena
WORKBOOK, p. 55; READING
E> TASK Find the words and phrases in the text described by the following: (The words appear in the article in the same order).
1.________________(adj) = similar to something else and considered to be a copy of it
copycat crimes
2.___________________(adj) = brave enough to do dangerous things
3._________________= what most people believe to be true
4._______________(verb) = 1. to breathe in noisily through your nose, for example
because you have been crying;   2. to smell something
5._________________(verb) = to make someone suffer because they have done
something against the law or against the rules
6._________________(noun) = someone or something that has the same job or
purpose as another person or thing, but in a different country, time, situation, or organization
7._________________(verb) = 1. to quickly increase to a high level; 2. to fly high in
the sky:
8.___________________(verb) = 1. to consider doing something in the future; 2. to
think very carefully about something for a long time
9._____________________(verb) = to fall straight down very quickly from a high
position; syn. to plunge
10._________________________________= to refuse to accept something, especially
because you do not think it is good enough
11._____________________________(verb)= to know about something through a
natural ability or feeling, without being told
12._________________(noun) = a company or an organization that is connected with
or controlled by another larger one
13._________________(noun) = a situation when the edge of one thing fits over the
edge of the other
14.____________________= broken into a lot of separate pieces or parts
E> TASK 2 Complete the gaps with the words you hear:
I have my doubts about the 1._______________________(1 word) of the merger
between UniCredit and HVB, and the challenge of dealing with two different languages
39
and cultures. But two factors 2.________________________(5 words) : HVB's urgent
need to merge and Mr Profumo's 3._______________________(2 words) in forging
UniCredit out of several smaller Italian banks. There is also the advantage that no other
merger 4.___________________(1 word) western and eastern Europe could expect 5.
______________________(4 words) . The success of Bank Austria, which HVB bought
in 2000, show that Gross-border mergers can indeed be successful. What might the next move such be? In the past, Italy's central bank 6.
______________________(3 words) foreign banks wanting to buy in Italy. Now that
UniCredit 7.____________________________(3 words), the central bank might look
more kindly on one of two other 8._____________________(2 words), by the
Netherland 's ABN Amro and Spain 's Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria. The most pressure to merge, though, may be felt by Germany's Commerzbank. Commerzbank has spent the past year cutting costs in investment banking and 9.
______________________________(5 words) as a middle-tier corporate and retail
bank. But it will surely merge soon. 10.___________________________________(5
words) WestLB, a public sector bank.
Deutsche's future is easy to predict. Deusche said no last year 11.
___________________________(7 words) Postbank, a retail bank owned by Deutsche
Post. Now 12.______________________(3 words) that Deutsche is aiming to expand
at home and abroad. Deutsche is among those interested in Banca Comerciala Romana, Romania's biggest bank. Although Deutsche has operations in several central European countries, this would be its first big acquisition in the region.
COURSEBOOK, p. 114; VOCABULARY 2 PRACTICE
E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  Are all people able to take out a loan when they need one?
2.  How can microcredit banks secure investments in situations where no collateral is possible on part of the borrowers?
3.  How can people in developing countries invest their money if their business has taken off the ground?
Review Test
PJI2A
Intelligent Business: Unit 13 - Banking
points
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)
A. Translate the following expressions into English:                                                           (2 points each)
mít pochyby o domnělém vžitém názoru —______________________________________________
úroková míra založená na ohodnocení rizika —__________________________________________
využít potenciál vysoce rizikové půjčky -________________________________________________
úvěrové zdroje jištěné zárukou -______________________________________________________
40
být shovívavý k mikroúvěrům a zadluženosti podniků ■ provést bankovní transakci na pobočce -__________
získat rozsáhlou kontrolu nad spravovaným fondem ■ kótovaná banka pro drobné střadatele -___________
B. Write expressions the following definitions refer to:                                                                (2 points each)
1.     money that is invested in a new company to help it develop or expand, which may involve a lot of risk but can also bring good profits:
2. the activity of controlling a group of investments with the aim of making the most
profit with the least risk:
C Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases and translate the selected phrase:                 (2 points each)
SA VINGS, MONETARY POLICY, CHECKBOOK, AFFILIATE, ASSET MANAGEMENT, COERCION
1.     The biggest investment bank had to close its___________________________because of
its insolvency.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
2. It is illegal to use___________________________to make debtors repay their debts before
they are due.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
3. We provide the service of_______________________________________for investors and
investment funds.
In C^ech or Slovak:______________________________________________
D.  Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:                   (1 point each)
MAKE A HABIT- CHARGE - EXERT- IMPLEMENT ISSUE - PUT FOR WARD - SOAR - SEEK DAMAGES
1.      Monetary policy________________________________by the central bank in this
country.
2.  If you borrow some money, the bank will definitely________________________________
interest.
3. The management_____________________________________a proposal concerning hiring
more staff.
4. Moneylenders frequently_____________________________________their influence on the
interest borrowers have to pay.
E.  Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                              (1 point each)
1.  Stability and prosperity help increase market____________________________. (CREDIT)
2. The bank ______________________________________ that it had made some loss-making
loans. (KNOW)
3. The potential of the Chinese market is still rather___________________________________.
(TAP)
4.  I think the_________________________________will soon be approved of. (ACQUIRE)
41
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)                                     |_____|points
A.  Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                      (1 point each)
1.     Let me talk___________behalf___________the company's management now.
2.     The interest payment___________your loan has to be conducted every month.
3.      Our bank can arrange___________you to borrow a big sum of money.
4.     The institution acts___________a financial adviser___________investments.
5.      Some people in Africa have to live___________less than $5 a month!
6.     The insurance company will approach you___________the damage investigation.
B.  Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones:     (3 points each)
1.     There are many factors that influence the demand. They include price and quality.
There are many factors that influence the demand._____________include price and quality.
2. He presented his view. But a view of this kind was unacceptable for us.
It was clear after his presentation that________________________was unacceptable for us.
3. We produce cars in all colors. However, we are now out of red cars.
We produce cars in all colors. However, we are now out of the________________________.
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prpositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                         (1 point each)
It is always ____________________________________________ (worth, TRY, ATTRACT) new
clients for banks because these will bring money to them. Banks will______________________
______________________(hard, DENY, GIVE priority) rich clients but they can't__________
____________________ {REFUSE, AIM)  others either. ________________________________
______________________(BE USED, TREAT) safe institutions helps them make use of this
reputation and they________________________________________ (START, OFFER) a new
range of banking services. However, banks ____________________________________________
(recent, WARN, clients, AVOID) internet banking since the security has become a problem. It is
obvious  that clients  have  to  ______________________________________________________
(TEACH, and, TRAIN, SECURE) their computers. Anyway, people ____________________
(ENJOY, SPEND, money) various goods and nobody can ______________(PREVENT, they, DO) so.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     You can choose between IBM and Dell.________is cheaper while________looks better.
A: A former ... a latter                                    B: The former ... the later
C: The latter ... a former                                 D: The first... another
2.     Do you like movies? I like especially____________________.
A: the old ones                                               B: old one
C: old ones                                                      D: old those
3.      It's absolutely impossible to hire____________________person.
A: such irresponsible                                      B: such the irresponsible
42
C: such a irresponsible
D: a such irresponsible
points
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)
Translate the following sentences into English:
Jakákoliv fúze nebo převzetí v bankovním sektoru musí být schválena centrální bankou, která kromě toho v rámci měnové politiky dohlíží také na stabilitu měny; jejím hlavním hodnotícím kritériem je inflace, která by neměla trvale překročit úroveň 2 %. To však neznamená, že nemá i další cíle a neposkytuje bankovní služby. Ačkoliv je centrální banka nezávislá na vládě, vede běžné účty státních institucí a provádí platby ze a do státního rozpočtu.
43
UNIT FOURTEEN - TRAINING
COURSEBOOK, p. 121; READING
E> TASK 1 Find in the text the words defined by the following:
0._______________= come together
1._______________=   1. someone who tells secrets about their own country to a
country that is their enemy, 2. someone who is not loyal to their friends, family, or employer
2.___________________= 1. to show or describe someone or something in a particular
way, 2. if an actor__________a person, they play the part of that person in a film, play
tec
3._______________= a secret plan by a group of people to do something bad or illegal,
especially in politics
4.________________= despite what has just been said. The more usual word is
nevertheless.
5.______________= someone who studies a particular subject and knows a lot about it,
especially a subject that is not scientific
6._______________= annually
7._________________= to begin fighting with weapons
8.____________= clever at tricking people or at secretly doing unfair or dishonest
things
9.________________= an advantage or good quality that something has
10._________________= to be similar to an idea of what is usual or normal
11.______________= to say a poem or story that you have learnt to an audience
12.______________= to encourage someone to speak or continue speaking
13.______________= an attitude that you have that makes you treat someone in a
way that is unfair or different from the way you treat other people
14.__________= the belief that people care only about themselves and are not sincere
or honest
15._____________________= the murder of a famous or important person, especially
for political reasons
16.________________= a system for organizing people according to their status in a
society, organization, or other group
17._______________= to force a political leader or a king or queen out of their position
of power
E> TASK 2 Translate:
to assume a prominent place in the field = to seize oportunity =__________________
to raise crucial questions = to escape the notice of = __
44
thorough planning =
\E> TASK 3 Answer the following questions:
1.  What was special about the leadership seminar mentioned? What interesting analogies did this seminar draw?
2.  What did Brutus do?
3.  What were the two reason given to condemn the behaviour of Brutus?
4.  Who are Kenneth and Carol Adelman?
5.  What formats do their seminars have?
6.  What do Adelmans's seminars have in common with other more traditional seminars?
7.  How do Adelmans's seminars try to create the atmosphere of the plays they use in their seminars?
8.  When using Shakespeare's plays do Adelmans always follow the original or adapt it to suit their needs?
9.  What question did the participants of the course raise when discussing the story of Brutus killing Ceasar? What analogies did they draw?
10.  The example of those who deposed Ceasar but failed to consider the consequences of their action is an example of what?
Review Test
PJI2A
Intelligent Business: Unit 14 - Training
II. Vocabulary: (max. 34 points)                                            points
A. Translate the following expressions into English:                                                                  (2 points each)
specializované kurzy vyvinuté zkušenými školiteli —_______________________________________
mít úzké vazby na úsekové ředitele -___________________________________________________
vzít si na starost problematiku špatné docházky -_______
vzbudit zájem účastníků kurzu (1 word) o případovou studii -
ryzí a všestranně rovnostářský přístup -_______________
chopit se příležitosti a vznést otázku -_________________
upravit kurzy vnitropodnikového školení na míru -vydávat rozkazy shromážděným začátečníkům -__
B. Write expressions the following definitions refer to:                                                                (2 points each)
1.      the work of keeping an accurate record of the accounts of a business:
2. a company that expanded its operations worldwide, became a multinational company
and runs its subsidiaries in a number of countries all around the world:
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C Complete the sentence with one of the following phrases; translate the selected phrase:
PAYROLL, DOZEN, TUTOR, PREMISES, VIRTUE, AFTERMATH
1.     The American economy has to deal with the financial crisis.
(2 points each)
of the
In C^ech or Slovak:
2. Students were assigned a. them.
In C^ech or Slovak:________
. to consult their study matters with
i.The
from us.
In C^ech or Slovak:
. includes all the employees and others who get a salary
D. Complete the sentences with correct forms ofthefolhwing verbs; some verbs are not used:
ASCERTAIN- UPDA TE - GET ON TO - STICK TO ACT OUT-SCHEDULE - ENROL - OBEY
(1 point each)
1.     The roles must
2.1    decided
. carefully and honestly.
for    the    course    on    the
development of economic theories. 3. I'd like you______________________
you attended.
4. The classes
all your colleagues on the training course ____for all members of junior
management.
E. Complete each sentence with a word made from the word given in brackets.                              (1 point each)
1.     Management issues include for instance crisis management or _______________________planning. (SUCCEED)
2. It must be  ___________________
company. (KNOW)
3. People              will              believe
that
we   are   a  succe
ssful
you
if              you              speak
(CONVINCE)
4. You'll          have           to           sell          more
to          be           given
commission. (ADD)
points
III. Grammar: (max. 30 points)
A. Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition or adverbial, if necessary:                                       (1 point each)
1.     You should empower_________your subordinate to make some decisions for you.
2. I'll never sign up_________such a class.
3. Tom always has little good to say_________his boss.
4. The BBC analyzed responses_________a standard questionnaire.
5. How would you feel_________participating_________a role-play session?
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6. What does your report refer
B. Rewrite the sentences with the given words so that they mean the same as the original ones:     (3 points each) 1.     John invested all his money although his financial situation wasn't very good.
In spite of______________________________, John_________________________________.
2.1 went to bed early so that I would be able to get up at 5 a.m. I went to bed early to____________________________________________________________.
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3. You weren't at home yesterday so I didn't visit you. __________________________if you_______________
C Put the VERBS and other words in brackets into their correct forms, add prepositions, particles or
auxiliary verbs if necessary. You may need to use the passive forms of the verbs:                         (1 point each)
Training courses enhance the employees' effort______________________________ (LEARN,
COPE) various situations at work. They_____________________________________(TRAIN,
PREPARE) stressful as well as unpleasant situations. A good employee should____________
should people
(able, IMAGINE, USE) new approaches at work and training _____________________(HELP, they, ACHIEVE) this. Many
(recent, PRACTISE, BE responsible) many
areas but they rarely succeed without proper training. Despite
(RECOMMEND, TAKE) courses, consulting firms also suggest ____________________________ (INVITE, staff, OBSERVE) real
decision-making within a company. The management should not
would
(MAKE, workers, ENROL) these classes but ideally the employees ________________________________ (DEMAND, VOLUNTEER,
TAKE PART) them.
D. Choose suitable words or phrases that can complete each sentence. The number of correct answers is 0 — 4.
(2 points each)
1.     The manager resigned
A: since C: despite
2.     The manager resigned
. she was accused of fraud.
B: because D:as
A: despite of being innocent
C: in spite of that she was innocent
3.    The person_____________________
A:, who you met last Monday, C:, that you met on Sunday,
B: even though of being innocent D: although her innocence
. is my boss.
B: you met on Wednesday D: who met you on Tuesday
IV. Translation: (max. 16 points)                                   |_____| points
Translate the following sentences into English:
Tato firma poskytuje rady ohledně vhodného školení a také nabízí praktické zkušenosti od začátečnické po expertní úroveň, což má účastníkům umožnit aplikovat získané znalosti na své pracovní životy. Toho využívají významné firmy, které ví, že je v jejich zájmu převzít plnou odpovědnost za zlepšování klíčových dovedností zaměstnanců, protože oni potom budou pociťovat osobní význam dosaženého úspěchu a jejich uspokojení z práce vzroste.
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UNIT FIFTEEN - CONSULTING
E> TASK Answer the following questions:
1.  What/Who are professional-service firms compared to?
2.  When did the interest in and popularity of those professional-service firms peak?
3.  Did professional-service firms go global only to follow their clients or did they become successful globalisers themselves?
4.  How would you characterize accounting firms in their attempt to go global?
5.  Did/Does the attitude of accounting firms to doing business create problems?
6.  Sarbanes-Oxley Act supports the existence of global professional-service firms and their attempt to offer as a wide portfolio of services as possible. T/F
7. The global attitude of the professional-service firms might not always be the best strategy for winning local clients. T/F
8.  Best services are always offered by big global professional-service firms. T/F
9.  After conquering the local markets, multinationals like to have their own people in managerial positions in foreign countries. This is compared to the behaviour of ancient armies. T/F
10.  Why is it necessary for professional-service firms to be to a certain extent international?
11.  Who/What is Charmed Circle? What do they do differently?
COURSEBOOK, p. 131; READING-VOCABULARY
1.  What were the accounting firms originally hired for? How and why did they diversify?
2.  What is Securities and Exchange Commission?
Securities and Exchange Commission (commonly known as the SEC) is a United States government agency having primary responsibility for enforcing the federal securities laws and regulating the securities industry/stock market. The SEC was created by section 4 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (now codified as 15 U.S.C. § 78d and commonly referred to as the 1934 Act). In addition to the 1934 Act that created it, the SEC enforces the Securities Act of 1933, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and other statutes.
The SEC is composed of five commissioners, no more than three can be from a single political party. Currently the SEC has only three commissioners; chairman Christopher Cox (R), Paul S. Atkins (R), and Kathleen L. Casey (R). [1] At present, the SEC does not have any Democratic commissioners.
[edit] Overview
The SEC was established by the United States Congress in 1934 as an independent, non-partisan, quasi-judicial regulatory agency following years of depression caused by over production of goods, the introduction of
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consumer credit, and the Great Crash of 1929. The main reason for the creation of the SEC was to regulate the stock market and prevent corporate abuses relating to the offering and sale of securities and corporate reporting. The SEC was given the power to license and regulate stock exchanges. Currently, the SEC is responsible for administering six major laws that govern the securities industry. They are: the Securities Act of 1933, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and, most recently, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
The enforcement authority given by Congress allows the SEC to bring civil enforcement actions against individuals or companies found to have committed accounting fraud, provided false information, or engaged in insider trading or other violations of the securities law. The SEC also works with criminal law enforcement agencies to prosecute individuals and companies alike for offenses which include a criminal violation.
To achieve its mandate, the SEC enforces the statutory requirement that public companies submit quarterly and annual reports, as well as other periodic reports. In addition to annual financial reports, company executives must provide a narrative account, called the "management discussion and analysis" (MD&A), that outlines the previous year of operations and explains how the company fared in that time period. Management will usually also touch on the upcoming year, outlining future goals and approaches to new projects. In an attempt to level the playing field for all investors, the SEC maintains an online database called EDGAR (the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system) online from which investors can access this and other information filed with the agency.
Quarterly and annual reports from public companies are crucial for investors to make sound decisions when investing in the capital markets. Unlike banking, investment in the capital markets is not guaranteed by the federal government. The potential for big gains needs to be weighed against equally likely losses. Mandatory disclosure of financial and other information about the issuer and the security itself gives private individuals as well as large institutions the same basic facts about the public companies they invest in, thereby increasing public scrutiny while reducing insider trading and fraud.
The SEC makes reports available to the public via the EDGAR system. SEC also offers publications on investment-related topics for public education. The same online system also takes tips and complaints from investors to help the SEC track down violators of the securities laws.
3.  Where did the SEC see a potential conflict? How did they try to solve it?
4.  How was the attempt of the SEC at solving this problem seen by the accounting industry?
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