12 May

Unit 15

REPORTED SPEECH AND REFERENCE WORDS

In reported speech references to people, places, times and things often change, because the point
of view changes.


'I will install a new printing machine here tomorrow.' he said.   ..........   He said HE would
install new printing machine THERE THE NEXT DAY.

'I've read your book about this eco-efficiency project.' she said.    ..........   She said SHE'd
read MY book about  THAT eco-efficiency project.



See the list to learn the shifts:

people:


I

                                 he / she

you

                                 me

my

                                 his / her

your

                                 my

places:


here

                                 there

times:


now

                                 then, at that time

today

                                 that day, (on Monday)

yesterday

                                 the day before, the previous day

tomorrow

                                 the next day, the following day, (on Monday)

this afternoon

                                 that afternoon

last week

                                 the week before, the previous week

next week

                                 the week after, the following week

a few days ago

                                 a few days before, a few days earlier

current

                                 then

things:


this (report)

                                 that (report)

Exercise 1 - Rewrite the following sentences transforming them into indirect speech:
1. 'I saw your business associate two days ago.' he said.
He said ___________________business associate ___________________.
2. 'The salesman working here is reluctant.' she said.
She said the salesman working   ___________________ reluctant.
3. 'This complainant wishes us to take action now.' they said.
They said  ______________________________________to take action___________________.

4. 'They are expecting a foreign visit tomorrow.' he said.
He said they ___________________a foreign visit  ___________________.


Exercise 2 -Fill in the words used in either direct (D) or reported (R) speech.

1. (D) this  --> (R) ______________

 2. (R) there --> (D) ______________
3. (D) next month --> (R) ______________
4. (D) the day before yesterday --> (R) ______________

5. (R) then --> (D) ______________

6. (R) that day --> (D) ______________

7. (R) the previous week --> (D) ______________

8. (D) current --> (R) ______________

9. (R) before --> (D) ______________

10. (D) a few days ago --> (R) ______________
11. (D) your --> (R)  ______________
12. (D) I --> (R)  ______________
13. (R) the next day  --> (D) ______________
14. (D) this afternoon  --> (R) ______________
15. (D) last year --> (R) ______________
16. (D) the day after tomorrow --> (R) ______________
17. (D) yesterday --> (R) ______________

18. (R) his / her --> (D) ______________
19. (R) me --> (D)  ______________
20. (R) the following day --> (D) ______________


UNIT 15 – definitions

Are the following definitions correct? Find mistakes if necessary and use the correct terms.


1) to get money illegally from a person or an organization by tricking them: FRAUD


2) the process of arranging for sb outside a company to produce goods or provide services for that
company: OUTSOURCE


3) to reduce the number of people who work in a company, business, etc. in order to reduce costs:
DOWNSHIFTING


4) the shares of listed companies, which are considered to be a high-risk and high-yield
investment: BLUE CHIP


5) the work of keeping an accurate record of day-to-day the accounts of a business: ACCOUNTING



6) An organization that makes products under contract for other companies. It caters to the OEM
market and typically owns the intellectual property (IP)  or design for the product itself: The
ODM

7) a report written by an independent specialist for the members of a company after examining a
company’s financial records: AUDIT



U 15 – CB p.132 – Listening 1 (do  not complete before the course is held)

Translate while listening:

podíl na trhu klesá v průběhu posledních pěti let –

je to z části moje vina –

nepodařilo se mi přizpůsobit cenovou politiku –

udělat/provést průzkum/mapování spokojenosti zákazníků –

příjemné zjištění/objev –

ukazuje se, že …–

zvažujeme buďto rozprodávat (zboží) hypermarketu … nebo jim konkurovat –

prosazovat se/ vydělávat (peníze) –

poradit ohledně nejlepšího postupu –

zdražit –

obrátit naruby –

vyplatit se –