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Project preparation and realization
Mgr. Bc. David Póč
Department of Public Economics
Preparation of project – definitions
According the ISO 21 500 norm – project is an unique process based
on the stream of coordinated and managed activities with time limited
boundaries (beginning and end) that is being performed to reach the
defined target that matches the requirements while respecting the
limitations given by time, costs and resources
A project is a sequence of activities with one beginning and one end,
There is always a risk presented.
Basic attributes of a project:
Uniqueness
Limitations (costs, time, sources)
Risks
Project team
Complexity
Organization
Triple Imperative of a project
Targets
Time Costs
Basic example of the successful project realization
The triple imperative of a project is basic tool for the project
preparation/realization
Projects (1) - Team
While project is being prepared/put together – crucial role of a team,
should be up to 20 people, ideally up to 10 people
Working group (long term existence, different sizes, different interests
etc.) vers. Project Team (temporary, limited size, motivation, team
skills etc.)
Dynamics of a team – Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing,
Adjusting and Transforming (PMI, B. Tuckman)
Basic frameworks for the project team – Level of processes, Level of
content, Personal level
Methods of a team work – Brainstorming, DELPHI (estimation
creation), Group solving, Project team meetings
Team roles – THINKERS (innovator, observer, specialist), MOVERS
(former, performer, finisher), KEEPERS (coordinator, sources and
opportunities seeker)
Projects (2) – methods of a team
Brainstorming:
Created – A. Osborne, 1939
„More ides the better“
Group could produce more in the shorter time period then the single individual
Could overcome the specific psychical as well as social barriers (fear from crttics, not
enough self confidence etc.)
Ideas are not to be criticuzed, total freedom, let the ideas „grow“
Rules for brainstorming must be known to the whole team, the method for the ideas
generation must be selected (circle, reaction etc.)
MindMaps
Basic topic in the middle and parts around it
Lines + arrows pointing on relations
Specific words + short terms
Other methods – Occams razor, Fishbone, Paretto principle
Projects (3) – planning/realization
Method of phasing:
Project is divided into the particular phases that are directly or indirectly linked
Within the basic specifications of the phases: phase target, content agenda,
documentation, quality management, project management, milestones terms, costs
Issues of milestones – condition, where the whole group of activities or
linked agenda is fulfilled; milestones do help to put together basic
activities and „group“ them into the bigger entitles
Basic structure of a project:
Hierarchical structure of work – technical specifications of the
organizational schemes
Work specification – there is described a structure of
products/services/outcomes including the relevant persons, terms
etc.
Organization structure – overall functional scheme of the project
Structure (4) – Planing/Realization
Structure of work – WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) concept
Instruments serves for the whole project creation/planning of a
structure
Aim of this method is the breakdown of the whole
project/task/issue into the specific working packages
In the first phase the project is being „broken“ into the working
packages and these are further decomposed into the tasks
(WP/Tasks)
Every WP has its number and also the tasks
The top of the „pyramid“ is the projects itself
Normal 3 – 4 level, basically limitless, but not recommended more
Use of the WBS – H2020 etc.
Benefits – possibility of the project decomposition, tracking of
differences between plan and reality, „targeting“ of all the outcomes –
ability to grasp the particular results.
Thanks a lot for your attention!
Used sources:
PMI Methodology