From entity X in country A to entity Y in country B country A country B division X division Y CIT rate 40% 10% COS for division X 300 600 Selling price for division Y TP scenario a: 550 scenario b: 350 Profit margin 250 50 CIT 100 5 Total CIT 105 Effective CIT 35% scenario a 83% 17% profit split Profit margin 50 250 From country with higher tax burden to country with lower tax burden CIT 20 25 TP is close to COS i.e. 350 vs 300 Total CIT 45 Biggest share of profit stays in country with lower tax burden Effective CIT 15% scenario b 17% 83% profit split Tax saving in case of shift in TP from 550 to 350 is: 133% When stock is acquired/produced in country with high tax burden but sold in country with low tax burden then TP which helps to minimize tax CIT expense will be close to COS of such stock From entity Y in country B to entity X in country A When stock is acquired/produced in country with low tax burden but sold in country with high tax burden then TP which helps to minimize tax CIT expense will be higher than COS of such stock => need to prove that such TP meets arm's length requirements country B country A division Y division X CIT rate 10% 40% COS for division Y 300 600 Selling price for division X TP scenario a: 550 scenario b: 350 Profit margin 250 50 From country with lower tax burden to country with higher tax burden CIT 25 20 TP is far from COS i.e. 550 vs 300 Total CIT 45 Biggest share of profit stays in country with lower tax burden Effective CIT 15% scenario a 83% 17% profit split Profit margin 50 250 CIT 5 100 Total CIT 105 Effective CIT 35% scenario b 17% 83% profit split Tax loss in case of shift in TP from 550 to 350 is: 133%