Introduction Installation Lab
ATOL: Installation of Linux Server
Marek Grac grac@f i.muni.cz
Red Hat Czech s.r.o. / Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University
Advanced Topics of Linux Administration
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
► Please introduce yourself to the rest of the class
Introduction Installation Lab
► Audience — Linux or UNIX system administrators, network specialists and other UNIX or Linux power users
► Prerequisites — Experience in UNIX or Linux at the power user, network operations or system administrator level
► Technical Objective — Train specific concepts and skills at the system administrator level
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
► Foundation: Building Block
► System operations
► Management: Keep It Running
► System level maintenance
► Networking: Connecting
► Establishing and securing
► Services: The Enterprise
Infrastructure and applications
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
Distributions Installing Linux
itribution I
► Desktop-oriented vs. Server-oriented
► Community driven vs. Enterprise
► Rolling updates vs. Certification process
► New versions vs. Backporting
► Fixing security bugs vs. Fixing bugs
► Long term support, paid service requests
► Tools for automatization routine tasks
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Distributions Installing Linux
itribution II
► SOHO segment
► Enterprise segment
► Red Hat Enterprise Linux
► Oracle Unbreakable Linux, CentOS, Scientific Linux
► SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
► Novell Open Enterprise Server Mandriva Corporate Server
► Ubuntu LTS, Debian stable
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
► provide prebuilt software including its dependency information
► solve problem of current version of applications by using central repositories
► dependency problem can be transformed to SAT problem (NP-complete)
DP: Vladimír Beneš - Metody řešení závislostí v moderních distribucích, 2011
► dominant formats: TGZ, RPM, DEB
Marek Grác grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lim
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
SPEC files that includes all the metadata information
► Tools: rpm / yum
► Features:
► DeltaRPM - only binary diff is download from repository (limit bandwitch)
► Support for multilib (mostly 32bit + 64bit) systems
► No interaction required during installation
► Software signed on per-package base using GPG
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
► metadata are included in directory and split into several files
► Tools: dpkg / apt
► Features:
► Interaction during installation (suggestion, basic configuration of network service)
► Usually only repositories are signed with GPG
► Package priorities
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
► Graphical Installation
► VNC based Installation
► Activate with vnc and protect the session with vncpassword— *■ Set network parameters with ip— and netmask—
► Text based Installation Installation over Serial Port (RS-232)
► Used automatically when no graphic card is detected
► Enable with: serial—device
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
► Installation method
► Local CD/DVD ROM, USB Flash disk
► Hard drive
► NFS image
► FTP / HTTP
► Language and keyboard installation
► Disk partitioning
► Bootloader configuration
► Network and time zone configuration
► Package selection
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
► Must select mount points, partition sizes, and file system types in installer
► Typical mount points: /boot, /home, /usr, /opt
► Swap space is typically 2x physical RAM ?
► Mount point / must include /etc, /lib, /bin and /sbin
/boot filesystem about 100MB in size to hold files needed by the BIOS at boot time. The only limitation on /boot is that most boot loaders expect it to be on a normal disk partition or RAID 1 device.
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
itributions tailing Linux
*■ kickstart (RHEL), autoinstall (SLES) Scripted Installation method
► /root/anaconda-ks. cfg is automatically created during install
► system-config-kickstart, ksvalidator Installation methods
► ks boot option have to be used
► linux ks—http:/'/server/'path/to/kickstart *■ linux ks—nfs://server: file
*■ linux autoyast—http:/'/server/'path/to/'autoinst.xml (SLES)
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini
Introduction Installation Lab
► Goals:
► Successfully install selected Linux distribution
► Create a kickstart configuration file and perform automatic installation
Marek Gräc grac@fi.muni.cz ATOL: Installation of Lini