PV207 – Business Process Management
Spring 2015 Jiří Kolář
Process
modeling
Last lecture recap
● Why we need specific methodologies and
methods for BPM-based development?
Last lecture recap
● Why we need specific methodologies and
methods for BPM-based development?
● Top-down vs bottom-up approach
Last lecture recap
● Why we need specific methodologies and
methods for BPM-based development?
● Top-down vs bottom-up approach
● Business analysis
○ Vision and mission
Last lecture recap
● Why we need specific methodologies and
methods for BPM-based development?
● Top-down vs bottom-up approach
● Business analysis
○ Vision and mission
○ Goals and objectives
Last lecture recap
● Why we need specific methodologies and
methods for BPM-based development?
● Top-down vs bottom-up approach
● Business analysis
○ Vision and mission
○ Goals and objectives
○ Metrics, KPIs, KRIs
Lecture overview
● Why modeling?
● Process
development roles
● Modeling notations
● Workflow modeling
● BPMN 1.1
● BPEL
● BPMN 2.0
● BPMN 2.0
○ Object classes
■ Activities
■ Events
■ Gateways
■ Connecting
objects
■ Artifacts
○ Process types
○ Examples
● BPMN method and style Bruce Silver,
○ ISBN 20099780982368107
○ 30$, kindle 13,80$
● BPMN 2.0 poster
○ http://www.bpmb.de/images/BPMN2_0_Poster_EN.pdf
● Signavio modeler – academic licence
○ http://academic.signavio.com/p/login
● BPMN official OMG website
○ http://www.bpmn.org/
BPMN 2.0 Information sources
image taken from: http://www.bpmb.de/images/BPMN2_0_Poster_EN.pdf
● Elegant way to express structure of a process
● Visual models are easily understandable by
all participants of the development cycle
● Minimise the misunderstandings during the
transformation from analytical description to
the executable implementation of the
process
● Covers nested structure (sub-processes)
● Covers inter-process/inter-system interactions
● Pictures are fun
Why process modeling?
Roles in development cycle
● Business Analyst
○ Sum business strategy
○ Describe goals & objectives, KPIs
○ Describe processes
○ Design BPMN diagrams (Level 1)
● Process specialist
○ Design BPMN diagrams (Level 1,2,3)
○ Design monitoring models
● Process developer
○ Detail BPMN Level 3
○ Implement services and deploy processes
Roles in development cycle
Modeling notations
● BPMN 1.0 – 1.1
○ Analytical modeling, not tight with semantics,
not executable
○ XPDL semantics
● BPEL
○ Technical modeling, very detailed
○ service orchestration, executable
● BPMN 2.0
○ Analytical modeling (Level 1,2)
○ Defined semantic – executable (Level 3)
BPMN 2.0 Three levels
● Level 1 (Structure)
○ Captures basic structure of the process
○ Business experts <=> analysts/developers
● Level 2 (Analytical)
○ More details of process behaviour
(interactions, events, timing)
○ Process analysts <=> Process developers
● Level 3 (Executable)
○ Specifies all used services and activity tasks
○ “”(Process developers <=> Process engine) “”
BPMN 2.0 Three levels
● Level 1 (Structure)
○ Captures basic structure of the process
○ Business experts <=> analysts/developers
● Level 2 (Analytical)
○ More details of process behaviour
(interactions, events, timing)
○ Process analysts <=> Process developers
● Level 3 (Executable)
○ Specifies all used services and activity tasks
○ “”(Process developers <=> Process engine) “”
Model quality aspects
● Validity against BPMN specification
○ Wrong connections of the flow
○ Missing start/end
○ Wrong used gateways
● Model understandability
○ Reasonable naming of activities
○ Reasonable amount of connections/gateways/activities
● Expressiveness
○ How it reflects the situation in real world
○ Granularity of activities
● Compliance to the modeling best practices
○ Modeling style (Seminars & third modeling lecture)
Homework Assignments
○ This week seminar:
■ L1 Homework assignment deadline this friday
○ Next week seminar:
■ You receive corrected homeworks
■ L2 Homework assignment
● Homework submission
○ Submit printed version to the box called "PV207"
next to entrance to room D1, before deadline
○ Submit electronic version
■ Export to PNG in Signavio, submit to IS MUNI to folder
"homeworks" as <surename>_bpmn.png , before deadline
Questions?
Break 10mins
Feedback
BPMN 2.0 (Level 1)
Object classes
● Flow Objects
○ Event
○ Activity
○ Gateway
● Connecting
Objects
○ Sequence Flow
○ Message Flow
○ Association
● Artifacts
○ Data Object
○ Group
○ Annotation
● Swimlanes
○ Pool
○ Lane
1. Customer creates an Order
2. Order is reviewed by Sales
2.1. If price of the Order is lower than 40 000$, it is
accepted
2.2. If price is over 40 000$ it have to be confirmed by
Financial department
2.3. Order can be rejected by the department
3. Otherwise the order is processed
BPMN 2.0 – Process example
Flow object - Activity
● Represent certain step, an activity
● Types of activity
○ Atomic activity = Task
○ Complex activity = Subprocess
● Types of task
picture from: http://www.processmodeling.info/posts/highlights-from-bpmn-2-0-activity-types/
Connecting Objects
● Process sequence flow
○ Define order of activities
● Message flow
○ Does not influence the process flow !
○ Message flow between two objects
● Association
○ Does not influence the process flow !
○ Connect objects with artifacts (labels,data objects..)
Flow object - Event
● Represent event that occur in a process
● Have impact on process flow
● Types
○ Start
○ Intermediate
○ End
○ Extended (Level 2)
Flow objects - examples
Flow object - Gateway
● Stands for flow branching or join of
branches
● Types
○ Exclusive data-based (XOR)
○ Exclusive event-based
○ Inclusive
○ Paralel
○ Complex
● Default branch
Gateway examples
Gateway examples II
Artifacts
● Additional information
● Do not affect flow
● Data Objects
○ Data used in activities
○ Inputs and outputs of activities
● Annotation
○ Label, additional information
● Groups
○ Grouping of objects
(analytical/documentation reasons)
Artifacts - examples
Swimlanes – Pools/Lanes
● Pool
○ Represent a participant in a process
○ Show message flows between participants
● Lane
○ Subdivision of pool
○ Express roles, departments or actors in a
process
Pool/examples
Pool/examples
Private (Internal) Process
● From point of view of one organisation
● Activities are not visible to outside world
● One pool (the pool can be omitted)
Abstract (Public) Process
● Only activities that send/receive
messages
● Communication visible to outside world
Collaboration (Global)
Process
● Collaboration between business entities
● Activities represent message exchange
FIN
Questions?
PV207 – Business Process Management
Spring 2012 Jiří Kolář