PB138 - Modern Markup Languages and Their Applications

Tomáš Pitner, Luděk Bártek, Lukáš Grolig

Week 01 - XML, DOM, XML Schema and Validation

Tomáš Pitner

Course info: Organisation

  • Lecture 2h/weekly
  • Seminar 2h/weekly
  • Bonus materials

Course info: Evaluation

  • Up to 33 points from iterations (for completing assignments of the semestral project with the best effort and clean code).
  • Up to 42 points for your team project (for creating a complex solution, dividing work, and collaborating with others).
  • Up to 25 points for exams (the final ROPOT contains all the topics from the semester)
  • Final Exam is a ROPOT (Odpovedník)
  • Weekly ROPOTS to test the knowledge from seminars and lectures (Voluntary)
Grade Points
A 100-94
B 93-88
C 87-82
D 81-76
E 75-70
Z 100-60
F 0-69
N 0-59

Course info: Iterations

  • Merge requests on Gitlab
  • Published weekly except 7th, 14th week
  • 11 Iterations in total

Course info: Team project

  • 3-4 Members across seminar groups
  • Presented by the team at the end of the semester (10 min)
  • Application with frontend and backend
  • Peer review by other groups
  • Additional information will be published during the semester

Outline

  • What are Markup languages?

  • Introduction to XML, Basics, Standards and Usage

  • DOM: Document Object Model

  • XML Schema and Validation

What are Markup languages?

Formal (computer) languages that allow to use in addition to the normal text in natural languages also syntactically distinguishable constructs. Specifying the structure of the text, the meaning of parts, etc. That allows the text to store its metadata (information about the origin, content, authorship, dating, rights used …​)

  • Markdown, AsciiDoc, Mediawiki format, TeX...
  • Languages for the web: HTML, XML, XHTML, …​
  • Languages for page description for printing and presentation, namely PostScript or PDF have similar characteristics (text + markup or commands)
  • Formatting tools for the UNIX-like systems nroff, troff.

Example of Markup languages

## Hello World
This is text

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
   <book id="bk101">
      <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
      <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
      <genre>Computer</genre>
      <price>44.95</price>
      <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
      <description>An in-depth look at creating applications 
      with XML.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk102">
      <author>Ralls, Kim</author>
      <title>Midnight Rain</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
      <price>5.95</price>
      <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
      <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, 
      an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen 
      of the world.</description>
   </book>
</catalog>

What is XML?

  • XML is a standard by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) consortium prescribing how to create markup languages.

  • It is, therefore, a metalanguage.

  • It is ideologically based on older standards (SGML Structure Generalized Markup Language) — XML can be seen almost as a subset of SGML.

  • There are several other standards closely related to XML, such as XML Namespaces, XInclude, XML Base, XML Infoset.

  • These standards, together with others (XSLT, XSL-FO, XHTML, CSS, …​), form a "family" of XML standards.

Why XML?

XML Basics

DOM - Document Object Model

XML Elements

XML - examples

XML Schema

XML Validation

Cvičenia aj prednášky sú dobrovoľné. Dôležité je odovzdať iterácie včas. V rámci bonusových materiálov máme k dispozícii aj demo projekt, ktorý je robený od podlahy Lukášom Groligom. K dispozícii budú aj iné doplnkové materiály z iných rokov.

Finálny odpovedník bude pozostávať z látok naučených počas semstra. Študenti majú možnosť si látku zopakovať nepovinným týždenným odpovedníkom.

Iterácie sa odovzdávajú na maximálne 2x. V prvom odovzdaní, študent dostane časť bodov zopovedajúcu odovzdanej práci. Následne, ak sú tam chyby, má možnosť si ich opraviť a tým získať plný počet bodov. Študenti pracujú na svojej branchy, vypracované riešenie pushnú do repozitára a následne vytvoria merge request. Tieto iterácie sa týkajú látky prebranej na prednáške, sú vždy o týždeň posunté. Teda tí, ktorý majú v pondelok cviká, sa nemusia báť, že by o niečo prišli. Publikované sú týždenne avšak je tam pauza siedmy a jedenásty týždeň.

Tímový projekt sa skladá z 3-4 študentov ukončený bude prezentáciou na 10 min.

Tento rok sa časť s XML, trošku skrátila. Preberú sa základy XML a jeho validácie.