from collections import deque


# STACKS

def push(stack, element):
    stack.append(element)


def pop(stack):
    return stack.pop()


def top(stack):
    return stack[-1]


# Postfix calculator
def evaluate_postfix(expr):
    stack = []
    for token in expr.split():
        if token.isnumeric():
            push(stack, int(token))
        else:
            b = pop(stack)
            a = pop(stack)
            if token == '*':
                push(stack, a * b)
            elif token == "/":
                push(stack, a // b)
            elif token == '+':
                push(stack, a + b)
            else:
                push(stack, a - b)
    return top(stack)


print(evaluate_postfix("8 7 * 6 5 + 2 * +")) # 78
print(evaluate_postfix("6 5 -")) # 1
print(evaluate_postfix("15 7 1 1 + - / 3 * 2 1 1 + + -")) # 5
print()


# DEQUE

# Hot potato game
def hot_potato(namelist, k):
    count = 0

    print("The players are ", end="")
    for name in namelist[:-1]:
        print(name, end=", ")
    print(namelist[-1])

    q = deque(namelist)
    while len(q) > 1:
        current = q.popleft()
        count += 1
        if count%k != 0:
            q.append(current)
        else:
            print(current + " is a hot potato")
            print("Remaining players are ", end="")
            for name in list(q)[:-1]:
                print(name, end=", ")
            print(list(q)[-1])

    print("The winner is " + q[0])


hot_potato(["Bill", "David", "Susan", "Jane", "Kent", "Brad", "Sam"], 7)
print()


# Dictionary

# Dictionary representing the morse code chart
MORSE_CODE_DICT = { 'A':'.-', 'B':'-...',
                    'C':'-.-.', 'D':'-..', 'E':'.',
                    'F':'..-.', 'G':'--.', 'H':'....',
                    'I':'..', 'J':'.---', 'K':'-.-',
                    'L':'.-..', 'M':'--', 'N':'-.',
                    'O':'---', 'P':'.--.', 'Q':'--.-',
                    'R':'.-.', 'S':'...', 'T':'-',
                    'U':'..-', 'V':'...-', 'W':'.--',
                    'X':'-..-', 'Y':'-.--', 'Z':'--..',
                    '1':'.----', '2':'..---', '3':'...--',
                    '4':'....-', '5':'.....', '6':'-....',
                    '7':'--...', '8':'---..', '9':'----.',
                    '0':'-----', ',':'--..--', '.':'.-.-.-',
                    '?':'..--..', '/':'-..-.', '-':'-....-',
                    '(':'-.--.', ')':'-.--.-'}
MORSE_DECODE_DICT = {value:key for key, value in MORSE_CODE_DICT.items()}

# Encoder to Morse
def text2morse(message):
    cipher = ''
    for letter in message:
        if letter.upper() in MORSE_CODE_DICT:
            cipher += MORSE_CODE_DICT[letter.upper()] + ' '
        elif letter == " ":
            cipher += ' '
    return cipher


# Decoder from Morse
def morse2text(message):
    text = []

    for word in message.split("  "):
        text.append("".join([MORSE_DECODE_DICT[code] for code in word.split()]))

    return " ".join(text)


send = "Hello World, it's a nice day."
print(send)
msg = text2morse(send)
print(msg)
print(morse2text(msg))
print()


dummy = """Monty Python and Monty Python all over here."""


# Letter frequency analysis of a text
def freq_analysis(text):
    letters = {}
    for letter in text.lower():
        letters[letter] = letters.get(letter, 0) + 1

    for k in sorted(letters, key=letters.__getitem__, reverse=True):
        print(str(k) + ": " + str(letters[k]))

freq_analysis(dummy)
print()


# Word frequency analysis of a text
def word_freq(text):
    text = "".join(char for char in text if char.isalpha() or char.isspace())
    word_list = text.lower().split()

    freq = {}
    for word in word_list:
        freq[word] = freq.get(word, 0) + 1
    return freq


def output_word_freq(text):
    freq = word_freq(text)
    my_list = [(freq[word], word) for word in freq]
    my_list.sort(reverse=True)
    print("Word frequencies, sorted from the most frequent:")
    for count, word in my_list:
        print(count, word)


output_word_freq(dummy)
print()


# Sets


# Checking whether the elements of tem are unique
def unique_check(temp):
    return len(temp) == len(set(temp))


print(unique_check([1, 5, 6, 5, 4, 9])) # False
print(unique_check([1, 5, 6, 3, 9])) # True
print()


# Checking validity of a sudoku line
def sudoku_line_check(line):
    return set(line) == set(range(1, 10))


print(sudoku_line_check([1, 2, 8, 9, 3, 5, 6, 7, 4])) # True
print(sudoku_line_check([1, 2, 8, 9, 3, 5, 7, 4])) # False
print(sudoku_line_check([1, 1, 2, 8, 9, 3, 5, 7, 4])) # False
print(sudoku_line_check([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])) # False