SAGITTAL PLANE 180c
0° Neutral
90c
FRONTAL PLANE 180°
■ r>0
B
0° Neutral
HORIZONTAL PLANE 180°
Neutral 0°
130'
Neutral 0°
Internal rotation (inward]
External rotation (outward]
90ů
90c
External rotation (outward)
0°
Neutral
Internal rotation (inward)
90°
180°
a.                                                          b.                                                           c.
Figure C.6     Range of shoulder joint (gJenohumerai) motion: (a) starting position; (b) abduction; (c) sideward-upward elevation of arm (combining abduction of arm and upward rotation of scapula).
Adduction
(retraction)
Elevation
B
C

■H

i:r:
:      :   '        :        ■;::.:■ —.:   '  ■ ■      ';-'   '■■{:'   "i
.   " ■
J-l .IS
HiiílllSííi
Upward rotation
Downward rotation
Rhomboids Trapezius Levator scapulae
Rhomboids Trapezius Levator scapulae
Serratus Anterior Pectoralis minor
Trapezius Pectoralis minor
150ü.
180s
..f      Neutral
"l0° Hyperexíension
150°
130ň
Neutral
90°    90c
B
B
Extension [dorsiflexion
Neutral 0C
Flexion
(palmar-fiexion)
90
Radial deviation
Neutral
0°
Ulnar deviation
B
120'
0° Neutral
FLEXION
B
30° or less
0° Neutral
EXTENSION
30° or less
0C Neutral
90° 90s
0° Neutral
ABDUCTION
0°
Neutral
ADDUCTION
90<
Internal rotation (media
0C Neutral
90°
45f
Externa rotation
Externa! rotation (lateral)
90c
Prone
Neutral 0°
Supine
Neutral 0°
nternal  External rotation   rotation
90° 90
Internal
rotation
ROTATION
135«
Hyperextension
0° Neutral
9r~
20c      <JV
Inversion
Eversion
Neutra Flexion      ,     Extension 45
90°
Neutral
0fl
B
Metatarsophalangeal   Interphalangeal joint                             joint
60°
Flexion
Distal interphalangeal joint
Extension 40°
Abduction Abduction
Abduction Abduction
Proximal                       Metatarsophalangeal
interphalangeal joint                           joint
Toe spread
DorsifJexion
Eversion
and abduction
(pronation)
Plantar flexion
inversion
and
adduction
(supination)
a.
b.
Lying prone
0° Neutral
20<
0° Neutral
Figure Cl 1     Range of motion in the thoracic and lumbar spine: (a) hyperextension; (b) lateral flexion.