Fi AidFirst Aid Mgr Zdeňka Kubíková Cold Exposure Mgr. Zdeňka Kubíková Bc. Barbora Zuchová and others Damage of organismDamage of organism Local frostbites General hypothermia Frostbites they are caused by very cool environs on Frostbites they are caused by very cool environs on exposed part of the body (mostly fingers, nose, chin, ears) or by touch ofg , , , ) y very cool object liquid nitrogen, ice directly on skinq g , y Frostbites affected tissues are firstly pale waxy Frostbites affected tissues are firstly pale, waxy white, blue spots could proceed stage by stage they get black could be blistersstage, they get black, could be blisters fi tl d d ti i i th l ffirstly ador and stinging pain, then loss of sensibility, white numb skin Frostbites First aid in the field Frostbites replace clothing hot liquids to drink warm with body heat (don´t rub) return of sensibility till 10 min.? YES continue in trip NO go into the nearest shelter Frostbites First aid indoor Frostbites put off the rings!!! expose affected parts, if you can warm bath 40°C + Betadine or Iodine disinfectant enough liquidsenough liquids due to range of frostbites call EMS 155 check on vital signscheck on vital signs www.horosvaz.cz we recommend!!! FrostbitesFrostbites www.perun.cz Hypothermia is caused by very cool environs on organism; Hypothermia y y g ; wind makes the effect much greater!!! general hypothermia of organism gradual fall of physical temperature leads togradual fall of physical temperature leads to slow down of vital signs, then to death In winter homeless (the most endangered group of people), mountain li bclimbers Near drowner both in summer (!!!) and in winterin winter Hypothermia Stages: Hypothermia Stages: firstly casualty has shivering fit, clammy, l d k g pale, dry skin then shivering fit ends, inadequate behaviour starts slow apathicbehaviour starts, slow, apathic ... unconsciousness Final stage: slowmotion of pulse rateFinal stage: slowmotion of pulse rate and breathing... cardiac arrest HypothermiaHypothermia picturep Defensive mechanism Conation to maintain maximal physicala a p ys ca temperature Keggenhoff, 2006 Hypothermia Due to consciousness level give to casualty hot Hypothermia Due to consciousness level give to casualty hot liquid, hot chocolate... care about heat comfort isolate from thecare about heat comfort isolate from the ground + cover the casualty if it beginns inadequate, slow, apathicg q , , p behaviour don´t move with casualty dialling of EMS 155 check on vital signs