s**™*^ ^AíNASTvO* *" First Aid Thermal Injuries Mgr. Zdeňka Kubíková Be. Barbora Zuchová and others Prevention Srnský,2004 Damage of organism ■ as a result of working of extreme temperatures, radiation, electric current (including lightning strike) ■ Local - burns, scalds, sunburn ■ General - sunstroke Evaluating of local damage ■ degree and area of damage is important Degrees of burns Epidermis j Dermis í L Hypodermis • i_^L First degree burn Second degree burn Third degree burn Upraveno dle HATIAM ,2008 Evaluation Danger of shock ill ■ Child 0-2 years 2 % - 5 % j ■ Adult 16 - 70 years 20 % ■k Y n 11 1%] ■ Stelzer, 2007 Burns k 4M \'"■ ^B Sř^ ' li M A y \ www.iipqsuKce.cz i 1st. and 2nd. degree burn Burns 3. degree burn Burns 3.degree burn Burns - consecutive care First Aid - principles ■ technical First Aid ■ dialling of EMS ■ check on vital signs ■ then care about burned areas ■ cooling down only to 5 % of burned area of the body - location face, neck, hands, genitals ■ water temperature 4-8°C ■ sterile dressing First Aid - process extinguish fire, remove clothing (don't remove any clothing that sticks to burn) removal of heat conductors (rings, bracelets etc.) cooling down (cold running water - 20 min.), don't cool down the whole body! -£ sterile dressing ja don't break blisters r,S don't lubricate any ointments r^^Sv measures against shock C " Doctor - visit with all consequential degrees - more than 1% Sunstroke x Sunburn Sunstroke Sunburn Hasik, 2004 Sunburn ■ working of sun-rays directly on head and nape ■ local hyperthermia of head, hyperthermia of brain and its covers Symptoms: high body temperature, by children - convulsions, unconsciousness Sunstroke ■ working of closed surrounding environment, which is warmer than body temperature (boiler-rooms, kitchens etc.) ■ general hyperthermia of organism -> the body can't cool itselves Symptoms: headache, red - dry skin, high body temperature, loss of consciousness Sunstroke + sunburn First Aid ■ Lay the casualty down in a cool, shaded area ■ dialling of EMS ■ check on vital signs ■ cooling down - not on the chest! Electric current accident ■ safety of the rescuer ■ technical First Aid: disconnect lead of electric current First Aid: www.detstvibezurazu.cz always dial EMS - conscious casualty without obvious signs of injury, could have a serious damage of the heart conscious casualty - treatement of the burn, half-sitting position unconscious casualty - not breathing - start CPR - GL 2005 Prevention of high voltage accidents | REMEMBER! Even without direct contact with electric current, life - threatening injury could happen (step voltage). Illustrated