Non-accidental Cases Hearth attack § Interrupted supply of oxygen to the heart muscle Symptoms: § chest pain (typical gripping chest pain, spreading to the neck, upper limbs, abdomen) § nausea, vomiting, sweating, restlisness, fear of death, breathlessness (dyspnoea) First aid § dialling of EMS § keep the casualty calm § half-sitting position § don´t give any liquids By treated patients ask about drugs actively. Appeal for apply of glyceryltrinitrate (GTN) – in spray or a tablet. Cerebellar apoplexy (stroke) § interrupted supply of blood into the brain – ischaemia § hemorrhage involving a vessel of the brain § various stages of relevance Symptoms: from confusion, paralysis of the part of body, aggravation of communication, dizzinesses, (reminds drunkenness) up to immediate death First aid § check on vital signs § consciouss patient – absolute calmness, without motion!!! § unconscious patient… § immediate dialling of EMS 155 Asthmatic attack Asthma bronchiale is chronic inflammatory disease of airways, appearing by bronchiostenosis during attack Diabetes mellitus Hyperglycaemia § not yet treated or worse treated patient § coma within decades of hours and days Hypoglycaemia § after apply of insulin the patient doesn´t eat or does the sport inadequately, eventually applies more quantity of insulin § coma within decades of minutes! First aid – Diabetes mellitus Symptoms: failure of consciousness, faint smell from the mouth, hunger, headache, weakness, motory distress, sweating, nausea First aid: we suppose hypoglycaemia § conscious – sweet drink or sugar, eat after that! § unconscious – check on vital signs EMS 155 NEVER GIVE INSULIN Sudden abdominal incidence § acute event of several causes Symptoms: § planary or localized pain, often shocking § boardy contractures of muscles of abdominal paries (not allways) § vomiting, weaker pulse, progress of shock, diarrhoea, sometimes temperature Sudden abdominal incidence First aid: § dialling of EMS 155 or visit of emergency § don´t give any liquids § favourable position Never give drugs for damping of pain!!! Convulsionary forms Epilepsy, hyperthermia of organism, head injuries, febrile spasmus, poisonings and others Symptoms: § failure of consciousness, inability of communication § during the great attack spasmus and subsultus of the whole body, high risk of general injury, possible of enuresis, defile and foam by mouth Convulsionary forms First aid: § avoid from accidental injuries – especially with head, without force..! § don´t put anything into the mouth § after attack – check on vital signs § by febrile convulsions (children from 6 months to 5 years) reduce fever by tepid dressing. Apply in to groins and armpits. Never on the chest. Collapse – fainting § sudden failure of consciousness § coming up from the low level of blood in the brain from various causes – e.g. by fatigue, exhaustion, shock, rapid standing, dehydration etc. Collapse – fainting First aid: § fresh air, relieve clothing, § position, check on vital signs Allergic reaction § after insects stings (bee, wasp), food and other allergies And by sensitive persons to allergies could occur closure of the airway with swelling Symptoms: § breathlesness during inspiration, cough, § then cyanosis, itching, nettle rash, nausea, anaphylactic shock First aid: § Emergency Medical Service 155, cooling down Increases percentage of sensitive persons to allergies in overall population!! Hyperventilation Cause: forms with rapid breathing, which leads into a loss of the carbon dioxide level and to characteristic convulsions (tetany) Remember! As early as the patient is in the ambulance car, the crew afford him professional care.