Opakování na zkouškový test nk2100 Podzim 2014, jaro 2015 TASK 1 You will hear an expert presenting the topic of exercise and asthma. Complete the gaps in the summarising sentences with one word in each case. You will hear the recording twice. 1. Asthma is a chronic disease of the ________________ . 2. In extreme cases asthma attacks can be ____________ . 3. Asthma affects _____________ million people worldwide. 4. There is no ____________ for asthma, only treatment of symptoms. 5. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a big _____________, but it can be overcome. 6. Asthmatics can become very ___________ . 7. Asthmatics should pick an exercise that does not put _______________ on your breathing. 8. Generally, low _______________ activities are more easily tolerated. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oi_bJXG7MyE TASK 2 Words in Context (8 points) Read the following text and fill in the gaps with suitable words from the list. You do not have to change the form of the words. There are 2 words you do not need to use. skills joints considered injury enhanced avoid requires strength reacts knowledge The optimum design of sports equipment __________ the application of a number of disciplines, not only for ___________ performance but also to make the equipment as user-friendly as possible from the standpoint of __________ avoidance. Clearly, this design includes materials science, mechanical engineering, and physics; however, ___________ of anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics is also necessary. Biomechanics can be simply defined as the science of how the body _________ to internal and external forces. Thus, it is an attempt to apply the basic laws of physics and mechanics to the ____________, ligaments, and tissues of the body as they are subjected to loading. In designing sports equipment, the various characteristics of materials must be ___________. Among these characteristics are _____________, density, fatigue resistance, toughness, modulus (damping), and cost. TASK 3 Reading Seven parts of sentences have been removed from the text below. Choose from the removed parts (A-F) the one which fits each gap. Write the appropriate letter next to a number, e.g. 4A. A) the client is overtrained or at risk of becoming overtrained B) carries a risk of overtraining C) some immediate changes in the program D) who is extremely motivated E) to perform well and concentrate F) or overload, the physiological systems G) work, home, social interactions, and training load A basic principle of training is to stress, (1) ________. Positive stress causes the body to respond with, for example, increases in strength, muscular endurance, or cardiorespiratory capacity. The basic training principle of using progressive increases in overload (2) ________. Overtraining is a combination of stress that is experienced through (3) _______. It can lead to exhaustion and injury. You must avoid overtraining the client by first placing work and recovery cycles into the plan and then altering the training program when it becomes apparent that _________. Susceptibility to overtraining can result from a combination of a hard-driving trainer and a client (5) __________. The underlying causes of overtraining are a combination of emotional and physical factors. Although the symptoms of overtraining may vary greatly from one individual to another, the most common are feelings of heaviness and the inability (6) _______. Working out is no longer a joy. If you believe this situation exists, it is time to make (7) ______. TASK 4 Translations Translate into English: Zdravá výživa Natažené svaly Rozsah pohybu Tréninková jednotka – trénink Srdeční frekvence TASK 5 Grammar Transform the sentences so that they have the same meaning as before. 1. The lecture was really confusing for the students. The students were really ………………………. after the lecture. 2. It is not necessary for you to leave now. You …………………………………… leave now. 3. I don´t think it was a good idea to be rude to them. I think you shouldn´t …………………………………….……….. rude to them. 4. I am absolutely sure she won the match. She must ……………………………… the match. 5. She enjoys her work although her salary is bad. She enjoys her work despite ………………………………… . 6. If you don´t want to leave, we can stay a bit longer. Unless ……………………………, we can stay a bit longer. 7. I didn´t have any money and that´s why I didn´t go on holiday last year. If I ……………………………, I ……………….…………… on holiday last year. 8. The scientists have developed a new drug. The new drug …………………………………….…by scientists. TASK 6 Phrasal verbs Complete the gaps with suitable phrasal verbs from the list. Change the form when necessary. There is one verb you do not need to use. put on work out bring up look into give in stand out 1. A team of experts will __________________ the problem. 2. I _________________ several kilos recently. 3. One of the points _______________ as being more important than the rest. 4. She is a well __________________ child. 5. You should _______________ regularly to keep fit.