PHYSIOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE Martina Bernaciková Building E34/office n. 240 Office hours: Tuesday: 13.00 – 15.00 Friday: by prior arrangement bernacikova@fsps.muni.cz srdce Ana Carolina Paludo paludo@fsps.muni.cz Tereza Brůžová paludo@fsps.muni.cz LESSONS •Wednesday • •Time: •9.00 – 10.40 •Buliding E34, Classroom 203 •Laboratory A33/130 • Conditions for completing: •Attendance (max. 3 absence) •Worksheets •Written test (about 20 closed questions) Content of lessons 1 13.2. Introduction to physiology of sport and exercise. 3 20.2. Structure and function of skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle and exercise. 4 27.2. Metabolism, energy and basic energy systems. Metabolic adaptation to training. 5 6.3. Structure and function of cardiovascular systém, cardiovasular response and adaptation to exercise. 6 13.3. Structure and function of respiratory system, respiratory response and adaptation to exercise. 7 20.3. Structure and function of the nervous system. Neuromuscular adaptation to training. 8 27.3. Endocrine glans and their hormones. Hormonal response and adaptation to training. 9 3.4. Thermoregulation. Responses and acclimatization to exercise in hot and cold environments. 10 17.4. Body composition. 11 24.4. Overtraining syndrome + monitoring training and performance in athletes. 12 15.5. Spiroergometry + Written test. Introduction to physiology of human and physiology of sport and exercise The physiology of human is concerned with the study of functions of the organ systems. The physiology of exercise deals with the study of an organism in the course of a movement activity. It studies functional changes taking place during the physical exercise. FACTORS OF ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE TECHNIQUE • Special Skills • Movement Skills TACTIC • Analytic Abilities • Tactical Thinking • Foresight PSYCHE • Motivation • Emotion • Adaptation SOMATIC FACTORS • Somatotype • Height, weight, %fat • Muscle fibers (SO, FG) http://www.kayphotography.at/img/sportsInet.jpg MOTOR ABILITIES • Speed (max. speed, reaction, …) • Strength (max. strenght, isometric, …) • Endurance (speed, strenght endurance, …) • Coordination • Flexibilty • ANT • VO2MAX • Economy FACTORS OF SPRINT TECHNIQUE • start from starting blocks • sprint step (frequency, length) TACTIC • concentration before race PSYCHE • Motivation • Emotion • Hothead SOMATIC FACTORS • Somatotype: mesomorph • Tall, no fat • Muscle fibers (FG, FOG) MOTOR ABILITIES • Speed (maximal speed, reaction speed) • Strength (dynamic strength) • Coordination • Flexibilty of joints http://observers.france24.com/files/images/usain-bolt-m.jpg FACTORS OF DISTANCE and MARATHON RUNING TECHNIQUE • Running step TACTIC • Tactical Thinking • Distribution of power PSYCHE • Motivation • Emotion • Active phlegmatic SOMATIC FACTORS • Somatotype: ectomorph • no fat • Muscle fibers (SO, FOG) MOTOR ABILITIES • Endurance (special endurance, speed endurance, strenght endurance) • Coordination • ANT • VO2MAX • Economy http://i.thisis.co.uk/275540/article/images/2478613/1704889-vlarge.jpg skenovat0005 What is Exercise Training? The repeated use of exercise to improve physical fitness. Adaptations to Exercise Acute adaptations = reactions The changes in human physiology that occur during exercise or physical activity. Chronic Adaptations The alterations in the structure and functions of the body that occur in response to the regular completion of physical activity and exercise. TASK n. 1 oWhat is your name? oWere are you from? oWhat are you study (which studies) on your home faculty? oDid you have physiology of human? oIf YES, how many hours (e.g. 2 h/week lecture, 2 h/week practice or seminar)? oDid you have physiology of sport and exercise? oIf YES, how many hours? oWhen are you leaving Czech Republic (e.g. 28th of May 2023)? oWhat is your favourite sport/sport discipline?