Endocrine System in Sport and Exercise
Ana Carolina Paludo
Ana Carolina Paludo
Physiology of Sport and Exercise
carolina.paludo@fsps.muni.cz
Learning Objectives
The basic structures of the endocrine system
How endocrine system works during the exercise
Hormones and behavior
Last class???
What happen during the exercise??
Stress System
Motor activity
Emotional response
Cardiac System
Endocrine System
Switch on
Endocrine System
Endocrine Glands
(production and secretion)
Hormones
(specifics)
Transmitters
(chemicals )
The molecules transmit specific information (in a slow way)
release hormones into the blood
travel into the blood to specific target organs
Hormone Difference among the hormones
Molecule chemical structure
fast
Very slow
Hormone release axis
Hypothalamus Pituitary
Adrenal
Gonodal
HPA axis
HPG axis
Steroid Hormones - Brain in charge
releasing and
inhibiting hormones
The pituitary
Different part of the
pituitary is responsible
for the secretion of
specific hormones
Hormonal response to exercise
Hormonal response to exercise
Sympathetic Nervous System
Epinefrine
Norepinephrine
Increase of blood flow, bpm, breathing
Catecholamines:
Hormonal response to exercise
Growth Hormone (GH)
Testosterone
' Hormone release adapts to meet the demands
of the exercise'
Tissue growth and metabolism (muscle
cells activated during the exercise importance
of training specificity).
Aerobic and resistance exercise.
Role: increase the activation of muscle
fibers. Increase protein synthesis hypertrophy.
Recovery and muscle
repair.
Cortisol
Insulin-Like Growth
Factors (IGF)
Training adaptations in repair and
remodeling bone and skeletal muscle
BDNF- brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Energy production - generate energy. to
ensure your muscles get the energy
they need.
improvements in cognitive function
Menstrual cycle and hormone concentration
No consensus about performance and menstrual cycle phase
Recovery and Sleep
Training
Recovery
Hypoactivity of HPG axis
Testosterone
Concentration
Increase production, receptors
and muscle growth
Overtraining - an imbalance of training dose-responses
Hormone and Behavioral Reponses
During Exercise
Behaviors
muscle hypertrophy, power , strenght
T concentrations related to better performance
Agressive
Vigor
Angry
Dominante
Some behaviors can
increase T
concentration; a major
concentration of T
during a game/exercise
can improve
performance
Hormone and Behavioral Reponses
Mental Fatigue and testosterone concentration
Menstrual Cycle and Testosterone Concentration
Menstrual Cycle and behavioural responses
Hormonal Doping
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS)
Synthetics derivatives of testosterone
Anabolic: muscle growth, major recovery, pain
tolerance, aggression.
Androgenic: secondary sexual characteristics
Hormonal Doping
Side effect of AAS use
Hormonal Evaluation
Practical Application
Task: search for an article
about hormone and the sport
modality
carolina.paludo@fsps.muni.cz
Obrigada
Complementary material:
Exercise associated hormonal signals as powerful determinants of an effective fat mass loss.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26238498/
Enhancement of hypothalamic-pituitary activity in male athletes: evidence of a novel hormonal mechanism of
physical conditioning. https://bmcendocrdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12902-019-0443-7.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0EcMJ7CZfY