Physical Therapy Exercises Exercising daily plays a main role in the process of healing and recovering from injury or disease. This is the goal of physical therapy exercises. Stretching and strengthening activities are only a few types of physical therapy exercises. Balance, joint control, and muscle re-training are other types of important physical therapy exercises. Task 1 Fill the gaps with the correct word chosen from below. increase joints recovery health immune regular cardiovascular Physical exercise is the performance of some activity in order to develop or maintain physical fitness and overall _____________. Frequent and _______________exercise is an important component in the prevention of the diseases such as heart disease, cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes and obesity. Exercises are generally grouped into three types depending on the overall effect they have on the human body: 1. Flexibility exercises such as stretching improve the range of motion of muscles and ________________. 2. Aerobic exercises such as walking and running focus on increasing ________________ endurance. 3. Anaerobic exercises such as weightlifting or sprinting ______________muscle strength. Physical exercise is important for physical fitness including healthy weight, building and maintaining healthy bones, muscles and joints; and strengthening the ____________ system. Proper nutrition is at least as important to health as exercise. When exercising it becomes even more important to have good diet to ensure the body has the correct ratio of micro and macronutrients to help the body with the ________________ process after exercising. Task 2 Speaking Compare the following types of exercises, their methods and goals, explain the acronyms: Endurance training Resistance training (strengthening exercises) – isotonic, isometric, isokinetic ex. Flexibility training Bed-ridden and convalescing patients: AAROM ex., PROM ex., circulatory ex. Balance and stability training Functional mobility training Gait training Back school Aquatic exercises Relaxation technique ADL training HEP training Task 3: Read the following instructions how to perform certain exercises. The instructions are mixed up. Put them into a chronological and logical order: 1. Triceps Extension - Strengthens muscles in back of upper arm. 1. Bend raised arm at elbow, bringing hand weight toward same shoulder. 2. Raise one arm straight toward ceiling. 3. Feet flat on floor; keep feet even with shoulders. 4. Support this arm, below elbow, with other hand. 5. Hold position. 6. Slowly re-straighten arm toward ceiling. 7. Slowly bend arm toward shoulder again 8. Sit in chair, near front edge. 2. Hamstrings - Stretches muscles in back of thigh. 1. Lean forward from hips (not waist) till you feel stretching in leg on bench, keeping back and shoulders straight. Hold position. 2. Repeat with other leg. 3. Straighten back 4. Keep other leg off of bench, with foot flat on floor. 5. Sit sideways on bench. 6. Illustration of the Shoulder Rotation Stretching exercise Keep one leg stretched out on bench, straight. 3. Shoulder Rotation 1. Hold position. 2. Stretch arms out to side. 3. Keep shoulders flat on floor. 4. Bend elbows to crook lower arms downward, at right angle. 5. Lie flat on floor, pillow under head. 6. Bend elbows to crook lower arms upward, at right angle. 7. Hold position. Task 4: Look at the pictures and explain the described movements: Task 5: Here are some pictures of various physiotherapy exercises. First study the pictures properly, then choose 4 pictures and describe how to perform the exercises: [LINK] [LINK] [LINK] [LINK] [LINK] Now choose some of your classmates to perform the exercises as you describe them. Task 6: Here is a list of exercises. Classify them into two groups: moderate (=using lower degree of energy) and vigorous (=full of energy) * Swimming * Hiking * Digging holes * Cross-country skiing * Gardening * Walking quickly on a level surface * Mopping floor * Cycling on a stationary bicycle * Swimming laps * Fast bicycling up hills * Dancing * Downhill skiing * Volleyball * Rowing * Jogging * Climbing stairs or hills * Bicycling Adapted from: http://www.orthohyd.com/exercises-yoga http://physicaltherapy.about.com http://physicaltherapy.about.com/gi/o.htm?zi=1/XJ&zTi=1&sdn=physicaltherapy&cdn=health&tm=20&gps=25 5_334_1276_882&f=11&tt=14&bt=0&bts=0&zu=http%3A//weboflife.ksc.nasa.gov/exerciseandaging/chapter4_b alance.html Task 7 Listening – Giving instructions Pilates Exercises – One-leg stretch http://www.ehow.com/video_4940402_pilates-exercises-oneleg-stretch.html Listen to a fitness trainer describing a Pilates exercise and write down as many verbs describing movement as possible. Follow-up: Complete the gaps with parts of the body. Rotate your____________clock-wise / anti-clock-wise Shrug your_______________ Turn your______________from side to side Stand with your ___________ apart/ shoulder width apart Keep your ____________ straight Bring/ stretch/ extend your ____________ to the side/ overhead/ straight forward Swing ___ from side to side and around in a circle Bend forward from your ______ and relax Clasp your __________ behind your head Cross ____________ over your chest Lie on your ______, arms at the side, ___________ down/up, now bend your ___________ Hold your knee with both __________ and pull it towards your ___________ Squat on the floor with one ___________ bent up against the chest, the other leg stretched out behind Kneel on the ground, __________ apart Lift up/ raise your ____________. Task 8 a) Prepare a set of exercises that will ensure development of all large muscle groups in the body. b) Consider a sport and develop exercises applying the overload principle that would develop all the large muscle groups used in the sport.