MVZ-207
Chinese Foreign Policy
since 1949
Mgr. Jan Polišenský
Spring 2011
Week 10: Taiwan Strait Issues,
problems and prospects
Taiwan
• Taiwan Strait – 160 km (99 miles)
• Tropic of Cancer
• Population – 23 million
• Area – 35,980 km2 (smaller then Netherlands,
44% of Czech Rep., Maryland)
• Length – 394 km
• Width – 144 km
• More then 200 peaks over 3000 m
• 90% of population lives on the west
• Technology: Acer, Asus, Benq, Evergreen,HTC,
Merida, Giant
Ilha Formosa
• 1544 – Portuguese “Ilha Formosa”
• 1642 – Spanish settlement near Keelung
• 1628 – Tamsui Fort (Fort San Domingo)
• 1662 – Koxinga captured Taiwan
• 1683 – Qing Dynasty
Japanese Rule of Taiwan
• Japan claims taiwan since 1592
• 1871 – Mudan Incident
• 1874 – Japanese Colonization
• 1895 – Treaty of Shimonoseki
• Japanese ocupation
• 1899 – massive investments by Japanese
• Building infrastructure, banks, industry, dams
Nationalist period
• October 25 1945 – Japanese forces surrenders
• KMT Overtake Japanese monopolies
• Financial aid by USA
• 228 Incident – 27 February 1947 – anti-gov't
uprising
• Martial Law- late 1980's
Taiwan- Japan relations
• 1972 – Shanghai Communique
• Established formal diplomatic relations with
China
• 1978 – Treaty of Peace and Friendship between
Japan and PRC
• 1998 – Japan – China joint Declaration
• 2005 – Visas for Taiwanese
• 2006 - Shinzo Abe
Taiwan – US relations
• 1911 - Xinhai Revolution – US Recognized
Republic of China
• 1949 - KMT/ CCP – legitimacy of gov't China
• 1 January 1979 – USA recognized PRC
• 10 April 1979 – Taiwan Relations Act
• 1 January 1980 – Mutual Defense Treaty
• USA – does not support Taiwan independence
• USA – peaceful resolution
• Arm sells to Taiwan
• USA – supports Taiwan in international
organizations
• On Jan 30 2010 - sell $6.4 billion worth of
antimissile systems and helicopters
China - Taiwan relations
• 1st Taiwan Strait Crisis 1954-1955
• 2nd Crisis 1958
• 3rd Crisis 1995-1996
• One China policy
• 2005 – Anti-Secession Law
• 2008 – Hu met with KMT Chairman Wu Po-hsiung
• Regular KMT-CPC meeting
• Special – non-state to state relations
Lee Teng-hui
• In Office 1988-2000
• First native Taiwanese president
(hakka)
• 1968 - PhD. From Cornell
University
• Japanese support
• Taiwanization (Republic of
Taiwan)
• Involved in Corruption
Chen Shui-bian
• President: 2000- 2008
• Chairman of Democratic Progressive
Party 2000-2008
• Mayor of Taipei – 1994-1998
• 2004 - 3-19 – Shooting Incident –
Tainan
• 2004 – Taiwanization “China” name
replaced by Taiwan
• 2005 – Chen visits Europe
• 2006 – Scandals and Corruptions
Four Noes and One Without
Pledge during his inauguration speech on 20 May
2000
1.Declare Taiwanese independence
2.Change the national title from "the Republic of
China" to "the Republic of Taiwan"
3.Include the doctrine of special state-to-state
relations in the Constitution of the Republic of
China, or
4.Promote a referendum on unification or
independence
Four Wants and One Without
2007 – Speech by Chen Shui-bian
1.Taiwan wants independence
2.Taiwan wants the rectification of its name
3.Taiwan wants a new constitution
4.Taiwan wants development; and
5.Taiwanese politics is without the question of left
or right, but only the question of unification or
independence.
Ma Ying-jeou
• Born in Hong Kong - Hakka
• Mayor of Taipei 1998-2006
(preceded by Chen Shui-bian)
• Assumed presidential office in 20
May 2008
• Chairman of KMT (2005-2007)
• no reunification, no
independence and no war
• 2008 – direct sea, air, mail links
with mainland China