Scientific Writing Session 3 KES FSS MUNI Brno 26/3/2015 Reminder: 6 hats Determining research question Feasible: Adequate number of subjects Adequate technical expertise Affordable in time and money Manageable in scope Interesting: Getting the answer intrigues investigator, peers and community Novel: Confirms, refutes or extends previous findings Ethical: Amenable to a study that institutional review board will approve Relevant: To scientific knowledge To clinical, societal, technological policy/applications To future research Determining research question: guiding questions What is the research question? What exactly do you mean by ...? Who has already studied this question? What did they find? Where is the boundary between known and unknown in this area? Where is the knowledge gap? How could ... be determined/measured? Which methods can be used? How they differ? What are their limitations? How can the answer distilled from the data? How will I analyze it? Team activity: abstract preparation/presentation 15 min Status update, improvements 10 min Summarization of current research design, writing a paper abstract 20 min Presentation and feedback Searching for evidence looking for information sources databases (ISI, google(scholar), EBSCO, Scopus,...) reference software (jabref, endnote, zotero, citeulike) Searching for evidence looking for information sources databases (ISI, google(scholar), EBSCO, Scopus,...) reference software (jabref, endnote, zotero, citeulike) evaluating evidence: CRAAP Currency Relevance Authority Accuracy Purpose Analysing evidence: methodology notes reliability and validity representativity statistical methods Analysing evidence: methodology notes reliability and validity representativity statistical methods Methodology notes - types of validity Methodology notes - sample representativity Methodology notes - statistical methods Methodology notes - statistical methods Studying literature: reading a paper Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? “Why am I reading this?” Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? “Why am I reading this?” Looking for a specific answer vs. learning about the field (original research paper vs. review, book) Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? “Why am I reading this?” Looking for a specific answer vs. learning about the field (original research paper vs. review, book) Pose questions Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? “Why am I reading this?” Looking for a specific answer vs. learning about the field (original research paper vs. review, book) Pose questions Look at the right places Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? “Why am I reading this?” Looking for a specific answer vs. learning about the field (original research paper vs. review, book) Pose questions Look at the right places Trick for deeper understanding “How would I approach that question?” Studying literature: reading a paper How to read a paper? “Why am I reading this?” Looking for a specific answer vs. learning about the field (original research paper vs. review, book) Pose questions Look at the right places Trick for deeper understanding “How would I approach that question?” Team activity: research design 10 min Summarization of current research design 60 min Optimalization/detection of current design gaps 20 min Presentation and feedback 10 min Timeline preparation