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Media Society and Culture

zahlavi CZ
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Alternative Media
* Definition: Media delivering information that isn’t covered by corporate media
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* Challenging actual concentrations of media power. Opposition to “Culture Industry”
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* Community media: Participatory media that allow local people to access communication technologies
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* Democratizing the discourse and structure of modern communication outlet – Building local public
sphere
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* Encourage public discourse, empower citizens to act, discuss subjects ignored by mainstream
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zahlavi CZ
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* A historical change caused by a convergence of social and technical phenomenon:
* Emergence of bourgeois capitalism;
* New composite social class - mercantile class  (backed by working class)
* Knowledge (Science, Education and Encyclopedia)
* Information: Mass circulation media (pamphlets and newspapers)
* Discussion: Tea, Coffee, and Salon
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* Facilitated a new form of political identity (Liberal, Egalitarian, Decentered…)
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* Came into being in a particular historical situation and damaged by the same processes that
facilitated it.
* The rise of Fascism (Depression, National sentiment, Classification, Darwinism, Radio)
* The age of culture industry (Mass consumption, entertainment, dramatized politics…)
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Public Sphere

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* New technologies seen as a means by which Public Sphere can be recovered, restored or
revitalised.
* This happens as new communication technologies possess unique qualities not present in ‘mass
media’ forms:
* Interactivity;
* User production of content;
* Individualised consumption of media;
* Peer-communication.
* These characteristics of new media means it challenges the ‘monopolization’ of media by corporate
enterprises and state intervention.
* They allow new channels by which citizens are able to communicate and be ‘political’ outside of
the the corporate and state world(s).
* BUT Neoliberalism + Globalization + New communication + multi-channel communication + more
fragmented life + more consumption + less public activities + more public communication ……..= what?
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Public Sphere