Výsledek obrázku pro Islamic modernism and reformism Islamic Modernism and Reformism Islamic Political Thought (BSS474) Josef Kraus Background and Introduction nHistorical reaction to „Western supremacy“ ¡Response of Muslim intellectuals to European modernity ¡Reaction to salafism, fundamentalism, conservatism nDefense and modernization of Islam towards Western institutions and social processes ¡Islam, science and progress, revelation and reason are compatible n nLow impact during 19th Century, catalizatin after a disruption of Ottoman empire (WWI) ¡Promotion of secular liberalism (Farag Foda) ¡Islamic politics criticism Background and Introduction nAttempt to reconcile Islamic faith with modern Western values ¡Nationalism (Arabism) ¡Democracy ¡Civil rights ¡Scientific progress… nReexamination of conceptions and methods of fiqh nNew approach to Islamic theology and Quranic exegesis + skepticism towards hadiths Background and Introduction nReformism inclinates to secularism, liberalism, democracy (following Christian reformism) n nModernism insists on the importance of religion in public life, but not in a form 1 400 years ago n nDifficult to distinguish from “salafi way” of Islamic reformism and modernism n nSpread among all Islamic regions Mission of Modernist Muslim is to… nAccording to Mir Zohair Husain ¡define Islam by bringing out the fundamentals in a rational and liberal manner ¡emphasize the basic ideals of Islamic brotherhood, tolerance and social justice ¡interpret the teachings of Islam in such a way as to bring out its dynamic character in the context of the intellectual and scientific progress of the modern world Výsledek obrázku pro Mir Zohair Husain alabama Main Thoughts in Isl. Modernism nAmbivalent attitude toward the West - attraction X repulsion nTechnology misused by the West to exploit Islamic countries can be used to strenghten Muslims nSupport of maslahah usage n nReinterpretation of punishment, jihad, treatment of unbelievers, banning of interest on loans… ¡Jihad only defensive ¡Unbelief was not sufficient cause for declaring jihad ¡Preferable way of conversion is based on education ¡There is a difference between interest and usury n Main Thoughts in Isl. Modernism nReinterpretation of traditional Islamic law ¡Reinterpreting of basic sources by using ijma and qiyas at standards of scientific rationality and modern social theory ¡Limiting the influence of Quran and Sunnah on Sharia nRadical hadith criticism ¡Employing ijtihad for critical reasoning, even approving its use by non-jurists nIjtihad should reflect the opinion of society and meet its interests nRejecting the closing of the doors of ijtihad (Muhammad Iqbal, 1877 – 1938) ¡ Liberalism and Progressivism nInterpretation and re-interpretation of traditional sources and methods ¡Emphasis on ijtihad, abandonment of taqlid ¡ nQuranic verses interpretation in allegorical way n nAbsolute equality of all humanity is a basic principal ¡Conservative interpretations of Shariah in the most repressive states ¡Secular states are more open and tolerant ¡Muslim should obey the law of a state, not only religious one n Criticism of Modernism and Reformism nMainly from traditionalists and conservatives ¡Blaming for atheism (ilhad) and for attempts of Westernization (taghrib) of Islam ¡Takfirism nToo much heterogenic and vague ¡Liberal Islam, Reform Islam, Progressive Islam, Neomodernism, etc. nNo unifying figure or movement ¡Ideal concept without any implementation in reality n n n Thank you for your attention! Výsledek obrázku pro bright future islam