Pluralism and Disagreement Power, Authority, and Legitimacy Jiří Baroš Pluralism and Disagreement 1 Authority and Legitimacy Pluralism and Disagreement 2 § Authority and Legitimacy in Political Theory § § § Authority and Legitimacy Social Science Authority and Legitimacy Pluralism and Disagreement 3 § Authority and Legitimacy in Political Theory § § § Authority and Legitimacy in Social Science Political Theory Pluralism and Disagreement 4 § Expertise v. Permission Authority § § Power, Permission, and Political Authority § § Sources of Political Authority Expertise v. Permission Pluralism and Disagreement 5 § uncommon knowledge of expert, his views carry a special kind epistemic weight § § rational oughts § § permission authority makes a rule § § moral oughts Power and Authority Pluralism and Disagreement 6 § states make commands, issue moral oughts § § power = the capacity of the state to gain your compliance § § authority = involves the moral ability to require obedience. States claim the monopoly on your obedience. § § de facto v. de iure authority Sources of Political Authority Pluralism and Disagreement 7 § Consent, Contract § § Consequentialism § § Fair Play Consent, and Contract Pluralism and Disagreement 8 § Actual § § Tacit § § Hypothetical Consequentialism Pluralism and Disagreement 9 § Contractarianism v. Consequentialism § § Advantages/Disadvantages: -Empirical Evidence? -Duty to Obey v. Duty to Comply Fair Play Pluralism and Disagreement 10 § Obedience and Reciprocity § § Society as a Cooperative Venture for Mutual Benefit § § Difficulties and Alternatives Authority and Legitimacy Pluralism and Disagreement 11 § Authority and Legitimacy in Political Theory § § § Authority and Legitimacy in Social Science Authority and Legitimacy Pluralism and Disagreement 12 § Authority and Legitimacy in Political Theory § § § Authority and Legitimacy in Social Science Social Science Pluralism and Disagreement 13 § Law v. Social Science § § Against Max Weber § § Dimensions of Legitimacy § § Significance of Legitimacy Law Pluralism and Disagreement 14 § Power is legitimate… where its acquisition and exercise conform to established law § § § Legitimacy = legal validity Against Max Weber Pluralism and Disagreement 15 § Legitimacy (Weber) = belief in legitimacy § Against Weber: § (1) It misrepresents the relationship between legitimacy and people´s beliefs. § § (2) It ignores those elements which are not really to do with beliefs at all. Dimensions of Legitimacy Pluralism and Disagreement 16 Power is legitimate to the extent that: (1)It conforms to established rules (X illegitimacy) (2)the rules can be justified by reference to beliefs shared by both dominant and subordinate (X legitimacy deficit/weakness) (3)there is evidence of consent by the subordinate to the particular power relation (X delegitimation). Significance of Legitimacy Pluralism and Disagreement 17 § Subordinates: moral grounds for cooperation and obedience, incentives and sanctions, legitimacy eroded and absent, cooperation, and performance, unnecessary legitimacy?, staff, and masses. § § Powerful: ideological work, legitimate power = limited power. Two kinds of limit (rules, and principles). Sources Pluralism and Disagreement 18 § Beetham, The Legitimation of Power § Estlund, Democratic Authority § Fabienne, Political Legitimacy § Lukes, Power: A Radical View § Rosanvallon, Democratic Legitimacy § Simmons, Justification and Legitimacy § Talisse, Engaging Political Philosophy § Wendt, Authority