Title of dataset
ESS round
Edition
Production date
Respondent's identification number
Country
News about politics and current affairs, watching, reading or listening, in minutes
Internet use, how often
Internet use, how much time on typical day, in minutes
Most people can be trusted or you can't be too careful
Most people try to take advantage of you, or try to be fair
Most of the time people helpful or mostly looking out for themselves
How interested in politics
Political system allows people to have a say in what government does
Able to take active role in political group
Political system allows people to have influence on politics
Confident in own ability to participate in politics
Trust in country's parliament
Trust in the legal system
Trust in the police
Trust in politicians
Trust in political parties
Trust in the European Parliament
Trust in the United Nations
Voted last national election
Party voted for in last national election, Austria
Party voted for in last national election, Belgium
Party voted for in last national election, Bulgaria
Party voted for in last national election, Switzerland
Party voted for in last national election, Cyprus
Party voted for in last national election, Czechia
Party voted for in last national election 1, Germany
Party voted for in last national election 2, Germany
Party voted for in last national election, Estonia
Party voted for in last national election, Spain
Party voted for in last national election, Finland
Party voted for in last national election, France (ballot 1)
Party voted for in last national election, United Kingdom
Party voted for in last national election, Croatia
Party voted for in last national election, Hungary
Party voted for in last national election, Ireland (derived from 1st preference vote)
Party voted for in last national election, Italy
Party voted for in last national election 1, Lithuania (first vote, party)
Party voted for in last national election 2, Lithuania (second vote, party)
Party voted for in last national election 3, Lithuania (third vote, party)
Party voted for in last national election, Latvia
Party voted for in last national election, Montenegro
Party voted for in last national election, Netherlands
Party voted for in last national election, Norway
Party voted for in last national election, Poland
Party voted for in last national election, Portugal
Party voted for in last national election, Serbia
Party voted for in last national election, Sweden
Party voted for in last national election, Slovenia
Party voted for in last national election, Slovakia
Contacted politician or government official last 12 months
Worked in political party or action group last 12 months
Worked in another organisation or association last 12 months
Worn or displayed campaign badge/sticker last 12 months
Signed petition last 12 months
Taken part in lawful public demonstration last 12 months
Boycotted certain products last 12 months
Posted or shared anything about politics online last 12 months
Feel closer to a particular party than all other parties
Which party feel closer to, Austria
Which party feel closer to, Belgium
Which party feel closer to, Bulgaria
Which party feel closer to, Switzerland
Which party feel closer to, Cyprus
Which party feel closer to, Czechia
Which party feel closer to, Germany
Which party feel closer to, Estonia
Which party feel closer to, Spain
Which party feel closer to, Finland
Which party feel closer to, France
Which party feel closer to, United Kingdom
Which party feel closer to, Croatia
Which party feel closer to, Hungary
Which party feel closer to, Ireland
Which party feel closer to, Italy
Which party feel closer to, Lithuania
Which party feel closer to, Latvia
Which party feel closer to, Montenegro
Which party feel closer to, Netherlands
Which party feel closer to, Norway
Which party feel closer to, Poland
Which party feel closer to, Portugal
Which party feel closer to, Serbia
Which party feel closer to, Sweden
Which party feel closer to, Slovenia
Which party feel closer to, Slovakia
How close to party
Placement on left right scale
How satisfied with life as a whole
How satisfied with present state of economy in country
How satisfied with the national government
How satisfied with the way democracy works in country
State of education in country nowadays
State of health services in country nowadays
Government should reduce differences in income levels
Gays and lesbians free to live life as they wish
Ashamed if close family member gay or lesbian
Gay and lesbian couples right to adopt children
European Union: European unification go further or gone too far
Allow many/few immigrants of same race/ethnic group as majority
Allow many/few immigrants of different race/ethnic group from majority
Allow many/few immigrants from poorer countries outside Europe
Immigration bad or good for country's economy
Country's cultural life undermined or enriched by immigrants
Immigrants make country worse or better place to live
How happy are you
How often socially meet with friends, relatives or colleagues
How many people with whom you can discuss intimate and personal matters
Take part in social activities compared to others of same age
Respondent or household member victim of burglary/assault last 5 years
Feeling of safety of walking alone in local area after dark
Subjective general health
Hampered in daily activities by illness/disability/infirmity/mental problem
How emotionally attached to [country]
How emotionally attached to Europe
Belonging to particular religion or denomination
Religion or denomination belonging to at present
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Austria
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Belgium
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Switzerland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Cyprus
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Germany
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Finland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, United Kingdom
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Hungary
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Ireland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Lithuania
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Latvia
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Montenegro
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Netherlands
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Norway
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Poland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Serbia
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Sweden
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Slovakia
Ever belonging to particular religion or denomination
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Austria
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Belgium
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Switzerland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Cyprus
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Germany
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Finland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, United Kingdom
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Hungary
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Ireland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Lithuania
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Latvia
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Montenegro
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Netherlands
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Norway
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Poland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Serbia
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Sweden
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Slovakia
How religious are you
How often attend religious services apart from special occasions
How often pray apart from at religious services
Member of a group discriminated against in this country
Discrimination of respondent's group: colour or race
Discrimination of respondent's group: nationality
Discrimination of respondent's group: religion
Discrimination of respondent's group: language
Discrimination of respondent's group: ethnic group
Discrimination of respondent's group: age
Discrimination of respondent's group: gender
Discrimination of respondent's group: sexuality
Discrimination of respondent's group: disability
Discrimination of respondent's group: other grounds
Discrimination of respondent's group: don't know
Discrimination of respondent's group: refusal
Discrimination of respondent's group: not applicable
Discrimination of respondent's group: no answer
Citizen of country
Citizenship
Born in country
Country of birth
What year you first came to live in country
Language most often spoken at home: first mentioned
Language most often spoken at home: second mentioned
Belong to minority ethnic group in country
Father born in country
Country of birth, father
Mother born in country
Country of birth, mother
Administration of how democracy works questions
Would vote for [country] to remain member of European Union or leave
Would vote for [country] to remain member of European Union or leave, United Kingdom
Would vote for [country] to become member of European Union or remain outside
Paid employment or apprenticeship at least 3 months 20 hours weekly
Year first started in paid employment or apprenticeship
Year first left parents for living separately for 2 months or more
Ever lived with a spouse or partner for 3 months or more
Year first lived with spouse or partner for 3 months or more
Are or ever been married
Year first married
Ever given birth to/ fathered a child
Number of children ever given birth to/ fathered
Year (first) child was born
Year youngest child was born
Number of grandchildren
Year first grandchild was born
Have any great grandchildren
Administration of split ballot, ask about female or male
Age become adults. SPLIT BALLOT
Age reach middle age. SPLIT BALLOT
Age reach old age. SPLIT BALLOT
Start living with partner not married to, ideal age. SPLIT BALLOT
Get married, ideal age. SPLIT BALLOT
Become mother/ father, ideal age. SPLIT BALLOT
Retire permanently, ideal age. SPLIT BALLOT
Leave full-time education, age too young. SPLIT BALLOT
Start living with partner not married to, age too young. SPLIT BALLOT
Get married, age too young. SPLIT BALLOT
Become mother/ father, age too young. SPLIT BALLOT
Retire permanently, age too young. SPLIT BALLOT
Still be living with parents, age too old. SPLIT BALLOT
Consider having more children, age too old. SPLIT BALLOT
Be working 20 hours or more per week, age too old. SPLIT BALLOT
Approve if person chooses never to have children. SPLIT BALLOT
Approve if person lives with partner not married to. SPLIT BALLOT
Approve if person have child with partner not married to. SPLIT BALLOT
Approve if person has full-time job while children aged under 3. SPLIT BALLOT
Approve if person gets divorced while children aged under 12. SPLIT BALLOT
Plan for future or take each day as it comes
Number of people living regularly as member of household
Gender
Gender of second person in household
Gender of third person in household
Gender of fourth person in household
Gender of fifth person in household
Gender of sixth person in household
Gender of seventh person in household
Gender of eighth person in household
Gender of ninth person in household
Gender of tenth person in household
Gender of eleventh person in household
Gender of twelfth person in household
Gender of thirteenth person in household
Gender of fourteenth person in household
Gender of fifteenth person in household
Age of respondent, calculated
Year of birth
Year of birth of second person in household
Year of birth of third person in household
Year of birth of fourth person in household
Year of birth of fifth person in household
Year of birth of sixth person in household
Year of birth of seventh person in household
Year of birth of eighth person in household
Year of birth of ninth person in household
Year of birth of tenth person in household
Year of birth of eleventh person in household
Year of birth of twelfth person in household
Year of birth of thirteenth person in household
Year of birth of fourteenth person in household
Year of birth of fifteenth person in household
Second person in household: relationship to respondent
Third person in household: relationship to respondent
Fourth person in household: relationship to respondent
Fifth person in household: relationship to respondent
Sixth person in household: relationship to respondent
Seventh person in household: relationship to respondent
Eighth person in household: relationship to respondent
Ninth person in household: relationship to respondent
Tenth person in household: relationship to respondent
Eleventh person in household: relationship to respondent
Twelfth person in household: relationship to respondent
Thirteenth person in household: relationship to respondent
Fourteenth person in household: relationship to respondent
Fifteenth person in household: relationship to respondent
Relationship with husband/wife/partner currently living with
Relationship with husband/wife/partner currently living with, United Kingdom
Ever lived with a partner, without being married
Ever been divorced/had civil union dissolved
Legal marital status
Legal marital status, United Kingdom
Legal marital status, post coded
Ever had children living in household
Domicile, respondent's description
Highest level of education
Highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Highest level of education, Austria
Highest level of education, Belgium
Highest level of education, Bulgaria
Highest level of education, Switzerland
Highest level of education, Cyprus
Highest level of education, Czechia
Highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Highest level of education, Estonia
Highest level of education, Spain
Highest level of education, Finland
Highest level of education, France
Highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Highest level of education, Croatia
Highest level of education, Hungary
Highest level of education, Ireland
Highest level of education, Italy
Highest level of education, Lithuania
Highest level of education, Latvia
Highest level of education, Montenegro
Highest level of education, Netherlands
Highest level of education, Norway
Highest level of education, Poland
Highest level of education, Portugal
Highest level of education, Serbia
Highest level of education, Sweden
Highest level of education, Slovenia
Highest level of education, Slovakia
Years of full-time education completed
Doing last 7 days: paid work
Doing last 7 days: education
Doing last 7 days: unemployed, actively looking for job
Doing last 7 days: unemployed, not actively looking for job
Doing last 7 days: permanently sick or disabled
Doing last 7 days: retired
Doing last 7 days: community or military service
Doing last 7 days: housework, looking after children, others
Doing last 7 days: other
Doing last 7 days: refusal
Doing last 7 days: don't know
Doing last 7 days: no answer
Main activity last 7 days
Main activity, last 7 days. All respondents. Post coded
Control paid work last 7 days
Ever had a paid job
Year last in paid job
Employment relation
Number of employees respondent has/had
Employment contract unlimited or limited duration
Establishment size
Responsible for supervising other employees
Number of people responsible for in job
Allowed to decide how daily work is organised
Allowed to influence policy decisions about activities of organisation
Total contracted hours per week in main job overtime excluded
Have a set 'basic' or contracted number of hours
Total hours normally worked per week in main job overtime included
Industry, NACE rev.2
What type of organisation work/worked for
Occupation, ISCO08
Paid work in another country, period more than 6 months last 10 years
Ever unemployed and seeking work for a period more than three months
Any period of unemployment and work seeking lasted 12 months or more
Any period of unemployment and work seeking within last 5 years
Member of trade union or similar organisation
Main source of household income
Household's total net income, all sources
Feeling about household's income nowadays
Respondent's main source of income
Partner's highest level of education
Partner's highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Partner's highest level of education, Austria
Partner's highest level of education, Belgium
Partner's highest level of education, Bulgaria
Partner's highest level of education, Switzerland
Partner's highest level of education, Cyprus
Partner's highest level of education, Czechia
Partner's highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Partner's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Partner's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Partner's highest level of education, Estonia
Partner's highest level of education, Spain
Partner's highest level of education, Finland
Partner's highest level of education, France
Partner's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Partner's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Partner's age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Partner's highest level of education, Croatia
Partner's highest level of education, Hungary
Partner's highest level of education, Ireland
Partner's highest level of education, Italy
Partner's highest level of education, Lithuania
Partner's highest level of education, Latvia
Partner's highest level of education, Montenegro
Partner's highest level of education, Netherlands
Partner's highest level of education, Norway
Partner's highest level of education, Poland
Partner's highest level of education, Portugal
Partner's highest level of education, Serbia
Partner's highest level of education, Sweden
Partner's highest level of education, Slovenia
Partner's highest level of education, Slovakia
Partner doing last 7 days: paid work
Partner doing last 7 days: education
Partner doing last 7 days: unemployed, actively looking for job
Partner doing last 7 days: unemployed, not actively looking for job
Partner doing last 7 days: permanently sick or disabled
Partner doing last 7 days: retired
Partner doing last 7 days: community or military service
Partner doing last 7 days: housework, looking after children, others
Partner doing last 7 days: other
Partner doing last 7 days: don't know
Partner doing last 7 days: not applicable
Partner doing last 7 days: refusal
Partner doing last 7 days: no answer
Partner's main activity last 7 days
Partner, control paid work last 7 days
Occupation partner, ISCO08
Partner's employment relation
Hours normally worked a week in main job overtime included, partner
Father's highest level of education
Father's highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Father's highest level of education, Austria
Father's highest level of education, Belgium
Father's highest level of education, Bulgaria
Father's highest level of education, Switzerland
Father's highest level of education, Cyprus
Father's highest level of education, Czechia
Father's highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Father's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Father's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Father's highest level of education, Estonia
Father's highest level of education, Spain
Father's highest level of education, Finland
Father's highest level of education, France
Father's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Father's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Father's age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Father's highest level of education, Croatia
Father's highest level of education, Hungary
Father's highest level of education, Ireland
Father's highest level of education, Italy
Father's highest level of education, Lithuania
Father's highest level of education, Latvia
Father's highest level of education, Montenegro
Father's highest level of education, Netherlands
Father's highest level of education, Norway
Father's highest level of education, Poland
Father's highest level of education, Portugal
Father's highest level of education, Serbia
Father's highest level of education, Sweden
Father's highest level of education, Slovenia
Father's highest level of education, Slovakia
Father's employment status when respondent 14
Father's occupation when respondent 14
Mother's highest level of education
Mother's highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Mother's highest level of education, Austria
Mother's highest level of education, Belgium
Mother's highest level of education, Bulgaria
Mother's highest level of education, Switzerland
Mother's highest level of education, Cyprus
Mother's highest level of education, Czechia
Mother's highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Mother's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Mother's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Mother's highest level of education, Estonia
Mother's highest level of education, Spain
Mother's highest level of education, Finland
Mother's highest level of education, France
Mother's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Mother's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Mother's age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Mother's highest level of education, Croatia
Mother's highest level of education, Hungary
Mother's highest level of education, Ireland
Mother's highest level of education, Italy
Mother's highest level of education, Lithuania
Mother's highest level of education, Latvia
Mother's highest level of education, Montenegro
Mother's highest level of education, Netherlands
Mother's highest level of education, Norway
Mother's highest level of education, Poland
Mother's highest level of education, Portugal
Mother's highest level of education, Serbia
Mother's highest level of education, Sweden
Mother's highest level of education, Slovenia
Mother's highest level of education, Slovakia
Mother's employment status when respondent 14
Mother's occupation when respondent 14
Improve knowledge/skills: course/lecture/conference, last 12 months
First ancestry, European Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups
Second ancestry, European Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups
Political system in country ensures everyone fair chance to participate in politics
Government in country takes into account the interests of all citizens
Decisions in country politics are transparent
Compared other people in country, fair chance achieve level of education I seek
Compared other people in country, fair chance get job I seek
Everyone in country fair chance achieve level of education they seek
Everyone in country fair chance get job they seek
Filter variable: ask about pay, pensions, or social benefits
Your [pay/pensions/social benefits], which frequency do you know best
What is your usual [weekly/monthly/annual] gross pay
Which letter describes your gross pay
Your usual [weekly/monthly/annual] net [pay/pensions/social benefits]
Which letter describes your net [pay/pensions/social benefits]
Would you say your gross pay is unfairly low, fair, or unfairly high
Your net [pay/pensions/social benefits] is unfairly low, fair, or unfairly high
Fair level of [weekly/monthly/annual] gross pay for you
Fair level of [weekly/monthly/annual] net [pay/pensions/social benefits] for you
Net [pay/pensions/social benefits] of people same occupation as you in country, how fair
Top 10% full-time employees in country, earning more than [amount], how fair
Bottom 10% full-time employees in country, earning less than [amount], how fair
Differences in wealth in country, how fair
Influence decision to recruit in country: person's knowledge and skills
Influence decision to recruit in country: person's on-the-job experience
Influence decision to recruit in country: person knows someone in organisation
Influence decision to recruit in country: person has immigrant background
Influence decision to recruit in country: person's gender
Society fair when income and wealth is equally distributed
Society fair when hard-working people earn more than others
Society fair when takes care of poor and in need, regardless of what give back
Society fair when people from families with high social status enjoy privileges
By and large, people get what they deserve
Confident that justice always prevails over injustice
Convinced that in the long run people compensated for injustices
Important to think new ideas and being creative
Important to be rich, have money and expensive things
Important that people are treated equally and have equal opportunities
Important to show abilities and be admired
Important to live in secure and safe surroundings
Important to try new and different things in life
Important to do what is told and follow rules
Important to understand different people
Important to be humble and modest, not draw attention
Important to have a good time
Important to make own decisions and be free
Important to help people and care for others well-being
Important to be successful and that people recognise achievements
Important that government is strong and ensures safety
Important to seek adventures and have an exciting life
Important to behave properly
Important to get respect from others
Important to be loyal to friends and devote to people close
Important to care for nature and environment
Important to follow traditions and customs
Important to seek fun and things that give pleasure
Region
Regional unit
Start of interview, day of month
Start of interview, month
Start of interview, year
Start of interview, hour
Start of interview, minute
End of interview, day of month
End of interview, month
End of interview, year
End of interview, hour
End of interview, minute
Interview length in minutes, main questionnaire
Design weight
Post-stratification weight including design weight
Population size weight (must be combined with dweight or pspwght)
Analysis weight
Sampling probability
Sampling stratum
Primary sampling unit