The Ideology of Environmental Domination
Lecture Part 2
SOC165
Spring 2010
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Ideology of Domination ● Part 2
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In Part 2
•Individualism
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Historical Development of Individualism
•Protestant ethic – was motivated by personal, individual concern for going to heaven
•Legitimated profit motive & selfishness
•Encouraged personal wealth and display of status
•Before this time, Catholic Church promoted “just price”
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Modern Manifestations
•Corporation: A social institution obligated to maximize profit and shareholder value
•Video: The modern corporation is a psychopath
•However, corporations can be helpful to society
corporation
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Sociology and Individualism
•Durkheim: Industrialism and urbanization lead to greater individualization and more complex
division of labor
•
•Can lead to:
–Enhanced freedom and self-actualization
–Anomie and alienation
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Sociology and Individualism
•Beck, Giddens, and other contemporary sociologists theorize about individualization
•
•For example, changing patterns of:
–Gender relations
–Family life
–Personal income and class relations
–Consumption habits
–Political identity and activity
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Bakhtin: The Body and Nature
•History of changing views of the body and relations with nature
•Canivalesque body = pre-modern body, living close to others and nature
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Bakhtin: The Body and Nature
•Classical body = Enlightenment, civilized, refined care and presentation of the body
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Bakhtin: The Body and Nature
•People today are more concerned with private goods (personal comfort and wellbeing) than public
goods (parks, public transport, etc.)
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Bakhtin: The Body and Nature
•We try to control our bodies and our living environment to show our social status
–We want to tame / civilize / conquer nature & our bodies’ natural functions
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Bakhtin: The Body and Nature
•Similar to Erving Goffman’s analysis of Presentation of Self in Daily Life
•Symbolic interactionism
–Emphasis on “image management”
Erving Goffman
1922-1982
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Mikhail Bakhtin
1895-1975
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Critique of Bakhtin
•Control of body & community cleanliness has important functional side to it – public health,
hygiene
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Is Individualism Really So Bad?
•Western – specifically Anglo-American, individualism – has emphasized democracy, respect for human
rights, and quality of life
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End of Part 2.
Continue to Part 3.
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Citations Used in This Lecture
•Goffman, E. 1959. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Doubleday.