Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
MUNI
Faculty
Of Social
Studies
A FRAMEWORK OF SECURITY DYNAMIC IN AFRICA
+
Central AfricaN RSC

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
2
•Securitisation of the whole African
     continent on some levels of analysis.
•
•Central and East African RSC
•
•CAR is not in CA RSC
•
•Buzan & Weaver, 2003.
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Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
4
Domestic level of security dynamics in Africa
•The vital problem of African security is the post-colonial state.
•Weak both as a state (social cohesion) and in power (econ., polit., or military).
•Rapid decolonisation produced anything but consolidation of modern state.
•Variety of non-state actors ruling over the “state affairs”.
•

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
5
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Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
6
Domestic level of security dynamics in Africa
•Somehow stateless configuration is articulated on the basis of primordial and patronage
attachments.
•Empirical versus Juridical Sovereignty are adopted in opposite direction.
•Result is an unique mix of post-traditional, modern and post-modern state features.
•

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
7
Domestic level of security dynamics in Africa
•The above-mentioned results in two arguments leading us to the assumption that “domestic” is not
the right level of analysis for us:
ØExistence of “nonstatist” African state
ØNonstate rivals to the African state (whatever the state is)
•

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
8
Regional level of security dynamics in Africa
•RSC depends on existence of significant levels of security interdependence among a group of states
– is there any such feature?
•Interstate security dynamics in Africa are often simply spillovers of domestic dynamics,
particularly refugee flows, expulsions of foreigners, and civil wars.
•Rare to find African states engaging in vital security interactions with actors other than their
immediate neighbours.

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
9
Regional level of security dynamics in Africa
•“Close Neighbourhood” pattern of security interactions.

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
10
Central African Regional Security complex
•Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi
     + part of DRC (how big part?).
•What about Kenya (insulator) and Tanzania (SA RSC)?
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Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
11
Central African Regional Security complex
•No evidence of even pre-complexes so far.
•De facto only insulator area up till late 1990s.
•Main security dynamic oscillates between dictatorship and civil war.

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
12
Central African Regional Security complex
•Four major civil wars (DRC, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda).
•Two major inter-state wars.
•Mutual cross-border interventions (everyone vs. everyone).
•International interventions.

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
13
Central African Regional Security complex
•Grounds for centration of the RSC on the Great Lakes region.
•DRC may be restored as pure insulator but not in near future.
•Probably bigger partition of Central and Eastern African RSC, but these two will remain unstable
and turbulent.
•Full integration together (according to RSCT) is unlikely.

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
14
Inter-Regional and Global Levels of security dynamics in Africa
•Buzan, Barry, and Ole Waever. 2003. Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security.
1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
•PP 248-252.

Adobe Systems
Mgr. Jiří Němec, Department of Political Science, Security and Strategic Studies, course BSSn4457
Regional Security Complexes, © MUNI 2021.
MUNI
Faculty
Of Social
Studies
Thank you for your attention!
9. December, International Day of
Commemoration and Dignity of the victims of the Crime of Genocide