TORTS II • •Try to think of the best English or Czech equivalents to the following collocations •The group with the highest number of correct collocations is the winner What is the English equivalent? •1. Poškozená strana •2. Bezohledné chování •3. Škodlivé následky •4. Předvídatelná újma •5. Údajná nedbalost •6. Ušlé mzdy •7. Léčebné náklady •8. Nepřiměřené zasahování •9. Pomlouvačné tvrzení •10. Poškodit pověst •11. Utrpět újmu •12. Být shledán odpovědným •13. Být na vině •14. Žalovatelné tvrzení •15. Dobrá víra • • What is the Czech equivalent? •16. Consent of the detainee •17. Duty owed to the plaintiff •18. Take all possible precautions •19. Proximate causation of harm •20. Reasonable care •21. Liability arising from the violation •22. Without reasonable grounds •23. At the discretion of the judge http://www.theage.com.au/ffximage/2005/02/16/detention2,0.jpg http://www.sportingcollectibles.com/pPhotos/p33193precautions.jpg What is the English equivalent? Key •1. Poškozená strana •Injured party/party harmed •2. Bezohledné chování •Reckless conduct/careless behaviour •3. Škodlivé následky •Harmful consequences •4. Předvídatelná újma •Foreseeable harm/damage/loss/injury •5. Údajná nedbalost •Alleged negligence •6. Ušlé mzdy •Lost wages •7. Léčebné náklady •Medical expenses •8. Nepřiměřené zasahování •Unreasonable interference •9. Pomlouvačné tvrzení •Defamatory statement • • What is the English equivalent? Key •10. Poškodit pověst •Harm the reputation •11. Utrpět újmu •Suffer harm/damage/loss/injury •12. Být shledán odpovědným •Be found/held liable •13. Být na vině •Be at fault •14. Žalovatelné tvrzení •Actionable statement •15. Dobrá víra •Good faith • • What is the Czech equivalent? Key •16. Consent of the detainee •Souhlas zadrženého •17. Duty owed to the plaintiff •Povinnost vůči žalobci •18. Take all possible precautions •Učinit veškerá opatření •19. Proximate causation of harm •Bezprostřední příčina škody •20. Reasonable care •Náležitá péče •21. Liability arising from the violation •Odpovědnost vznikající z porušení •22. Without reasonable grounds •Bez dostatečného důvodu •23. At the discretion of the judge •Dle uvážení soudce • Case Study •You work as a student assistant for the Legal Advice Centre, offering free advice to ordinary people. It´s good practice and it will look great on your CV. • • • • •More information about the Legal Advice Centre at http://www.advicecentre.law.qmul.ac.uk/about/index.html • Case Study – Stairs collapse • • • • • • • • •The name of your client is Bert Simpson. You have already interviewed him. You promised that you will go through the case and you will write an e-mail to Bert with some advice. Case Study – Stairs collapse •First, read the facts of the case. p.15/2 •( based on https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu../content/D_BUS/law/negligence_LL/casestudy.html) • •What tort is involved? •What are the elements required for negligence? • negligence •Presence of duty of care •Breach of the duty of care •Proximate causation of harm In groups analyze the case trying to identify the key legal issues. Useful expressions and phrases •Premises (a building and the area of land that it is on) •Duty owed to the injured party •Reasonable care •Reasonable person •Foreseeable harm •Should have foreseen •Take all possible precautions •Failure to take care •Suffer injuries due to •Medical expenses •Recover damages •Legal grounds •Be held/found liable •Defenses (how to avoid liability) http://stus.com/images/products/cto0045.gif http://www.stus.com/images/products/cto0064.gif Case Study – Issues to be identified •Was a duty of care owed? •Occupiers owe a duty of care to entrants because of their control over the premises. • •GC is an occupier of premises and thus owes a duty of care to those coming on to the premises. Case Study – Issues to be identified •What was the standard of that duty of care? •The standard of care owed by GCS is reasonable care to avoid foreseeable risks of harm to entrants (not just shoppers) of the premises. • Case Study – Issues to be identified •Was the duty of care breached? •Allowing too many people to climb the stairs at the same time. • •GCS should have foreseen that an opening sale would attract a huge crowd to the store. • •Possible precautions not taken -signs reminding shoppers not to rush up the stairs -hiring extra staff to control the customer flow at the stairs -… - • •It appears that GCS has breached its duty of care to Bert. • Case Study – Issues to be identified •Causation (Was the damage a direct result of the defendant´s actions?) •If GCS had not breached its duty of care to Bert, Bert would not have suffered extensive injuries. Case Study – Issues to be identified •Defences •GCS could probably claim that Bert was partly liable for his injury due to his failure to take reasonable care of himself on the stairs. • •If Bert was held partly liable for his injury, he might be able to recover only part of the damages. • Writing in groups •Write a letter of advice to Mr. Simpson (discussion forum IS) •Summarise the case and legal issues you have discussed •Outline possible steps to be taken next •Use the language phrases listed in your handout p.17 Homework • • • • •Choose a letter filed by another group and comment on it (50-70 words). •In your comments consider the following aspects •Content (as a client would you be satisfied with the advice?) •Structure (clear, logical, linking words, …) •Style (appropriate, formal, …) •Vocabulary (range, accuracy, collocations, …) •Grammar (range, accuracy – especially a word order) http://www.kscpa.org/writable/images/Logos/peer_review.jpg A tort, in common law jurisdictions, is a civil wrong which 1. _______ causes someone else to suffer 2. _______ or harm resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the 3. _______ act, called a tortfeasor. Tort is a 4. _______ of some duty clearly set by law, not by a 5. _______ agreement between two parties, as in breach of contract. When such a duty is breached, the injured party has the right to institute suit for 6. _____________ damages. Torts may be 7. ___________ in several ways, with a particularly common 8. _______ between negligent and intentional torts. Intentional torts include, among others, certain torts 9. _______ from the occupation or use of land. The tort of nuisance, for example, involves strict liability for a neighbor who interferes with another's 10. ___________ of his real property. Trespass allows owners to sue for 11. __________ by a person on their land. Several intentional torts do not involve land. Examples include false imprisonment - the tort of 12. __________ arresting or detaining someone, and libel, where a 13. ___________ statement is published and damages the plaintiff's reputation. 1.FAIR 2.LOSE 3.TORT 4. VIOLATE 5. SPECIFY 6. COMPENSATE 7. CATEGORY 8. DIVIDE 9. ARISE 10. ENJOY 11. ENTER 12. LAW 13. DEFAME unfairly loss tortious violation specific compensatory categorized division arising enjoyment entrances unlawfully defamatory Compulsory assignment •Instructions - Handout p.18 •Number of words 150-200 •To “odevzdávárna“ •Deadline – 26/4 •