THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN FACTS & FIGURES 2016 This document has been prepared by the Public Relations Unit of the Court, and does not bind the Court.It is intended to provide basic general information about the way the Court works. For more detailed information, please refer to documents issued by the Registry available on the Court’s website: www.echr.coe.int © European Court of Human Rights, March 2017 Facts & Figures - 2016 3 Pending allocated cases Approximately 79,750 applications were pending before a judicial formation on 31 December 2016. Almost half of these applications had been lodged against one of the following 3 member States of the Council of Europe: Ukraine, Turkey or Hungary. on 31 December 2016 Armenia 2.0% Azerbaijan 2.1% Poland 2.3% Georgia 2.6% Italy 7.8% Romania 9.3% Russia 9.8% Hungary 11.2%Other States 14.4% Turkey 15.8% Ukraine 22.8% European Court of Human Rights 4 Judgments by State in 2016 In 2016, almost half the judgments concerned 4 of the 47 member States, namely the Russian Federation (228),Turkey (88), Romania (86) and Ukraine (73). Nearly a quarter of all the judgments delivered by the Court concerned the Russian Federation. Of the total number of judgments delivered in 2016, the Court has found at least one violation of the Convention by the respondent State in 83% of the cases. Since the Court was established in 1959, more than a quarter of the judgments delivered by it have concerned 2 member States:Turkey (3,270) and Italy (2,351). Poland 2.61% Croatia 3.42% Bulgaria 3.72% Hungary 4.12% Greece 4.53% Ukraine 7.35% Romania 8.66% Turkey 8.86%Russian Federation 22.96% Other States 33.77% Facts & Figures - 2016 5 Applications allocated to a judicial formation Applications which are allocated to a judicial formation are those for which the Court has received a correctly completed form, accompanied by copies of relevant documents. These applications will be examined by a single judge, a Committee or a Chamber of the Court.These figures do not include applications which are at the pre-judicial stage (incomplete case file). on 31 December 2016 8,400 10,500 13,800 28,200 27,200 32,500 35,400 39,200 41,600 49,700 57,000 61,100 64,300 64,900 65,800 56,300 40,650 53,500 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 European Court of Human Rights 6 Judgments delivered by the Court In recent years the Court has concentrated on examining complex cases, and has decided to join certain applications which raise similar legal questions so that it can consider them jointly.Thus, although the number of judgments delivered each year is not increasing as rapidly as in the past,the Court has examined more applications. In 2016 the Court delivered 993 judgments concerning 1,926 applications. A total of 38,505 applications were decided in 2016, through a judgment or decision, or by being struck out of the list. 837 177 695 888 844 703 718 1,105 1,560 1,503 1,543 1,625 1,499 1,157 1,093 916 891 823 993 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 Facts & Figures - 2016 7 Subject-matter of the Court’s violation judgments in 2016 In the judgments delivered by the Court in 2015, nearly a quarter of the violations concerned Article 6 (right to a fair hearing), whether on account of the fairness or the length of the proceedings. Furthermore, nearly 20% of the violations found by the Court concerned the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment (Article 3). In addition, more than 20% of the violations found concerned the right to liberty and security (Article 5). It should be noted that 25% of the findings of a violation concerned a serious breach of the Convention,namely the right to life or the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment (Articles 2 and 3). Right to life (Art. 2) 5.63% Protection of property (P1-1) 7.56% Right to an effective remedy (Art. 13) 9.62% Other violations 14.02% Right to liberty and security (Art. 5) 20.39% Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment (Art. 3) 19.82% Right to a fair trial (Art. 6) 22.96% European Court of Human Rights 8 Throughput of applications in 2016 A pplications allocated to a judicial form ation A pplications declared inadm issible or struck out A pplications in w hich judgm ent w as delivered Totalnum ber of applications decided 2016 2016 2016 2016 Albania 147 44 22 66 Andorra 4 4 2 6 Armenia 753 133 16 149 Austria 236 239 11 250 Azerbaijan 333 136 50 186 Belgium 184 158 11 169 Bosnia and Herzegovina 882 596 2 598 Bulgaria 1,033 907 42 949 Croatia 764 639 39 678 Cyprus 34 34 4 38 Czech Republic 338 339 7 346 Denmark 47 51 3 54 Estonia 206 210 5 215 Finland 196 157 1 158 France 916 874 27 901 Georgia 74 148 4 152 Germany 676 658 19 677 Greece 337 455 65 520 Hungary 5,569 1,125 100 1,225 Iceland 24 15 0 15 Ireland 27 19 0 19 Italy 1,409 2,695 35 2,730 Latvia 258 228 17 245 Liechtenstein 10 14 1 15 Lithuania 406 453 22 475 Luxembourg 38 22 0 22 Malta 26 14 10 24 Republic of Moldova 839 750 27 777 Monaco 6 5 0 5 Montenegro 165 220 4 224 Netherlands 494 500 11 511 Norway 90 87 3 90 Poland 2,424 2,246 29 2,275 Portugal 155 269 33 302 Romania 8,204 4,089 258 4,347 Russian Federation 5,591 6,365 645 7,010 San Marino 13 5 0 5 Serbia 1,336 1,220 66 1,286 Slovak Republic 309 318 10 328 Slovenia 239 299 4 303 Spain 626 557 18 575 Sweden 138 141 4 145 Switzerland 258 230 10 240 'The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia' 340 321 16 337 Turkey 8,308 4,042 118 4,160 Ukraine 8,658 4,188 116 4,304 United Kingdom 373 360 39 399 TOTAL 53,493 36,579 1,926 38,505 Facts&Figures-2016 9 Simplifiedflowchartofcase-processingbytheCourt Relinquishment Referral Referral SINGLE JUDGE 1 judge Judgment on the merits Judgment COMMITTEE 3 judges CHAMBER 7 judges Inadmissibility decision Admissibility decision COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS Judgment on the admissibility and the merits Judgment on the admissibility and the merits Inadmissibility decision GRAND CHAMBER 17 judges Inadmissibility decision INDIVIDUAL APPLICATION Simplified case-processing flow chart by judicial formation EuropeanCourtofHumanRights 10 ViolationsbyArticleandbyState1 2016 Totalnum berofjudgm ents Judgm entsfinding atleastoneviolation Judgm entsfinding no violation Friendly settlem ents/Striking-out judgm ents Otherjudgm ents² Righttolife–deprivationoflife Lackofeffectiveinvestigation Prohibitionoftorture Inhumanordegradingtreatment Lackofeffectiveinvestigation Conditionalviolations 3 Prohibitionofslavery/forcedlabour Righttolibertyandsecurity Righttoafairtrial4 Lengthofproceedings Non-enforcement Nopunishmentwithoutlaw Righttorespectforprivateandfamilylife 4 Freedom ofthought,conscienceandreligion Freedom ofexpression Freedom ofassemblyandassociation Righttomarry Righttoaneffectiveremedy Prohibitionofdiscrimination Protectionofproperty Righttoeducation Righttofreeelections Rightnottobetriedorpunishedtwice OtherArticlesoftheConvention Total Total Total Total Total 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 6 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 P1-1 P1-2 P1-3 P1-4 Albania 10 10 1 9 7 6 Andorra 2 1 1 1 1 Armenia 15 13 2 1 1 1 4 10 4 Austria 10 6 4 1 4 1 Azerbaijan 16 16 1 4 3 10 6 1 5 1 4 8 Belgium 11 5 5 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 2 1 3 Bulgaria 37 33 2 2 6 2 6 9 1 9 4 7 14 1 Croatia 34 25 8 1 1 1 6 3 1 1 1 1 2 10 Cyprus 3 2 1 1 1 2 Czech Republic 5 2 3 3 1 Denmark 3 1 2 1 Estonia 5 3 2 1 2 1 Finland 1 1 1 France 23 14 8 1 1 5 2 7 3 3 2 Georgia 4 4 3 1 1 1 Germany 18 4 13 1 1 2 1 Greece 45 41 4 17 1 1 1 7 2 16 1 3 1 21 1 1 Hungary 41 40 1 7 4 3 16 3 6 1 6 7 Iceland 0 Ireland 0 Italy 15 10 3 2 1 2 2 6 2 1 5 8 1 1 Latvia 16 9 7 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 Liechtenstein 1 1 1 1 1 Facts&Figures-2016 11 ViolationsbyArticleandbyState1 2016 Totalnum berofjudgm ents Judgm entsfinding atleastone violation Judgm entsfinding no violation Friendly settlem ents/Striking-out judgm ents Otherjudgm ents² Righttolife–deprivationoflife Lackofeffectiveinvestigation Prohibitionoftorture Inhumanordegradingtreatment Lackofeffectiveinvestigation Conditionalviolations 3 Prohibitionofslavery/forcedlabour Righttolibertyandsecurity Righttoafairtrial4 Lengthofproceedings Non-enforcement Nopunishmentwithoutlaw Righttorespectforprivateandfamilylife 4 Freedom ofthought,conscienceandreligion Freedom ofexpression Freedom ofassemblyandassociation Righttomarry Righttoaneffectiveremedy Prohibitionofdiscrimination Protectionofproperty Righttoeducation Righttofreeelections Rightnottobetriedorpunishedtwice OtherArticlesoftheConvention Total Total Total Total Total 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 6 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 P1-1 P1-2 P1-3 P1-4 Lithuania 22 13 6 3 1 2 3 1 4 1 2 1 2 Luxembourg 0 Malta 8 7 1 2 6 2 1 2 Republic of Moldova 23 19 2 2 10 4 4 6 1 3 2 Monaco 0 Montenegro 2 2 1 2 Netherlands 11 3 8 1 2 1 Norway 2 2 Poland 26 19 7 11 1 1 3 3 1 Portugal 19 17 2 7 8 1 4 3 5 Romania 86 71 6 4 5 1 5 28 12 7 16 8 1 7 1 1 2 2 Russian Federation 228 222 5 1 11 13 64 13 3 153 41 15 13 12 1 4 5 50 1 32 1 15 San Marino 0 Serbia 21 19 2 1 3 4 9 1 1 8 1 1 Slovak Republic 10 9 1 1 1 4 1 4 Slovenia 4 2 1 1 2 Spain 16 12 3 1 1 4 3 1 2 1 Sweden 5 4 1 3 1 1 Switzerland 10 5 5 1 1 2 1 "The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" 12 8 4 1 5 1 1 1 Turkey 88 77 6 5 8 18 9 10 22 11 4 6 2 7 5 3 4 6 1 Ukraine 73 70 3 2 12 2 21 14 27 15 13 3 7 1 1 15 2 1 6 United Kingdom 14 7 6 1 3 2 1 1 1 Sub-total 829 134 14 20 24 55 2 194 71 11 1 286 176 106 40 2 74 4 37 17 1 135 13 106 0 9 3 35 TOTAL 993* 1. This table has been generated automatically, using the conclusions recorded in the metadata for each judgment contained in HUDOC, the Court’s case-law database. 2. Other judgments: just satisfaction, revision, preliminary objections and lack of jurisdiction. 3. Cases in which the Court held there would be a violation of Article 3 if the applicant was removed to a State where he/she was at risk of ill-treatment. 4. Figures in this column may include conditional violations. * Four judgments are against more than one State: Lithuania and Sweden; Republic of Moldova and Russian Federation (2 judgments); and Romania and Bulgaria. March 2017 European Court of Human Rights Public Relations Unit F-67075 Strasbourg cedex w w w . e c h r . c o e . i n t