WATER PROTECTION



                                   JUDr. Ilona Jančářová, Ph.D.

                                    SOURCES OF LEGAL REGULATION



Act N. 254/2001 Coll., Water Act



-  legal nature of waters

-  use and protection of surface water bodies and ground waters as to their quality and quantity

-  establishment and protection of waterworks

-  protection against floods

                                    SOURCES OF LEGAL REGULATION

   Act N. 258/2000 Coll., Public Health Protection Act



- quality of drinking water

- quality of water in public pools

                                    SOURCES OF LEGAL REGULATION

Act N. 164/2001 Coll., Balneology Act



- sources of mineral water

- natural curing spas and balneotherapeutic places

                                    SOURCES OF LEGAL REGULATION

   Act N. 274/2001 Coll., Water Supply and Sewage Act



-           drinking water supply

-           sewage system

- indirect discharge – the one, which is not discharged  to the surface water body, but into waste
water treatment facility

                                    SOURCES OF LEGAL REGULATION







                                      LEGAL NATURE OF WATERS

                                      DIFFERENT USE OF WATERS



Utilization of energetic potential of waters

Navigation

Consumption for different purposes

Waste water discharge

Fish and poultry production and others

                                 DIFFERENT WAYS OF WATER POLLUTION



•           Waste water discharge

•           Hazardous substances management

•           Industrial and other accidents

                                       AIM OF THE REGULATION

- to protect inland waters

- to regulate their use

- to maintain and improve the quality of surface and ground waters

- reduce unfavorable effects of floods and froughts

- to protect waterworks and to keep them safe

                                         REGULATORY TOOLS



•            Administrative instruments

•            Setting of limitations and standards

•            Protected and protective areas

•            Bans and duties of persons

•            Water planning – river basin plans and program of measures

•            Monitoring, reporting and record-keeping

                                         REGULATORY TOOLS



•           Authorization

•           Economic tools

•           Sanctions

•           River basin administration

•           State administration

                                    ADMINISTRATIVE INSTRUMENTS



•           permits

•           approvals

•           opinions.

                                     LIMITATIONS AND STANDARDS

•           Effluent limitations

•           Water quality standard





                                      SPECIAL AREA PROTECTION



•           Protected areas of natural water accumulation

•           Protective areas

•           Sensitive areas

•           Vulnerable areas

•           Waters suitable for swimming

•           Surface waters supporting fish

                                          BANS AND DUTIES

•           to protect inland waters,

•           to apply the best available technology,

•           to furnish all buildings with a water supply and adequate technology to dispose waste
waters

•           requirements for handling dangerous substances

•           reporting and emergency requirements

•           and others



                                          WATER PLANNING



•                         the plan of the main river basins

•                         regional plans of river basins

•                         programmes of measures to be taken

•                         the action programme

•                         pollution reduction programmes.



                                          ECONOMIC TOOLS

The fees are imposed for:



   - waste water discharge
- dwelling the ground water
- drawing the surface water.

                                             SANCTIONS

•           corrective measures,

•           fines up to 20 million

   crowns,

•           termination the

   operation.



                                    RIVER BASIN ADMINISTRATION



Watercourse administrators

   - state organizations (enterprises) taking care of river basins and significant watercourses.
Smaller watercourses are taken care of by municipalities or other persons who use it in a
prevailing manner.

                                       STATE ADMINISTRATION

Ministry of the Environment

               - state supervision

              - problems with water pollution

Ministry of Agriculture

              - central water law authority

              - mainly quantity of the water

Ministry of Health, hygienists

Ministry of Transportation

Water law offices

Czech Environmental inspectorate