THE INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE 2007
doubt that is warming and
„lt is now beyond doubt that Earth's climate is warming and very likely that most of the increase since the mid-20th century is the result of mankind's activities."
AMERICAN PHYSICIST'S COMMENTARTO AL GORE'S FILM In 2008
„There is no convincing scientific evidence that the human release of greenhouse gases is causing or will in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate."
DONALD TRUMP: On climate change
On November 6, 2012, Donald Trump tweeted: "The concept of global warming was created by ankaufte Chinese in order to make U.S. manufacturing non-c
On October 19, 2015: , "It's really cold outside, they are calling it a major freeze, weeks ahead of normal. Man, we could use a big fat dose of global t warming!" A
CAUSES OF GLOBAL
a) Human activities
■ Fossil fuel combus
■ Land use
■ Decomposition of natural materials
■ Forest fires
■ Vulcanic activities
■ Changes of the Sun
■ Aerosols (water vapor)
CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING
Natural changes of temperature:
■ 1000 a.c. - agricultural settlements in Greenland
■ 14. century - drop in temperature n) decline of settlements in 15. century
■ 1645 - 1715 small ice period (freezing of Lamanche channel and Baltic Sea)
■ 18. century - temperature increase
Average temperature development
Reconstructed Temperature
RELATION OF TEMPERATURE AND C02
SOURCES OF C02 S
CONSEQUENCES
CONSEQUENCES
CONSEQUENCES ...
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (Rio de Janeiro 1992)
Aim: the stabilization of greenhouse gasses
concentrations in the atmosphere at the level that would prevent climate change
Tools: national inventories of greenhouse gasses sources and sinks
national action programs
Obligations: development of ecosystems as GG sinks support technologies for emission reduction monitoring, research, cooperation, info-exchange
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (Rio de Janeiro 1992)
Commitment of Annex I parties to quantified reduction targets (5%) and a timetable for their achievement
Different obligations (CR - 8% reductions of GG concentrations during 2008 - 2012 comparing to the 1990)
Six gasses are covered by the emission reductions commitments (C02, NOx, methane, hydrofluorocarbons,perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride)
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE (Rio de Janeiro 1992)
- further obligations: International cooperation Reforms in energy and transportation sectors
Support of renewable sources of energy Increase of energy efficiency Protection of forests and other green areas
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE KYOTO PROTOCOL
Ways to fulfill obligations:
a) Trade in GG emission
b) Joint implemetation of emission reduction commitments
c) Clean development mechanism
Any party may transfer to or acquire from any other party of Annex I emission reduction credits resulting from the projects
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AFTER KYOTO
■2012 Doha Quatar      Doha Amendments:
■ Commitments to reduce GG emissions by at least 18% bellow 1990 levels from 2013 - 2020 (composition of parties is different, revised list of GG)
■ Adaptation fund
■ Monitoring and precise recording of trades
CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE AFTER KYOTO
2015 - Paris Agreement
■ New global binding agreement
■ New obligations after Kyoto protocol (2020)
■ National obligations to reduce emissions of GHG on a voluntary basis
CONCLUSIONS
Global warming is a problem that is to be solved
There is no scientific evidence that global warming is caused solely by anthropogenii emissions
ways to stop global warming EU - preference of economic approach USA - investments into scientific research, development of new technologies
Procedure to adopt international agreement
es and consequences sentation of the problem in the international community and its recognition as an international problem
draft
signature
ratification or other expression of the consent to be oblidged with the treaty
CONCLUSIONS
If the problem is not sufficiently described and explained, it will be difficult to reach global consesus.
It is not necessary to wait for the agreement, everybody can help.
What can be done to save ou
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Literátu
Jančárová, Ilona: Legal Aspects of Global Warming. Amsterdam Law Forum, Amsterdam : Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Library, 2/2010, 2, od s. 51-60, 10 s. ISSN 1876-8156. 2010. URL Jančárová, Ilona: Vzájemný vztah obchodování s povolenkami na emise skleníkových plynů a integrovaného povolování. In Tkáčiková Jana (Ed.). Ekonomické nástroje v právu životního prostředí. Brno : Masarykova univerzita, 2010. od s. 84-90, 7
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