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Possessio
Katedra dějin státu a práva
JUDr. Bc. Radek Černoch, Ph.D.

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Terminology
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nPos(t)+sedere = possidere
nFactual domination over a thing
nPossessor
nIus possidendi as a part of ownership triad
ncf. it. possedere, eng. possessions
nPossessio ac ususfructus agri provincialis
nBeati possidentes
nUsucapio

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Requisites
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nAnimus possidendi (animus rem sibi habendi)
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nCorporalis possessio (corpus possessionis)

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Gaining of a possession
n
nAnimo utique nostro,
nSubjective part, subjectively incapable does not have it
nimpuberes tutore auctore
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ncorpore vel nostro vel alieno.
nservus
npersonae alieni iuris
nin Iustinian times per liberam personam
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Means of a gaining
nOccupatio (not concerning the will of the previous owner)
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nTraditio (=derivatively)
napprehensio, omnes glebas circumambulare
ntraditio ficticia/symbolica, vacuam possessionem tradere usque ad terminum
ntraditio longa manu (ex turre)
ntraditio brevi manu (a change of animi in case of detention)
nconstitutum possessorium (the owner sells a thing, but keeps it in a detention, the acquirer gains
possession)

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Extinguishment of a possession
n
nDeath of the owner, without heirs, or extinguishment of a thing
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nMissing of one of the requirements, but
npossessio animo retinetur
nsaltus hiberni et aestivi
nservus fugitivus
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n

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Interdicts concerning possession
nInterdicta adipiscendae possessionis – to claim gained things
ninterdictum Quorum bonorum – for the possessor of the inheritance
ninterdictum sectorium – for the winner of an auction
ninterdictum Salvianum – for the gain of the inventory in case when rent has not been paid
nInterdicta retinendae possessionis – protection of possession in court
ninterdictum Utrubi – movables, in last year
ninterdictum Uti possidetis - immovables
nInterdicta recuperandae possessionis – final decision
ninterdictum de vi – intra annum
ninterdictum de vi armata – even gained vi, clam, precario
ninterdictum de precario – 30 years

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Means of controlling a thing
nPossession
nDetention (possessio naturalis/corpore/pro alieno)
nProtection through owner
ne. g. depositary, conductor
nDerived possession
nProtection through interdicts
nsequester, precarium, mortgage
nPossession of a right (possessio iuris, quasi possessio)
nFactual performance of other rights than ownership
nInterdicts as a protection of servitutes

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Suntne vobis quaestiones aliquae?
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nAliter gratias vobis ago…