Juridical Acts and Procedural Law
JUDr. Mgr. Radek Černoch, Ph.D., Department of the History of the State and Law
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Negotium
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§Juridical act, legal act, negozio, Rechtsgeschäft,…
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§vs. otium
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Types of negotium
§regarding property X regarding person
§formal X informal
§abstract X causal
§inter vivos X mortis causa
§onerous X lucrative
§unilateral X bi(or multi)lateral
§iuris civilis X iuris honorarii

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Contents of negotium
§Essentialia
§Naturalia
§Accidentalia
§condicio
§suspensiva
§resolutiva
§dies
§a quo
§ad quem
§modus
§simplex
§qualificatus

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Validity of negotium
§Subject
§Object
§possible and allowed (not contra legem, in fraudem legis, contra bonos mores)
§Expression of will
§formal X informal, expressed X implied, Qui tacet consentire videtur, ubi loqui potuit et debuit.
§Accordance of will and its expression
§Error (next slide)
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Error
§Error probabilis
§Error essentialis
§in persona
§in negotio
§in corpore
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§in qualitate
§in substantia

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Limited capacity to act legally
§Age: Impuberes (infantes+infantia maior), Puberes (minores XXV annorum+above 25)
§tutela impuberum, cura minorum
§Sex (tutela mulierum, virgines Vestales, ius 3/4 liberorum)
§Psychical incapacity (cura furiosi)
§Physical incapacity (cura debilium)
§Prodigality (cura prodigi)
§Infamia/turpitudo
§+cura bonorum, cura ad actum/ad hoc

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Civil procedure
§Legis actiones
§Formulary systém
§In iure
§LITIS CONTESTATIO
§Apud iudicem
§Cognitio extra ordinem

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Types of actiones
§[with name] X utiles X in factum conceptae
§in rem X in personam
§rei persecutoriae X poenales
§in simplum X in multiplum
§perpetuae X temporales
§iuris civilis X iuris honorarii
§stricti iuris X bonae fidei
§ficticiae
§aestimatoriae

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Are There Any Questions?
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§… if not, thank You for Your attention

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