pruh+znak_PF_13_gray5+fialovy_RGB PF_PPT_en Zápatí prezentace Middle ages www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Zápatí prezentace 2 Early Middle Ages nBohemia part of Great Morava – around 867 nBohemian principality n935 – constituation of the teritory n995 – liquidation of Slavník family n1029 – Moravia a part of our state n1035 – Statutes of Gniezdno (Břetislav decree) n1085, 1158 Kings tittle for Vratislav II. and Vladislav II. n n www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Bohemian kingdom 13th century n1212 Bohemian kingdom nStrong kings Přemysl I. Otakar, Vaclav I., Přemysl II. Otakar (not succefull candidate on emperor title – competitor of Habsburg) nVáclav II. – king of Bohemia and Poland nVáclav III. – King of Bohemia, Poland and Hungary Zápatí prezentace 3 www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Bohemian kingdom 14th century nVáclav II. nReforms – finances (Prague penny, „groš“) nIus regale montanorum 1300 nVáclav III. assassinated nInterregnum (Henry of Kärten, Rudolph Habsburg, Henry of Kärten) n1310- 1346 John of Luxemburg n1346 -1378 Charles IV nMajestas Carolina – draft of codification of the Land Law order (not successfull) n1378-1419 Václav IV n Zápatí prezentace 4 www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Bohemian kingdom 15th century n1415 – Jan Hus burned in Kostnice as a heretic nHis followers revolting n1419 – defenestration in town hall in New City of Prague, king Václav IV died x czechs will not to have as king his brother Zikmund (king of Hungary) nStart of the „hussit revolution“ n1421 – Council in Čáslav – towns have a share on the state affairs, beginning of a state of professions n1432 Battle of Domažlice – last cruciate was defeed – begin of negotiations with Concil in Basel n1437 „Basilejská kompaktáta“ – recognitions of hussits, with reservations – both hussits „utrakvists“ and catholics (sub una specie) n2 half of 15th century – conflict with Hungary nBohemian King Jiří of Poděbrady (an effort to unite the Europe against the Turks, not succesful) nJagello dynasty – catholic, but toleration of utrakvists and lutherans Zápatí prezentace 5 www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Bohemian Kingdom in 16th century n1526 – Ludvík Jagellonský died in battle of Moháč Hungary) – bohemian and hungarian kingdom without the king nVote of Habsburg dinasty in both kindoms nFerdinand I. tended to centralisation n1547 – 1st. Revolution of professions x defeated, less power for towns n1609 – Majesty of Rudolf II. – guarantee of religious freedom n1618 – catholics with a support of a king restricting non-catholics – third defenestration in Prague – the beginning of 30-years war (to be continued….) Zápatí prezentace 6 pruh+znak_PF_13_gray5+fialovy_RGB PF_PPT_en Zápatí prezentace 7 The relationship of the Czech state and the Holy Roman Empire www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Zápatí prezentace 8 Holy Roman Empire and Bohemia n935- Death of Václav I. (Hl. Wenceslaus) n935-972? – Bolesav I. – constituing of Czech state nConflict with Saxony x ended in 950 – then cooperation with empor Oto (955 battle on Lech) n1002-1003 polish invasion by Boleslav the Brave – czech duke Jaromír aks for feud the empor of Holy roman Empire n www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Holy roman Empire and Bohemia II. nBegin of 11 century – part of Empire nRex pro persona grata:Vratislav II (around 1087 – by empor Heinrich IV) Vladislav II (1157 – Barbrarossa battle of Milan) nEnd 12th century: century – Moravian Markgraf n1212 – Golden Bula of Sicily – Czech Kingdom nend of 13 century – Bohemian King one of Kurfürts nBegin of 14. century – The Přemysl dinasty death by sword (+Wencel III. assassinated In Olomouc) – the Bohemian Kingdom is free for feud – the Epmor Fridrich give it to his son Rudolf of Habsburg (he died one year later) nGolden bula of Charles IV – privileged position of Bohemian Kingdom – the king has full jurisdiction on the teritory of kingdom n Zápatí prezentace 9 www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Civitas – the town in legal sense nHalf of 13th century – creation of the first towns in legal sense nCreated by a monarch (1222 Uničov) nRights nPolitical – self-goverment and own court (not a kings official as a judge) nEconomical – the right to make beer, the right of a mile (banning the crafts withing 1 mile of the town, approx. 13 kilometers) nLegal families – Magdeburg and „Nürberg“ family nSchöppenbuch (Notarius Johannes – Brno, half 14th Century) nEfforts for codification nBeginning of 16th century, protection against nobility nPavel of Koldín – the rights of the Prague Old Town – „Nürberg legal family“ n1579 – Rights of towns in Czech kingdom n Zápatí prezentace 10 www.law.muni.cz PF_PPT_nahled PF_PPT_en2 Important legal monuments nIus regale montanorum – mining code for Kutná Hora (used by mining Court in Jihlava), influence on codification in Hungary, Spain and South America n n„Vladislavské zřízení zemské“ – only codification of the law of the land, that was initiated by nobility and not by the king n nRights of towns in Czech kingdom – Pavel of Koldín, unification of the rights of towns in Czech lands, Moravia and from the beginning of 18th century partially in Silesia, in force up to 1811 (ABGB) Zápatí prezentace 11