PROCEEDINGS IN COURT OF I. INSTANCE
CONTENTIOUS AND NON-CONTENTIOUS PROCEEDINGS
uAnna Zemandlová
u
uDepartment  of Civil Procedure
uFaculty of Law
uMasaryk University

CONTENTS
uLEGISLATION
u
uCONTENTIOUS PROCEEDINGS IN THE COURT OF I. INSTANCE
vCOURSE OF THE PROCEEDINGS
vCOMMENCEMENT
vPROCEDURAL CONDITIONS
vHEARING
u
uNON – CONTENTIOUS PROCEEDINGS
vLEGISLATION
vDISTINCTION AND FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
vTYPES
u
v

LEGISLATION
uCode of Civil Procedure (No. 99/1963 Coll.) – „CCP“
u
uSpecial Proceedings Act (No. 292/2013 Coll.) „SPA“
u
uAct on Courts and Judges (No. 6/2002 Coll.)
u
uAct on Procedure in District and County Courts (No. 90/1995 Coll.)

CONTENTIOUS PROCEEDINGS IN THE COURT OF I. INSTANCE
COURCE OF THE PROCEEDINGS, COMMENCEMENT, PROCEDURAL CONDITIONS


COURSE OF THE PROCEEDINGS
1.ACTION (commencement of the  proceedings) →
2.PROCEDURAL CONDITIONS →
3.CORRECTION of action →
4.COMMENT of defendant on action →
5.PREPARING OF HEARING →
6.HEARING →
7.EVIDENCE →
8.DECISION.
u
u
u
u
u
u

PRIOR TO COMMENCEMENT OF THE PROCEEDINGS
u
uSettlement proceedings (settlement of the conflict, agreement approval) - § 67 – 69 CCP
uPreliminary measures (temporary regulation of relationships, examination of judgement is
endangered) - § 74 – 77a CCP
uSecuring of evidence (later cannot be carried out) - § 78 – 78g CCP
u
u
u
u

COMMENCEMENT OF THE PROCEEDINGS
ACTION, GENERAL AND SPECIAL REQUISITES


COMMENCEMENT
uAction (principle of autonomy/free disposition)
u
uEssentials
v General - § 42 CCP
v Special - § 79 (1) CCP
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u
u

ESSENTIALS I
uGENERAL
u
uForm (written: electronic, personally written, by fax) - § 42 (1 – 3) CCP
u
uContent  (§ 42 /4/ CCP)
vto which court
vby whom
vin what matter and for which purpose
vdate, signature
v
•
u
u
u
u
u

ESSENTIALS II
uSPECIAL (§ 79 /1/ CCP)
vIdentification of the parties:
•Name, surname/name/identification of the state body entitled to act on it´s behalf
•residence (seat)
•(identification number)
v(Identification of the representatives)
vExplanation of the decisive facts
vIdentification of evidence ivoked by plaintiff (must be attached)
vSpecification of claim (what is demanded)
•
u
u
u
u
u

CORRECTION OF ACTION
u Incomplete action (defects, vague) - § 43 CCP
uCall for correction (including instructions)
u  Rejecting
u

PROCEDURAL CONDITIONS
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES, JUDICIAL SYSTÉM, COURTS HIERARCHY


TERMINOLOGY
uPROCEDURAL CONDITIONS – formal conditions that must be fulfilled before court considers and
decides a case (§ 103 CCP)
u
uLack of the condition/s → cannot be/has not been removed  → discontinuation of the proceedings
u
u

CLASIFICATION I
uRELATING TO COURT (§ 104 – 105 CCP)
vJurisdiction (court/other authority)
vMaterial competence (county/disrtict court, subject matter of the case)
vLocal competence (particular court)
u
uRELATING TO PARTICIPANTS
vCapacity
•to be a participant (§ 19 CCP) → procedural sucsession
• procedural capacity (to act within he proceedings;    § 20 CCP) → representation (advocate,
guardian)
u

CLASIFICATION II
uNEGATIVE PROCEDURAL CONDITIONS
v
vPending case with same subject matter
vRes iudicata (decision that came into force and that was issued in the same case)
u
u COURT FEE

PREPARATION OF HEARING
BASIC FACTS, ARRANGEMENT.


BASIC FACTS
uX  discontinuation
uX  rejection of action
u
u→  PREPARATION OF HEARING
v which facts are disputed
v summary of evidence
vshould lead to taking a decision within first (and the only) hearing

ARRANGEMENTS
uCall for written comment of the defendant (including designation of evidence; § 114a CCP)
u
uRuling - call for written commment of the defendant under sanction of loosing the case
(presumption of admitting the claim; § 114b CCP) → judgement according to this admission
u
uPreliminary hearing (clarifing: procedural conditions, facts of the case; seeking settlement of a
dispute; § 114c CCP)

MEASURES FOR EXPEDITING THE PROCEEDINGS
BASIC FACTS AND PURPOSE


BASIC FACTS AND PURPOSE
u  Introduced by Act No. 7/2009 amending CCP
u  Purpose – expediting the proceedings, effectivity, procedural economy
u
u Limitation of:
v Statement of the fundamental facts
v Designation of evidence to profof the facts
uUntill the end of the first hearing (preliminary hearing) - § 118b CCP

HEARING
BASIC FACTS


THE BASIC FACTS
u General rule - hearing takes place in every case (exemptions – agreement of the parties - § 115a
CCP)
u Hearing is public (exepmtions - § 116 CCP)
u Basic rules for course of hearing - § 118 CCP
u Clarification of the fundamental facts (matter of fact, matter of dispute)
u Carrying out the evidence
uAdvice concerning legal qualification of the case, limitations according to § 118a CCP (statement
and evidence obligation)
u

NON - CONTENTIOUS PROCEEDINGS
LEGISLATION, DISTINCTION BETWEEN CONTENTIOUS AND NON – CONTENTIOUS PROCEEDINGS, FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES, COMMENCEMENT

LEGISLATION
u
uLex specialis - Act on Special Proceedings (No. 292/2013 Coll.)
u
uLex generalis (subsidiarity) – Code of Civil Procedure
u
u

DISTINCTION AND FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
u
u
u
uContentious Proceedings
u
uDispute between two parties
vplaintiff
vdefendant
u
uPrinciple of autonomy/ free disposition with action, suit, claim
u
uNon – Contentious Proceedings
uProtection of rights and modification of legal relationships among participants
uGroup of participants
vapplicant
vwho´s rights might be affected
vwho is called by the law
v

DISTINCTION AND FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
u
u
u
uContentious Proceedings
u
u
uEvidence (duty and burden of proof)
u
uDecision (decalartory)
uNon – Contentious Proceedings
uCourt intervention (ex offo commencement, investigation of the basic facts, no burden of proof..)
u
uLimitation of participants´ autonomy
u
uDecision (termination/changes/establishiment of legal relations)

TYPES
u
uListed in § 2 SPA:
vSelected issues concerning legal persons
vDetention proceedings
vInheritance proceedungs
vMarital and registered partnerhis cases
vCases concerning minors
vAdoptions
vEstablishing parenthood
vEtc.
u
u
u

THANK YOU
uANNA.ZEMANDLOVA@LAW.MUNI.CZ