Adobe Systems 1 Law of property & intellectual property law Associated professor Pavel Koukal, Ph.D. Faculty of Law, Masaryk University Adobe Systems Czech Law of Property 2 Content ̶Common principles ̶Introduction ̶Characteristics of absolute property rights ̶Sources of law ̶Law of property ̶Possession ̶Right of ownership ̶Joint ownership ̶Rights in rem to another person‘s property ̶Intellectual property law ̶Introduction ̶Copyright ̶Industrial property rights (patents, industrial designs) Adobe Systems Czech Law of Property 3 Things (Objects) in a Legal Sense ̶Private (civil) law, Civil Code (Act. No. 89/2012 Coll.) ̶Private rights ̶Personal rights – related to the person ̶Property rights – bound to the thing (objects in legal sense) ̶Things (objects) in a legal sense ̶Legal definition – section 489 of Act No 89/2012 Coll., the Civil code ̶Distinction: true (real) thing x thing in a legal sense ̶Division of things (objects) in a legal sense •Movables x immovables •Tangible x intangible Types of Ownership of Immovable Property | AdvocateSelvakumar Adobe Systems Czech Law of Property 4 Charasteristics of absolute property rights ̶Absolut effects ̶Exhaustive list of rights – numerus clausus ̶Publicity ̶Priority ̶Transferability Adobe Systems 5 Sources of Law ̶Comparative insight ̶case law x statutory law ̶Constitutional protection – Art. 11 Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, Art. 1 Protocol European Convention on Human Rights ̶Balan v. Moldova (19247/03) ̶Anheuser Busch Inc. v. Portugal (73049/01) ̶National source of private law: Civil code ̶Sources of intellectual property law ̶Copyright act, Trademark act, Law on protection of Industrial designs Czech Law of Property Adobe Systems 6 Law of Property Adobe Systems 7 Possession ̶Possession = actual control of a thing or right (Sec. 987 Civil Code) ̶Principal features ̶corporalis possessio = effective control ̶animus possidendi = the intention to hold ̶Obtaining a possesion ̶one-sidedly ̶two-sidedly ̶Termination of the possession (Sec. 1009 Civil Code) ̶Protection of the possession ̶retaining protection (Sec. 1003 Civil Code) ̶recovering protection (Sec. 1006 Civil Code) Czech Law of Property Věcná práva v NOZ - držba | Právní prostor Adobe Systems 8 Right of Ownership ̶Right of ownership (Sec. 1012 Civil Code) ̶ius possidendi = right to possess property ̶ius utendi et fruendi = right to use and to enjoy (to receive a proceeds from) property ̶ius disponendi = right to dispose of (to sell) property ̶ius abutendi, ius dereliqendi = right to destroy or abandon ̶Acquisition of the ownership ̶originally ̶derivatively ̶Protection of the ownership ̶action for the recovery of the property (rei vindicatio) (Sec. 1040 Civil Code) ̶action for injunctive relief (actio negatoria) (Sec. 1042 Civil Code) Czech Law of Property Jak sepsat majetek domácnosti pro případ pojistné události? Adobe Systems 9 Joint Ownership ̶Joint ownership = right of ownership belonging to more than one person (Sec. 1115 ff. Civil Code) ̶Forms of co-ownership ̶divided ̶undivided (joint property of spouses) ̶Co-ownership share = degree of participation in the common thing ̶ ̶Acquisition and protection = the same as of right of ownership ̶ ̶Termination of joint ownership ̶by an agreement ̶upon court decision Czech Law of Property Adobe Systems 10 In rem Rights to the Property of Others ̶= rights of the beneficiary to another‘s property ̶Right of superficies = right to build a building (Sec. 1240 Civil Code) ̶ ̶Easements (Sec. 1257 Civil Code) ̶Servitudes ̶Real burdens ̶ ̶Pledge (Sec. 1309 Civil Code) Czech Law of Property Právo stavby – výjimka z pravidla Povrch ustupuje půdě. Co to znamená? Adobe Systems 11 Intellectual Property Law Adobe Systems Czech Law of Property 12 General Overview ̶Intellectual property = results created by human intellectual or economic activity ̶Characteristics of intellectual property assets ̶Immaterial nature ̶Ubiquity = present anywhere and at any time •Vs. legal principle of territoriality of intellectual property protection ̶Non-rivality ̶Intellectual Property ̶Copyright (author‘s right) – research publications, software, literary works, movies etc. ̶Industrial property rights – patented inventions, trademark, industrial designs, designations of origin ̶World intellectual Property organization (WIPO), EUIPO, EPO, WTO Adobe Systems 13 Copyright ̶Act. No. 121/2000 Coll., on Copyright and Related Rights and on Amendments to Certain Acts (Copyright Act) ̶Copyright = protection of author‘s work (books, software, photos, dramatical works etc.) ̶Protection arises from the moment of creation of the work ̶author - only a natural person ̶Duration: life of the author+70 years ̶Copyright ̶Moral rights ̶Economic rights ̶Collecting societies (collective management organizations) ̶ Czech Law of Property Copyright Infringement Pitfalls in the Online Arena | Expert Commentary | IRMI.com Adobe Systems 14 Patent Protection ̶Act. No. 527/2000 Coll., on Inventions and Rationalization Proposals ̶Patent = right of an patent owner to exclude others from using their invention ̶Requirements for patentability ̶Novelty ̶Non-obviousness (inventive step) ̶Industrial applicability ̶(Non)Patentable inventions ̶Procedure - The Industrial Property Office ̶patent application + description ̶fee payment ̶publication ̶Duration of the patent protection – 20 years ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ Czech Law of Property The 10 Must-Have Ingredients for a Successful Invention Adobe Systems 15 Trademarks ̶Act. No. 441/2003 Coll., on Trade Marks and on Amendments to Act No. 6/2002 Coll., on Courts, Judges, Presidents and the State Administration of Courts and on Amendment to Some Other Acts (Act on Courts and Judges) ̶Trademark = sign with a distinctive character designating a certain products or services ̶Rights of a trademark owner ̶Requirements for trademark protection ̶Distinctiveness ̶Registrability in Trademarks Register ̶Procedure ̶application ̶fee payment ̶ ̶Validity of trademark – 10 years, may be extended for another 10 years ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ ̶ Czech Law of Property Adobe Systems 16 Industrial Designs ̶Act. No. 207/2000 Coll., on the Protection of Industrial Designs ̶Industrial designs = protects an aesthetical appearance of a product ̶Requirements for registration ̶Novelty ̶Individuality = must not give the same impression ̶Procedure ̶The Industrial Property office ̶application form ̶fee payment ̶Protection period – 5 years, may be extended up to 25 years ̶EU unregistered industrial designs ̶ ̶ Czech Law of Property Fiat Panda 40th Anniversary Design Sketches IAAD - Car Body Design Adobe Systems 17 ̶Act. No. 452/2001 Coll., on the Protection of Designations of Origin and Geographical Indications and on the Amendment to the Act on Consumer Protection ̶Designation of origin = protects the name of the product that must be prepared, processed and produced in certain geographical region ̶Geographical indications = protects the names of product that is at least prepared or processed or produced in certain geographical region ̶Procedure ̶The Industrial Property offce ̶Group of people ̶application ̶fee payment ̶Protection period - unlimited ̶ ̶ ̶ Czech Law of Property Designation of Origin, Geographical Designations Gorgonzola – Wikipedie Adobe Systems 18 Thank you for your attention.