REVISION ACTIVITIES FOR MID-SEMESTER Word formation: nouns into adjectives Extremely high percentage of (kidney) ______ calculi contain calcium. (20) (Artery) _________ blood is the oxygenated blood in the circulatory system found in the lungs, the left chambers of the heart, and in the arteries. (21) Losing weight, eating healthy foods, being active and not smoking can help prevent (vessel) __________ diseases. (22) The air we breathe passes though the (nose) ________ cavity to be warmed up. (23) What are (urine) _________ tract infection (UTI) symptoms and signs in women? (24) Write appropriate terms for the definitions below. 17-22 ___________ = the portion of the brain which controls the pituitary gland and plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis ___________ = the third part of the colon which goes down the left side of the body ___________ = a surgical repair of a blood vessel ___________ = a small tube-shaped structure (looks like a worm), attached to the cecum, serves no major function but can become seriously infected __________ = a medical condition which makes breathing difficult by causing the air passages to become narrow or blocked __________ = an illness in which waste matter is emptied from the bowels much more frequently than normal, and in liquid form Fill in the gaps with one missing word. FILTRATION Filtration is the __________ of water and dissolved __________ through a membrane from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. In the body, the pressure of blood in the capillaries is __________ than the pressure of the interstitial fluid, or the fluid surrounding the body's cells. Thus, through filtration, blood __________ (fluid portion of blood) and nutrients such as amino acids, glucose, and vitamins are forced through the capillary __________ into the surrounding interstitial fluid to __________ used by the cells. The pressure of the blood in the glomeruli is higher than in other types of capillaries in the body. This high pressure forces plasma, dissolved waste substances, and small proteins out of the glomeruli and into the Bowman's capsules. The process is called glomerular filtration. Blood cells and larger proteins are __________ large to be forced out of the glomeruli, so they remain in the blood. The pressure in a Bowman's capsule is low and its inner membrane is __________, so the material that filters out __________ a glomerulus passes into the capsule. The fluid and material in a Bowman's capsule is referred to as renal filtrate, __________ is very much like blood plasma, except it contains very little protein and no blood cells. Write a suitable word for the definitions given. _______________ - the gland that produces the oily liquid that moisturizes your skin _______________ - an ulcer caused by lying in bed for a long time, e.g. when ill, paralysed _______________ - a collapse of the heart _______________ - inflammation of the lungs _______________ - a hollow chamber of the kidney _______________ - an object that disabled people use for transport _______________ - a type of itchy red spots on your skin _______________ - an injury to body in a war _______________ - a scarf you wear to support your broken arm _______________ - a hospital ward for people injured in accidents Change the parts of speech. NOUN ADJECTIVE artery kidney duodenum surgery vessel nose NOUN/ADJECTIVE VERB (infinitive) perspiration a swelling a breath reproductive urine inhalation Explain the following terms in your own words. thrombocytes __________________________________________________________________________ urination __________________________________________________________________________ a valve __________________________________________________________________________ bile __________________________________________________________________________ a freckle __________________________________________________________________________ a bruise __________________________________________________________________________ crutches __________________________________________________________________________ to hiccup __________________________________________________________________________ homeostasis __________________________________________________________________________ endocrine function __________________________________________________________________________ Write their synonyms. tibia tarsal phalanges coccyx mandible Write the opposites. completely outer superior regular apex Complete the gaps. Vitiligo is a patchy __________of pigment in the skin. Mammography is a radiographic study of the breast for the __________of breast cancer. Prostatectomy is a surgical __________of the prostate. I drank too much at the party last night and now I’ve got a terrible __________. The doctor told me to open my mouth and then he put a __________ on my tongue and looked into my throat. Anna was seriously injured in a car crash and was __________ for a few hours after the accident. We’ll have to make four __________ for the cut on your chin. Transform the following sentences. a) relative clauses I got some new antibiotics from my GP. They are really good and they don’t cost that much. The antibiotics ____________________________________________________________________. b) passives The surgeons have just operated the patient from the emergency unit. The patient________ _______________________________________________________________ . c) conditionals Either you leave the building immediately or I’ll call the police. If ______________________________________________________________.