Working length Apexlocators — impedancy X — ray methods lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Working length ■ Aoexlocators - advantages - disadvantages Location of apical constriction Errors Servicing ■ X - rav methods Satisfactory accuracy Irradiation lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 2 Root canal filling lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 10 lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal filling Guttapercha lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal filling lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Ideal root canal filling (Grossman 1988) Easy mixing Sufficient working time Good seal X- ray contrast Easy removal No shrinkage Long term volume stability No bacterial growing No permeability for fluids Biocompatibility No staining lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Classification of root canal fillings > Solid > Semisolid > Pastes lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Guttapercha Dried juice of the Taban tree (Isonandra percha) (gutta) 1,4 - polyisoprene Crystallin structure (60% Brittle lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Guttapercha ■ Beta phase ■ Alpha phase 42 - 49 °C - plastic - Gamma phase 56 - 62° (amorfnf) Cooling process very slowly (less than 0,5°C) — alpha phase normal cooling— beta phase lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Composition of guttapercha materials in endodontic Guttaoercha 19% - 22% Zinc oxide 59 - 79% Heavy metal salts 1% - 7% Wax or resin 1 % - 4% lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Resilon (Pentron) > Thermoplastic synthetic polymer > Points or material for injection Composition: Polyester polymers oactive glass Radioopaque ßllers (bismuthum oxichlorid a and baryum sulphate) lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 23 Silver or titanium cones lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Good adhesion to root canal walls as well as solid cones lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Sealers Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Chloropercha C alciumhydr oxide Resins Glasionomer Silicone lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Importance Sealers Filling of the spaces between the solid cones Seal of the root canal filling lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Zinc - Oxid Eugenol Powder: Zinc oxide Good adhesivity, antimikrobial effect, cytotoxic, resorbable) lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Zink Oxid Eugenol sealers Pulp Canal Sealer (Kerr, USA)) Tubuli- Seal (Kerr, USA) Caryosan (Spofa Dental, ČR) lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Chloropercha Canadian balsam Guttapercha Zinc oxide ■ lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Calciumhydroxide sealers Base (powder) Calcium hydroxide Zinc oxide Other components and vehicula lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Kalciumhydroxidové sealery Catalystr (paste) Zinc stearat Titanium dioxide Baryum sulphate or Eugenol,. Eukalypt others lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Kalciumhydroxide sealers > Increase of the healig potential of periapical tissues B > Antibacterial effect > Easy manipulation But! Resorbable if not homogeneus Not suitable for the single cone lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Resins ^Rezorcin formaldehyd > Epoxide ^Polyketone ^ Metacrylate lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Rezorcin — formaldehyd resins Toxicity N2. Endomethason, Riebler's Daste, Foredent lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Epoxide resin ^Base (powder, paste) Bismuth oxid Titanium dioxide Hexametylentetramine (Silver) ^ Catalyst (liquide, paste) Bisphenoldiglycidylether lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Epoxid resin (advantages) ^ Long working time ^Hydrophilic (good penetration) ^Good adhesion to the root canal walls Volume stability ^No dissolution ^Antibacterial lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Epoxidové pryskyřice ^ Difficult removal Staining ^ Initiatiory toxicity No suitable for the single cone technique lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Polyketone ^ Base Zinc oxide Bismuth phosphate Hexametylentetramine Liquid Bisphenolglycidylether and other components lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Polyketon resins Advantages Good adhesion No contraction No dissolution Disadvantages High stickness Not removable Products: Diaket, Diaket A (3M ESPE) lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Methacrylate resins Endo ReZ ÍUltradenť) - UDMA For injection — single cone technique Epiphany (Pentron) Bis- GMA, etoxy bif- GMA, hydrophilic bifunctional methacrylate s Calcium hydroxide, baryum sulphate, baryum glass silica. Sealer in combination with Re silon lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Glasionomer sealers ^Base (powder) Aluminium silicate glass > Liquid Poly acrylic acid, polymaleic acid, tartaric acid lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Glasionomer sealers (Advantages and disadvantages) Advantages: Curing under wett conditions, chemical bonding to hard dental tissues, no staining Disadvantages Short working time, difficult removal, porous Products Ketac Endo (3M ESPE), Endion (VOCO) lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Silicon based sealers Polyvinylsiloxane (ev. in mixture with powdered guttapercha Biocompatibility Hydro fillic Further investigation desirable. lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal filling ■ A cone inside the sealer — core material Guttapercha Resilon Silver cones Custom cones lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal filling Guttapercha Trans isomer of polyisoprene 2 crystalline forms (alpha, beta) Beta — room temperature Alpha after heating Various process of cooling Extremly slow cooling: Aplha phase recrystalize. 65°. Less shrinkage, more dimensionally stable lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal filling Guttapercha 20% gutta-percha 65% zink oxide 10% radioopacifiers 5% plasticizers lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal filling Guttapercha Cones: conventional and standardized sizes Conventional: dimension of the tip and body Standardized cones are designed to match the taper of the instrument. lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Root canal fillings - forms E Points (Cones > Materials for injection ^Plastic materials lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 49 Instruments Lentulo Compactors □ Compactors - carriers □ Others lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Lentulo >delivers pastes M ,5 - 2 mm ahead >at most for Ca (OH) lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 51 Compactors lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 52 Compactors "711 Plugger Hfl l., L / -\ Not pointed II Vertical introduction lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 1*1 _j^^H^ \fertical condensatuion - compaction 53 Paste only •Shrinkage, difficult removal lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 56 Warm lateral condensation lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 60 lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 62 Vertical condensation lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Injection lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz [^■ÍSiLIHIBII^IIlISilWLV^ir^^MBIBLtSUKIILH s nepravidelným tvarem lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz Fáze plnění 2. Backfill BeeFillem hermeticky uzavřeme a zaplníme zbývající část kanálku kulatého i oválného a uzavřeme postranní ramifikace ve vrchních částech k lenka.roubalikova@tiscali.cz 67