·     Adjustment of the curvature of the lens to allow for vision at various distances.
accommodation (akomodace oka)

·     The clear, transparent fluid within the eyeball between the cornea and the lens.      aqueous
humor (komorová voda)

·     One of the corners of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet.       canthus (oční
koutek, koutek oka)

·     The mucous membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the anterior portion of the
eyeball.          conjunctiva (spojivka oční, konjunktiva)

·     The dark, vascular, middle layer of the eye; part of the uvea.  choroid (cévnatka)

·     The muscular portion of the uvea that surrounds the lens and adjusts its shape for near and
far vision. ciliary body (řasnaté tělísko)

·     Specialized cells in the retina of the eye that respond to light; they have high visual
acuity, function in bright light, and can discriminate colors.        cones (čípky sítnice)

·     Coordinated movement of the eyes toward fixation on the same point.        convergence
(konvergence, souhyb očí)

·     The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
cornea (rohovka)

·     A unit of measurement for the refractive power of a lens.       dioptre/diopter (dioptrie)

·     The normal refractive condition of the eye in which there is clear focus of light on the
retina.          emmetropia (emetropie)

·     The organ of vision. eye (oko)

·     The entire round part of the eye.   eyeball (oční bulva)

·     A protective fold (upper and lower) that closes over the anterior surface of the eye.
eyelid, blepharon, palpebra (oční víčko)

·     The tiny depression in the retina that is the point of sharpest vision.  fovea, fovea
centralis, central fovea (fovea centralis, jamka ve žluté skvrně v sítnici)

·     The back portion of the inside of the eyeball as seen with an ophthalmoscope.       fundus,
optic fundus (oční pozadí)

·     The muscular colored ring between the lens and the cornea; it regulates the amount of light
that enters the eye by altering the size of the pupil at its center.     iris (oční duhovka, iris)

·     Glands in the eyes that secrete tears.      lacrimal glands (slzné žlázy)

·     The transparent, biconvex structure in the anterior portion of the eye that refracts light
and functions in accommodation.   lens (čočka)

·     The small yellowish spot in the retina that contains the fovea.  macula, macula lutea, yellow
spot (makula, žlutá skvrna)

·     A sebaceous gland in the eyelid.   meibomian gland (Meibomova/meibomská žláza)

·     The physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the eyes
and vision  ophthalmologist (oční lékař, oftalmolog)

·     The point where the optic nerve joins the retina; at this point there are no rods or cones;
also called the blind spot or optic papilla       optic disk (slepá skvrna)

·     In US and Great Britain, this specialist holds a Doctor of Optometry degree and specializes
in measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed
optometrist (optometrista)

·     The bony cavity that contains the eyeball, also called the eye socket or eyehole.    orbit,
orbital cavity (oční jamka/důlek, očnice, orbita)

·     The opening at the center of the iris.       pupil (zornice, pupila, zornička, panenka,
zřítelnice)

·     The bending of light rays as they pass through the eye to focus on a specific point on the
retina.          refraction (refrakce, lámání, lom)

·     The innermost, light-sensitive layer of the eye; contains the rods and cones, the specialized
receptor cells for vision.        retina (retina, sítnice)

·     Specialized cells in the retina of the eye that respond to light; they have low visual
acuity, function in dim light, and do not discriminate color.  rods (oční tyčinky)

·     The tough, white, fibrous outermost layer of the eye; the white of the eye.   sclera (skléra,
bělima, bělmo)

·     The framework of dense connective tissue that gives shape to the eyelid; also called tarsal
plate.          tarsus (tarzus, tarzální ploténka očního víčka)

·     The middle, vascular layer of the eye; consists of the choroid, ciliary body, and
iris.        uvea (uvea, živnatka)

·     Sharpness of vision; commonly measured with the Snellen eye chart. visual acuity (ostrost
vidění, rozlišovací schopnost oka)

·     The transparent jellylike mass that fills the main cavity of the eyeball; also called
vitreous humor.          vitreous body (sklivec)

·     A system of fibers that holds the lens in place; also called suspensory ligaments     zonule
(závěsný aparát)