DIGESTIVE SYSTEM III.



Liver
Regio hypochondriaca dx. + regio epigastrica


HEPAR (IECUR)
 Facies diaphragmatica
   - pars superior (area nuda)
   - pars anterior
   - lig. coronarium
   - lig. triangulare dextrum
   - lig. triangulare sinistrum
   - appendix fibrosa hepatis
   - lig. falciforme hepatis
Facies visceralis
Fissura sagittalis sinistra
-lig. teres hepatis
-lig. venosum

Fissura sagittalis dextra
 - fossa vesicae biliaris
 - sulcus v. cavae inferioris (lig. venae cavae)
Lobus dexter
            sinister (tuber omentale)
            caudatus
            quadratus
Processus
caudatus,
papillaris
Porta hepatis
 - vena portae
 - a. hepatica propria
 - ductus hepaticus
   communis
(portal triad)

Hepatic segments
II
III
IVa
IVb
V
VI
VII
VIII

Capsula fibrosa – capsula fibrosa perivascularis
 - v. interlobularis, a. interlobularis, ductus interobularis
   sinusoids v. centralis
Lobulus venae centralis

                                                              V. PORTAE
                                                                   (v. mesenterica sup.
                                                                                  + v. lienalis)
                                                               A. HEPATICA PROPRIA
         - ramus dexter et sinister........... aa. et vv. interlobulares
                                                                        et circumlobulares
→ sinusoids → v. centralis
 → vv. sublobulares

 → VV. HEPATICAE

Canaliculus bilifer – ductulus bilifer
– ductus bilifer interlobularis
– collecting ducts      ductus hepaticus dexter
et sinister – ductus hepaticus communis
+ ductus cysticus = ductus choledochus
Plica longitudinalis duodeni
Ampulla hepatopancreatica
M. sphincter ampullae hepatopancreaticae (Oddi)
Papilla duodeni major (Vater)
Vesica biliaris (fellea)
 - fundus, corpus,
  collum - plica spiralis
180px-Gallstones







Impressio renalis. suprarenalis, duodeni, colica
Impressio oesophagea, gastrica





PANCREAS
 caput, corpus, cauda      membrana retropancreatica (Treitz)
 incisura pancreatis         tuber omentale
 processus uncinatus
 facies anterior
 facies posterior
 facies inferior
 margo superior
 margo anterior
 margo inferior

Exocrine pancreas:                           Endocrine pancreas:
capsula pancreatis                              islets of Langerhans
succus pancreaticus                           insulin, glucagon
ductus pancreaticus
ductus pancreaticus accessorius
m. sphincter ampullae hepatopancreatice
m. sphincter ductus choledochi
m. sphincter ductus pancreatici

Umbilico-axillary line
- point of Desjardin


ERCP – endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography






LIEN, SPLEN
 - extremitas anterior
 - extremitas posterior
 - margo superior – crenae lienis
 - margo inferior
 - facies diaphragmatica
 - facies visceralis – hilum lienis
 - capsula lienis

White pulp, red pulp                    Splenectomy



spleen2



Costoarticular line



ascites
CAVITAS ABDOMINALIS
P – cavitas peritonealis
A – spatium preperitoneale
R – spatium retroperitoneale
S – spatium subperitoneale
                    (infraperitoneale)
S

Cavitas peritonealis - pars supramesocolica, inframesocolica



Pars supramesocolica
Truncus coeliacus


Pars inframesocolica
A. mesenterica superior


Pars inframesocolica
A. mesenterica inferior


Omentum minus - lig. hepatogastricum
                             - lig. hepatoduodenale - a. hepatica propria
                                                                     - v. portae
                                                                     - ductus hepaticus
                                                                       comm.
                                                                       (d.choledochus)

Omentum majus
 - lig. gastrocolicum


Lig. gastrosplenicum, phrenicosplenicum, splenorenale
Mesenterium – radix mesenterii
Mesocolon transversum, mesoappendix, mesocolon
sigmoideum, lig. phrenicocolicum

Bursa omentalis
Internal hernias


Bursa omentalis



Foramen epiploicum/omentale (Winslow)
Recessus sup., splenicus, inf.


Recessus inferior bursae omentalis



Recessus duodenalis
sup., inf., sinister,
retroduodenalis
Recessus intersigmoideus

Ductus omphaloentericus
Ileal diverticulum (Meckel)
Mesenterium dorsale
Septum transversum
Mesogastrium ventrale

Development of the peritoneum
1.peritoneum parietale
2.mesogastrium dorsale
3.anlage of the stomach
4.anlage of the duodenum
5.mesenterium
6.hindgut
7.mesogastrium ventrale
8.liver
9.mesogastrium ventrale
10.peritoneum parietale
11.ductus omphaloentericus
12.umbilicus
13.connecting stalk
14.allantois
15.hindgut
16.
16.

Development of the peritoneum
16.anlage of the bursa
omentalis
17.spleen in the mesogastrium
 dorsale
18.anlage of the pancreas
19.anlage of the caecum
20.anlage of the intestinum tenue
21.umbilicus

Development of the peritoneum
2’. lig. phrenicolienale
2’’. lig. gastrolienale
5’. mesenterium
5’’. mesocolon
6’. anlage of the large intestine
22. omentum majus

Development of the peritoneum
23. mesocolon transversum
24. mesentery of the colon
descendens
25. mesocolon sigmoideum
26. mesentery of the colon
ascendens
27. omentum majus

Illustrations 34, 43,45,47-49 were copied from:
Čihák R: Anatomie 2 (Splanchnologia). Avicenum,
zdravotnické nakladatelství, Praha, 1988.
Remaining illustrations, photographs, and radiographs were
copied from:
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993