DIGESTIVE SYSTEM I.
ORAL CAVITY
DENTITION

GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT – GIT
(APPARATUS DIGESTORIUS)
Oral cavity (Cavitas oralis)
Pharynx
Oesophagus
Stomach (Ventriculus)
Small intestine (Intestinum tenue)
Large intestine (Intestinum crassum)
Salivary glands (Glandulae salivariae)
Liver (Hepar)
Pancreas

TUNICA MUCOSA
      - lamina epithelialis
     - lamina propria mucosae
     - lamina muscularis mucosae
TUNICA SUBMUCOSA
TUNICA MUSCULARIS
TUNICA ADVENTITIA
(TUNICA SEROSA=visceral peritoneum)

VILLI INTESTINALES
PLICAE
PAPILLAE

FOLLICULI
LYMPHATICI SOLITARII
FOLLICULI LYMPH. AGGREGATI
 – PEYER’S PATCHES

PLEXUS SUBMUCOSUS MEISSNERI
PLEXUS MYENTERICUS AUERBACHI
TUNICA ADVENTITIA
(TUNICA SEROSA=visceral peritoneum)

Peritoneum viscerale
Mesenterium
Peritoneum parietale

GLANDS OF GIT:
Intramural – goblet cells
                  -  small salivary glands
                  -  glandulae duodenales
Extramural – great salivary glands
                    -  liver
                    -  pancreas

Regio oralis
Regio frontalis
Regio orbitalis
Regio nasalis
Regio infraorbitalis
Regio zygomatica
Regio mentalis
Regio buccalis
Regio parotideomasseterica

CAVUM ORIS
(CAVITAS ORIS)
Rima oris
Isthmus faucium

CAVUM ORIS
- vestibulum oris
- cavum oris proprium

Labium superius
- sulcus nasolabialis
- pars intermedia
- philtrum
- tuberculum labii sup.
- cheiloschisis
- gnathoschisis
- palatoschisis
Labium inferius
- sulcus mentolabialis
Anguli oris

Papilla parotidea
VESTIBULUM ORIS
Fornix vestibuli sup.
 - frenulum labii superioris
Fornix vestibuli inf.
 - frenulum labii inferioris

Glandulae labiales, buccales, molares
M. orbicularis oris
M. buccinator

RAPHE PTERYGOMANDIBULARIS



CAVUM ORIS PROPRIUM



DIAPHRAGMA ORIS
- m. mylohyoideus
 (raphe mylohyoidea)
- m. geniohyoideus
- m. digastricus

GLANDULAE SALIVARIAE MINORES
 - labiales, buccales, molares, palatinae, linguales
GLANDULAE SALIVARIAE MAJORES
- submandibularis
- sublingualis
- parotis

TRIGONUM SUBMANDIBULARE
- glandula submandibularis
- nodi lymph. submandibulares

GLANDULA SUBLINGUALIS
Caruncula sublingualis:
 - ductus submandibularis
 - ductus sublingualis major
Ductus sublinguales minores







GLANDULA PAROTIS
Fascia parotideomasseterica
Tractus angularis
Ductus parotideus
Glandula parotis
accessoria

PAPILLA PAROTIDEA



N. facialis (CN VII)

- plexus parotideus
V. retromandibularis
A. carotis ext.

SALIVARY GLANDS



PALATUM
Glandulae palatinae
Vasa palatina majora
et minora
Nn. palatini minores
et majores

PALATUM DURUM



Raphe palati
Papilla incisiva
Plicae palatinae transversae

PALATUM MOLLE
(VELUM PALATINUM)
Uvula
Arcus palatoglossus
Arcus palatopharyngeus
Isthmus faucium

TONSILLA PALATINA
Fossa tonsillaris
Plica semilunaris
Fossa supratonsillaris
Plica triangularis
Capsula tonsillaris
Paratonsillar vein
Cryptae tonsillares
Tonsillar pegs

M. levator veli palatini
M. tensor veli palatini
M. uvulae
M. palatopharyngeus
M. palatoglossus
Aponeurosis palatina
Plexus pharyngeus
– CN IX, X
Tensor – CN V




LINGUA – APEX, CORPUS, RADIX



DORSUM LINGUAE
Sulcus terminalis
Sulcus medianus
Foramen caecum
Ductus thyroglossus
Margines linguae
Papillae filiformes
Papillae fungiformes
Papillae foliatae
Papillae vallatae
Tonsilla lingualis
Plica glossoepiglottica mediana
Plicae glossoepiglotticae laterales
Valleculae epiglotticae

Caliculi gustatorii



Facies inferior linguae
Plica fimbriata
Frenulum linguae
Plica sublingualis

M. genioglossus
Aponeurosis linguae


M. hyoglossus
M. styloglossus
M. palatoglossus

Canalis paralingualis – a. et v. lingualis



Septum linguae
M. longitudinalis sup.
M. longitudinalis inf.
M. transversus linguae
M. verticalis linguae

N. lingualis                                      N. hypoglossus (CN XII)
N. glossopharyngeus (CN IX)        A. lingualis


DENTES PERMANENTES
DENTES  INCISIVI  - 2
DENS  CANINUS – 1
DENTES  PREMOLARES – 2
DENTES MOLARES – 3

CORONA  DENTIS
COLLUM  DENTIS
RADIX  DENTIS
enamelum
dentinum
cementum

CORONA:
Facies occlusalis
      - tubercula dentalia
Facies approximales
      - f. mesialis (prox.)
      - f. distalis
Facies vestibularis
      - f. labialis
      - f. buccalis
Facies oralis
      - f. palatina
      - f. lingualis

CAVUM  DENTIS
CANALIS RADICIS DENTIS
FORAMEN APICIS DENTIS
GOMPHOSIS
PERIODONTIUM
– Sharpey’s fibers
PARODONTIUM

DENTES  INCISIVI  - 2
DENS  CANINUS – 1
DENTES  PREMOLARES – 2
DENTES MOLARES – 3










DENTES INCISIVI  - 2
DENS CANINUS – 1
DENTES MOLARES - 2
DENTES  DECIDUI







DENTAL  FORMULA:
Permanent teeth:  I1, I2, C, P1, P2, M1, M2, M3
                                1,  2,  3,   4,   5,    6,    7,    8
Milk teeth:   i1, i2, c, m1, m2
                      I,  II,  III,  IV,  V

1
2
4
3
5
6
8
7

Eruption:
I    6th- 8th month                 I, II, IV, III, V
II   8th-12th month
III 16th-20th month
IV 12th-16th month
V  20th-36th month
Exchange of the teeth:
17th-8th year                      6, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 7, 8
2  8th-9th year
3  11th-13th year
4  9th-11th year
5  11th-13th year
6  6th-7th year
7  12th-14th year
8  17th-40th year




zdravýchrup
Alveolar mucosa (unattached gingiva)
Mucogingival border
Gingiva proper
(attached gingiva)
- gingiva fixa
- gingiva libera
Paramarginal border

Illustrations and photographs were copied from:
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993)