HEART
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM


COR



Atrium cordis
Ventriculus cordis
Septum interatriale
Septum interventriculare

COR
Atrium dextrum
- vena cava sup. et inf.
Ventriculus dexter
- truncus pulmonalis

Atrium sinistrum
vv. pulmonales dextrae et
 sinistrae
Ventriculus sinister
- aorta

Basis, apex
Facies sternocostalis (anterior)
Facies diaphragmatica (inferior)
Facies pulmonalis dx. et sin.
Margo dexter (acutus) et sinister (obtusus)
Sulcus coronarius, sulcus interventricularis ant. et post.
Auricula dextra et sinistra

ATRIUM DEXTRUM

Septum interatriale – fossa ovalis
Ostium v. cavae sup.
Ostium v. cavae inf. –
 valvula v. cavae inf.
Ostium sinus coronarii
Tuberculum intervenosum
Crista terminalis
Auricula dextra –
 musculi pectinati
Ostium atrioventriculare
dextrum - valva tricuspidalis

VENTRICULUS DEXTER
Pars trabecularis - trabeculae carneae
Crista supraventricularis, trabecula septomarginalis
Ostium atrioventriculare dextrum, valva tricuspidalis
– cuspis ant., septalis, post.
Musculi papillares (anterior, septalis, posterior)
Chordae tendineae

VENTRICULUS DEXTER
Pars glabra – conus arteriosus
Ostium trunci pulmonalis – valva trunci pulmonalis –
 valvula semilunaris ant., dx., sin. – lunula, nodulus, sinus

ATRIUM SINISTRUM
Ostia venarum pulmonalium
Musculi pectinati
Septum interatriale –
 fossa ovalis
Auricula sinistra
Ostium atrioventriculare sin.

VENTRICULUS SINISTER
Ostium atrioventriculare sin.– valva bicuspidalis (mitralis) –
cuspis ant. et post. – m. papillaris ant. et post. – chordae
tendineae
Ostium aortae – valva aortae – valvula semilunaris dx., sin.
et post. – lunula, nodulus, sinus aortae dx. et sin. – arteriae
coronariae, bulbus aortae

SYSTOLE
DIASTOLE


























Endocardium, myocardium, pericardium
SKELETON OF THE HEART
Anulus fibrosus dexter, sinister, aorticus, trunci pulmonalis
Trigonum fibrosum dextrum et sinistrum
Pars membranacea septi cordis

MYOCARDIUM
Mm. pectinati
Trabeculae carneae, mm. papillares
Vortex cordis

CONDUCTING SYSTEM (Complexus stimulans cordis)
Nodus sinuatrialis (Bachmann interatrial, anterior, middle and
posterior internodal tracts)
Nodus atrioventricularis (accessory AV connections – Kent
fibres)
Fasciculus atrioventricularis (His) – crus dextrum et sinistrum
Rami subendocardiales - Purkinje fibers

infmi normalECG2 Normal 180px-ECGcolor
Normal ECG
Myocardial infarction
ECG

pacemaker
Artificial pacemaker


PERICARDIUM FIBROSUM
-   basis
-   cupula
-   pars sternalis,
-   partes laterales
-   pars dorsalis
Ligg. pericardiacophrenica
Ligg. sternopericardiaca
A. et v. pericardiacophrenica
N. phrenicus

PERICARDIUM SEROSUM
- lamina parietalis
- lamina visceralis (epicardium)
- cavitas pericardii – liquor pericardii

Porta arteriarum – sinus transversus pericardii
Porta venarum – sinus obliquus pericardii





 A. coronaria cordis dx. - rr. atriales
                                         - rr. ventriculares
         - r. marginalis dx.
                                         - r. coni arteriosi
                                         - r. nodi sinuatrialis
                                         - r. nodi atrioventricularis
                                         - r. interventricularis post.
 A. coronaria cordis sin. - r. interventricularis ant.
                                          - r. circumflexus

Dominance of RCA
                  67%


Dominance of LCA
              15%
Codominance
          18%

Venae cordis
1. Sinus coronarius cordis
    a) v. cordis magna
    b) v. cordis media
    c) v. cordis parva
    d) v. obliqua atrii sinistri
    e) v. posterior ventriculi sinistri
2. Vv. cordis anteriores
3. Vv. cordis minimae

coronary-thrombosis-2-PU Illustration of a normal artery with normal blood flow and an artery with
plaque buildup. Figure A shows an overview of the heart and coronary artery. Figure B shows a
cross-section of the coronary artery with plaque buildup and a blood clot.
Angina pectoris
Myocardial infarction

Coronary thrombosis with heart wire

Lymphatics:
Truncus lymphaticus
 anterior sinister +
 truncus lymph. post. –
 nodus lymph. retroaorticus
Truncus lymph. ant. dx. –
 nodus lymph. praeaorticus
Nerves:
Plexus cardiacus spf.
 (ganglion cardiacum)
Plexus cardiacus prof.
Plexus coronarius dx. et sin.
Nn. cardiaci (symp.)
– accelerantes
Rr. cardiaci (parasymp.)
 – retardantes

Sites of auscultation:
http://www.stethographics.com/heart/images/sites.jpg


Heart shadow:
1.V. brachiocephalica dx.            5.  Arcus aortae
2.V. cava sup.                             6.  Truncus pulmonalis
3.Atrium dx.                                 7.  Auricula sin.
4.V. cava inf.                               8.   Ventriculus sin.

Distantia
mediodextra
Distantia
mediosinistra
Transverse
line = DMd+DMs
Length
Gradient
Area

Coronary angiography – left coronary artery
Right anterior oblique projection
Left anterior oblique projection

Coronary angiography – right coronary artery
Left anterior oblique projection


Illustrations were copied from:
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993
Netter: Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy.
Windows Version 2.0
Čihák R: Anatomie 2 (Splanchnologia). Avicenum,
zdravotnické nakladatelství, Praha, 1988.
http://devblog.winniepalmerhospital.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/lisa_cooper-dietitian_cardiac_re
habilitation-heart_healthy_diet-miranda_schultz-orlando_health-e1361284875836.jpg