REGIONAL ANATOMY OF THE TRUNK •REGIO CERVICALIS •ANTERIOR ET LATERALIS •REGIO CERVICALIS •POSTERIOR • > •REGIO CERVICALIS •ANTERIOR •REGIO CERVICALIS •LATERALIS •REGIO STERNOCLEIDOMASTOIDEA Krajiny krku • •REGIO CERVICALIS ANTERIOR •(TRIGONUM CERVICALE ANTERIUS): • TRIGONUM SUBMENTALE • TRIGONUM SUBMANDIBULARE • TRIGONUM CAROTICUM • TRIGONUM MUSCULARE/ • OMOTRACHEALE • • • • • •REGIO CERVICALIS LATERALIS) •(TRIGONUM CERVICALE POSTERIUS: • TRIGONUM OMOCLAVICULARE • (TRIGONUM OMOTRAPEZIUM) • sejmout0011 •1 – trigonum submentale •2 – trigonum submandibulare •3 – trigonum caroticum •4 – trigonum omotrapezium •5 – trigonum omoclaviculare •9 – trigonum omotracheale • •FOSSA JUGULARIS •FOSSA SUPRACLAVICULARIS • MINOR •FOSSA SUPRACLAVICULARIS • MAJOR •Hyoid bone •PLATYSMA Platysma platysma https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQuzNWBOdzyPbL9m9UPGIJTleVKhoru-0IEu5xVyn2jHBN GkSINvg Plexus cervicalis •Punctum nervosum (Erb) •N. OCCIPITALIS MINOR •N. AURICULARIS MAGNUS •N. TRANSVERSUS COLLI (R. COLLI N. FACIALIS • - ANSA CERVICALIS SPF.) •NN. SUPRACLAVICULARES •V. JUGULARIS EXTERNA Fascie krku •FASCIA CERVICALIS: • •LAMINA • SUPERFICIALIS • PRAETRACHEALIS •(FASCIA BUCCOPHARYNGEA) • PRAEVERTEBRALIS • VAGINA CAROTICA • • SPATIUM • RETROPHARYNGEALE •SPATIUM SUPRASTERNALE •V. JUGULARIS ANT. •ARCUS VENOSUS JUGULI •C1 •C2 •C3 •C4 •C5 •Ansa cervicalis prof. • - radix superior • - radix inferior •N. transversus colli •Ansa cervicalis spf. •(r. colli CN VII) •N. auricularis magnus •N. occipitalis minor •Nn. supraclaviculares •N. phrenicus •Rr. musculares • - m. rectus capitis ant. • - m. rectus capitis lateralis • - m. longus capitis • - m. longus colli • - mm. scaleni • • •CN XII •PLEXUS CERVICALIS (C1 – C4) •CN XI •TRIGONUM SUBMENTALE •PLATYSMA •LAMINA SPF. FASCIAE CERVIC. •NODI LYMPH. SUBMENTALES •M. MYLOHYOIDEUS •M. GENIOHYOIDEUS •M. GENIOGLOSSUS M •TRIGONUM •SUBMANDIBULARE •Nll. submandibulares Nodi lymphatici submandibulares •TRACTUS • ANGULARIS Gl Regio submandibularis 1 •GLANDULA SUBLINGUALIS • •Caruncula sublingualis: • - ductus submandibularis • - ductus sublingualis major • •Ductus sublinguales minores • sejmout0010 •N. LINGUALIS •GANGLION • SUBMANDIBULARE •TRIGONUM •CAROTICUM sejmout0015 •CONTENTS: •V. FACIALIS •V. JUGULARIS INT. •NL. CERVICALES PROF. A.CAROTIS COMM.- • EXT.+INT. •N. VAGUS •N. HYPOGLOSSUS •ANSA CERVICALIS PROF. •GLOMUS CAROTICUM •SINUS CAROTICUS •TRIGONUM •CAROTICUM A.CAROTIS EXT: •A. THYROIDEA SUP. •A. LINGUALIS •A. FACIALIS •A. PHARYNGEA ASC. •A. OCCIPITALIS •A. AURICULARIS POST. •A. STERNOCLEIDOMAST. •A. MAXILLARIS •A.TEMPORALIS SPF. • •Nodi lymph. occipitales •Nll. retroauriculares •Nll. parotidei •Nll. submandibulares •Nll. submentales • •Nll. cervicales ant.spf. et prof. •Nll. cervicales lat. spf. et prof. • (nll. jugulares int. •nll. supraclaviculares) • • • tr. jugularis •Lymphatic drainage •of the head and neck: Nodi lymphatici, of the head and neck of an 8 year-old male Regio infrahyoidea •TRIGONUM •MUSCULARE Pretracheální žilní pleteň Gll • • •coniotomy •(cricothyrotomy) •tracheotomy • • •coniotomy •(cricothyrotomy) •tracheotomy • • •Coniotomy/ •Cricothyrotomy •Inferior tracheotomy http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/download/figures/1752-1947-5-381-1.jpeg http://www.medskills.eu/dropbox/enlarge/36.jpg http://www.marpac.biz/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/twopiececollar-300x195.jpg https://wiki.uiowa.edu/download/attachments/52858034/051%20pod%2055.jpg?api=v2 • •REGIO •STERNOCLEIDO- •MASTOIDEA •Punctum nervosum •(Erb’s point) http://crashingpatient.com/wp-content/images/part1/ij%20and%20subclav.jpg http://www.acep.org/uploadedImages/ACEP/LibraryItems/2efbaa27e1af47cea9d26cecdefa7f661.jpg •TRIGONUM •SCALENOVERTEBRALE •S. SUBCLAVIAE •CONTENTS: •V. SUBCLAVIA •V. JUGULARIS INT. •V. JUGULARIS EXT. •DUCTUS THORACICUS •(TR. LYMPH. DEXTER) •A. CAROTIS COMM. •A. SUBCLAVIA •TR. SYMPATICUS •ANSA SUBCLAVIA •N. VAGUS •NN.+RR. CARDIACI •N. PHRENICUS A.SUBCLAVIA: A. vertebralis Tr. thyrocervicalis Tr. costocervicalis A. thoracica int. •TRIGONUM COLLI LATERALE •TRIGONUM •OMOCLAVICULARE •TRIGONUM •OMOTRAPEZIUM •A. CERVICALIS ASC. •A. CERVICALIS SPF. •CN XI •PLEXUS CERVICALIS •V. JUGULARIS EXT. •A. TRANSVERSA COLLI • •A. SUBCLAVIA •V. SUBCLAVIA •A. SUPRASCAPULARIS •PLEXUS BRACHIALIS •NL. SUPRACLAVICULARES REGIONAL ANATOMY OF THE THORAX •Regions •Lines •Thoracic wall •Regio clavicularis •Regio infraclavicularis •Trig. delto/clavipectorale •Regio pectoralis (pectoralis lateralis, •mammaria, inframammaria •Regio axillaris •Regio presternalis •Linea mediana anterior •Linea sternalis •Linea parasternalis •Linea medioclavicularis •Linea axillaris ant. •Linea axillaris media •Linea axillaris post. •Linea scapularis •Linea paravertebralis •Linea mediana post. http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/776/flashcards/1426776/png/screen_shot_2013-09-03_at_43958_ pm-140E5C62CC80E18296E.png •Mamma •Papilla mammae •Areola mammae • •Glandula mammaria • • •Lymphatic drainage of the breast • • • • • • • • • • • • - nll. axillares • - nll. parasternales • - nll. infraclaviculares • - nll. intercostales • - nll. mediastinales ant. Fig. 789 Lymphatic drainage of the mammary gland and location of the regional lymph nodes. Note the connections between the lymphatic vessels of both sides and the lymphatic drainage into the intrathoracic lymph nodes. •VV. CERVICALES SUPERFICIALES •VV. INTERCOSTALES •VV. THORACOEPIGASTRICAE •VV. THORACICAE LATERALES •VV. THORACICAE INTERNAE •VV. EPIGASTRICAE SUPERIORES • •M. PECTORALIS MAJOR •M. PECTORALIS MINOR •M. SUBCLAVIUS •M. SERRATUS ANTERIOR •MM. INTERCOSTALES EXTERNI •MM. INTERCOSTALES INTERNI •MM. INTERCOSTALES INTIMI • •VAN •M. TRANSVERSUS THORACIS PROJECTION OF ORGANS ONTO THE THORACIC WALL •Cupula pleurae • = Apex pulmonis • •Area interpleuralis sup. •(thymica) •Area interpleuralis inf. •(pericardiaca) •Fissura obliqua •Fissura horizontalis •RADIX PULMONIS •HILUM PULMONIS •LIG. PULMONALE fields MEDIASTINUM mediastinum •Vagina serosa arteriarum – sinus transversus pericardii •Porta venarum – sinus obliquus pericardii •T8 REGIONAL ANATOMY OF THE ABDOMEN •SUPERFICIAL BORDERS OF •THE ABDOMEN •DEEP BORDERS OF THE ABDOMEN • - DIAPHRAGMA • - LINEA TERMINALIS •FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SHAPE: • - SEX • - AGE • - CONSTITUTION • - ALIMENTATION • - CONTENTS • - POSITION • - CONTRACTION OF MUSCLES • - RESPIRATION • • • • •TUBERCULUM • COSTOABDOMINALE > •ANGULUS INFRASTERNALIS • • •FOSSA •EPIGASTRICA > •UMBILICUS – L3/L4 • • • • •M. RECTUS ABDOMINIS •INTERSECTIONES •TENDINEAE > •PUBES > •LINEA XIPHISTERNALIS > •LINEA SUBCOSTALIS > •LINEA INTERSPINALIS > •EPIGASTRIUM > • •MESOGASTRIUM > •HYPOGASTRIUM > •REGIO EPIGASTRICA • > •REGIO HYPOCHONDRIACA •DEXTRA ET SINISTRA • • > • •REGIO UMBILICALIS > • • •REGIO LATERALIS •DEXTRA ET SINISTRA > • •REGIO PUBICA > • • •REGIO INGUINALIS •DEXTRA ET SINISTRA > •LINEA TRANSPYLORICA > •LINEA INTERCRISTALIS > File:McBurney's point.jpg •Appendix vermiformis: McBurney's point •(Monro's line) • •Fundus vesicae biliaris: •Murphy's point •Ventriculus: • •Triangle of Labbé • •transpyloric line •Papilla Vateri: •Umbilico-axillary line •- point of Desjardin •Costoarticular line •SKIN •CAMPER •SCARPA •ABDOMINAL WALL •LINEA ARCUATA obr010 •VV. SUBCUTANEAE ABD. • •V. THORACOEPIGASTRICA •V. EPIGASTRICA SPF. •V. CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM SPF. •VV. PARAUMBILICALES • •Caput medusae •A. EPIGASTRICA SPF. •A. CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM SPF. •AA. INTERCOSTALES •A. SUBCOSTALIS •AA. LUMBALES •A. EPIGASTRICA SUP. •A. EPIGASTRICA INF. •A. CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM PROF. •AA. INTERCOSTALES •A. SUBCOSTALIS •AA. LUMBALES • •NN. INTERCOSTALES •N. SUBCOSTALIS •N. ILIOHYPOGASTRICUS •N. ILIOINGUINALIS •NODI LYMPHATICI AXILLARES •NODI LYMPHATICI INGUINALES SPF. •CANALIS INGUINALIS • •Superior wall: •M. obliquus internus abdominis •M. transversus abdominis • • - M. cremaster •CANALIS INGUINALIS • •Anterior wall: •Aponeurosis m. obliqui •externi abdominis • • Anulus inguinalis spf. • •CANALIS INGUINALIS • •Inferior wall: •Lig. inguinale •CANALIS INGUINALIS • •Posterior wall: •Fascia transversalis: • Anulus inguinalis prof. • Lig. interfoveolare • Trigonum inguinale • (Hesselbachi) • Falx inguinalis • (conjoint tendon) • • •Tractus iliopubicus •Anulus femoralis •Plica umbilicalis mediana • - lig. umbilicale medianum • (chorda urachi) •Fossa supravesicalis •Plica umbilicalis medialis • - lig. umbilicale mediale (laterale) • (pars occlusa a. umbilicalis s. • chorda umbilicalis) •Fossa inguinalis medialis • - direct inguinal hernia •Plica umbilicalis lateralis • - vasa epigastrica inf. •Fossa inguinalis lateralis • - indirect inguinal hernia • •CANALIS INGUINALIS •Foramen v. cavae inf. •Hiatus oesophageus •Hiatus aorticus • •Trigonum sternocostale •Trigonum lumbocostale PERITONEAL CAVITY •ascites •CAVITAS ABDOMINALIS • •P – cavitas peritonealis •A – spatium preperitoneale •R – spatium retroperitoneale •S – spatium subperitoneale • (infraperitoneale) •S •CAVITAS PERITONEALIS • • - pars supramesocolica • - pars inframesocolica • • •Pars supramesocolica •(truncus coeliacus) • •Pars inframesocolica • • •Right infra(meso)colic •compartment • •A. mesenterica superior • •Left infra(meso)colic •compartment • •A. mesenterica inferior SPATIUM RETROPERITONEALE 1.diaphragma 4. m. transversus abdominis 2.11th rib 5. m. quadratus lumborum 3.12th rib 6. m. psoas major 1.fascia renalis 5. corpus adiposum pararenale 2.lamina praerenalis 6. peritoneum 3.lamina retrorenalis 7. fascia transversalis 4.capsula adiposa • 1. 1. CAVITAS PELVIS • > • > •Median section through •the male pelvis • •Median section through •the female pelvis • •CAVITAS PELVIS PERITONEALIS • •EXCAVATIO RECTOVESICALIS •LIGAMENTUM LATUM UTERI •LIGAMENTUM OVARII PROPRIUM •LIGAMENTUM SUSPENSORIUM OVARII •LIGAMENTUM TERES UTERI •EXCAVATIO VESICOUTERINA •EXCAVATIO RECTOUTERINA (DOUGLAS) •A. UTERINA X URETER • •REGIO PERINEALIS •regio urogenitalis •regio analis •REGIO PERINEALIS povrchové hranice pánve •REGIO UROGENITALIS •REGIO UROGENITALIS •REGIO ANALIS •Illustrations were copied from: •Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta. •Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München: •Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993) •Netter: Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy. •Windows Version 2.0 •Čihák R: Anatomie 2 (Splanchnologia). •Avicenum, zdravotnické nakladatelství, •Praha, 1988. •Platzer W. Atlas topografické anatomie. •Grada Publishing 1996 •Thank you for your attention