X-RAYS WITH DESCRIPTION •sutura sagittalis •sutura lambdoidea •sinus frontalis •celullae ethmoidales •septum nasi •cellulae mastoideae •sinus maxillaris •fissura orbitalis sup. •angulus mandibulae •arcus zygomaticus •lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis •upper margin of the petrosal bone •ramus mandibulae •maxilla •concha nasalis inf. •orbita •sutura frontozygomatica •canalis mandibulae •processus mastoideus •roof of the orbit •septum nasi •cavum nasi •margo supraorbitalis •lower incisor •Head - sagittal projection 03 •sinus frontalis •processus palatinus maxillae •sinus maxillaris •sinus sphenoidalis •fossa hypophysialis •meatus acusticus ext. •sutura coronalis •sutura lambdoidea •os nasale •corpus mandibulae •canalis mandibulae •processus condylaris •angulus mandibulae •ramus mandibulae •spina nasalis ant. •dorsum sellae •C2 •lamina ext. et int. •diploe •os petrosum •Head - lateral projection •Spine •- cervical part •sagittal projection •processus spinosus •processus transversus •mandibula •corpus vertebrae •discus intervertebralis •first rib •clavicula •T vertebra •C vertebra •Spine •- cervical part •lateral projection •processus spinosi •C3 •C4 •C5 •C6 •C7 •mandibula •disci intervertebrales •C1 •C2 •dens axis •os occipitale •hyoid bone •articulatio intervertebralis •processus articularis inf. •processus articularis sup. •foramen intervertebrale •tuberculum posterius atlantis •Spine •– thoracic part •sagittal projection •body of the thoracic vertebra •processus spinosus •articulatio costovertebralis •pediculi arcus vertebrarum •discus intervertebralis •ribs •diaphragmatic dome •body of the vertebra •discus intervertebralis •ribs •Spine •– thoracic part •lateral projection •pediculus arcus vertebrae •processus spinosus •os sacrum •discus intervertebralis •processus costalis •corpus vertebrae •processus articularis sup. •processus articularis inf. •articulatio intervertebralis •the lowest rib •Spine •– lumbar part •sagittal projection •processus spinosi •os sacrum •L5 •L4 •L3 •L2 •L1 •discus intervertebralis •corpus vertebrae •pediculus arcus vertebrae •foramen intervertebrale •Spine •– lumbar part •lateral projection •first rib •clavicle •bifurcation of the trachea •hilum of the right lung •stomach bubble •liver •breast border •ribs (posterior parts) •ribs (anterior parts) •aortic arch •stomach •heart •spina scapulae •Thorax •sagittal projection •arcus aortae •ventriculus sin. •tr. pulmonalis •auricula sin. •v. cava inf. •atrium dx. •v. cava sup. •v. brachioceph. dx. •Thorax •sagittal projection •heart shadow • •cavitas glenoidalis •clavicula •processus coracoideus •acromion •tuberculum majus •tuberculum minus •tuberculum infraglenoidale •humerus •posterior parts of ribs •anterior parts of ribs •scapula •Shoulder •sagittal projection •olecranon •caput radii •processus coronoideus •articulatio humeroradialis •Humerus •fossa olecrani •radius •ulna •tuberositas radii •epicondylus med. humeri •epicondylus lat. •humeri •collum radii •articulatio humeroulnaris •articulatio radioulnaris proximalis •Elbow •sagittal projection •humerus •ulna •radius •olecranon •trochlea •processus coronoideus •caput radii (circumferentia articularis) •Elbow •lateral projection •ulna •radius •os scaphoideum •metacarpal bones •proximal •distal •middle •phalanges •basis •caput •corpus •os lunatum •os triquetrum+pisiforme •os trapezium •os trapezoideum •os capitatum •os hamatum (+ hamulus) •caput •corpus •basis • •phalanx •1 •2 •3 •4 •5 •Hand - adult •dorsopalmar projection •ossa sesamoidea •carpal bones • • • •Hand - child •4,5 years •Pelvis •sagittal view •os sacrum •art. sacroiliaca symphysis •foramen obturatum •crista iliaca hip joint •os pubis •fossa iliaca •foramina sacralia •spina iliaca ant. sup. •tuber ischiadicum •linea arcuata •femur •os coxae •caput femoris •acetabulum •fossa acetabuli •femur •trochanter major •trochanter minor •fossa trochanterica •crista intertrochanterica •foramen obturatum •collum femoris •Hip joint •sagittal projection •os coxae •Knee joint •sagittal projection •fossa intercondylaris •condylus medialis tibiae •femur •patella •tibia •fibula •condylus lat. tibiae •epicondylus med. femoris •epicondylus lat. femoris •tuberculum intercondylare mediale •tuberculum intercondylare lat. •Knee joint •lateral projection • •condylus lateralis •condylus medialis •base •apex •eminentia intercondylaris •tibia •fibula •tuberositas tibiae •apex capitis fibulae •caput fibulae •femur •patella •Talocrural joint •sagittal projection •malleolus lateralis •malleolus medialis •facies articularis inf. tibiae •facies articularis malleoli medialis •facies articularis malleoli lateralis •trochlea tali •facies malleolaris lat. •facies malleolaris med. •facies sup. •incisura fibularis tibiae •tibia •fibula •talus * * * •Talocrural joint •lateral projection •Talus •facies articularis inf. tibiae •processus post. tali •caput tali •calcaneus •tibia •os cuboideum •collum tali •processus lat. tali •sustentaculum tali •articulatio subtalaris •Foot •Dorsoplantar projection •phalanges •metatarsal bones •tarsal bones •Tibia •Fibula •talus •calcaneus •os naviculare •1. •2. •3. •1 •2 •3 •4 •5 •corpus •caput •basis •basis •corpus •caput •ossa sesamoidea •1., 2., 3. = ossa cuneiformia mediale, intermedium et laterale • • • •calcaneus •ossa cuneiformia •Foot •lateral projection •talus •sinus tarsi • • • Oesophagography (barium swallow) sagittal projection •oesophagus •pharynx (recessus piriformis) •valeculla epiglottica •oesophagus •thoracic vertebrae •diaphragm •ribs Oesophagography (barium swallow) lateral projection X-ray of the stomach (barium swallow) •bulbus duodeni •duodenum •pylorus •body of the stomach •incisura angularis •jejunum stomach •stomach bubble in the fundus •cardia Cholecystography •the lowest rib •gallbladder •fundus •T 12 •L1 •os coxae •air in the colon •L2 •L3 •Endocsopic retrograde cholangiopanctreaticography (ERCP) •ductus hepaticus comm. •ductus cysticus •ductus pancreaticus •endoscope •ductus choledochus •* •papilla duodeni major •* ERCP Endoskopická retrográdní cholangio-pankreatografie. Kombinace použití rtg paprsků a endoskopu. Dg. Onemocnění jater, žlučníku, žlučovodů a pankreatu. Pac se dají léky pro znecitlivění zadní části hrdla a sedativa pro zklidnění. Pak polyká endoskop přes jícen, žaludek, duodenum až k papila duodeni major (pomocí kamery). Pak do endoskopu zasune trubičku, pomocí které podá KL a snímkuje se. Během vyš. je možné odebírat vzorky tkání (biopsie) k dalšímu vyšetření, event. odstranit žlučové kameny. Pac. Nesmí jíst ani pít od půlnoci před vyš. Barium enema •colon ascendens •colon descendens •flexura colli dx. •flexura colli sin. •colon sigmoideum •colon transversum Double contrast barium enema (DCBE) (irrigography) •caecum •appendix vermiformis •calices renales Descending urography •ureter •vesica urinaria •pelvis renalis Ascending pyelography (retrograde urography) •ureter •calices renales •pelvis renalis •catheter Cystography •vesica urinaria •catheter Hysterosalpingography •tuba uterina cannula •uterus •contrast medium in the peritoneal cavity 99 •A. lienalis •A. gastrica sin. •TRUNCUS COELIACUS •A. hepatica comm. catheter Arteriography of the coeliac trunk •a. gastroduodenalis •a. hepatica propria •a. gastroepiploica sin. •* Aortography •a. lienalis •aa. renales •aa. lumbales •aa. iliacae comm. •a. hepatica comm. •a. sacralis mediana •AORTA Arteriography of the superior mesenteric artery •A. MESENTERICA SUP. •aa. jejunales •aa. ileales •a. ileocolica •a. colica dx. •a. colica media Arteriography of the inferior mesenteric artery •A. MESENTERICA INF. •a. colica sin. •aa. sigmoideae •a. rectalis inf. •Arteriography of the upper limb •a. brachialis •a. radialis •a. ulnaris •a. interossea comm. •a. recurrens radialis •a. recurrens ulnaris •aa. digit. palm. comm. •aa. digit. palm. propriae Arteriography of the hand •a. ulnaris •a. radialis •aa. interosseae •arcus palmaris spf. •arcus palmaris prof. Arteriography of the pelvis •aorta abdominalis •a. iliaca comm. •a. iliaca ext. •a. iliaca int. •a. sacralis mediana •aa. lumbales Arteriography of the lower limb •a. profunda femoris •a. femoralis •a. circumflexa femoris lat. •aa. perforantes •a. genus desc. •a. poplitea •a. genus sup. lat •a. tibialis post. •a. femoralis •a. genus inf. med. Arteriography of the lower limb •v. cava sup. Phlebography of the thorax •v. brachiocephalica dx. •v. brachiocephalica sin. •v. subclavia dx. •v. jug. int. dx. •v. cephalica dx. Phlebography of the upper limb •v. brachialis •v. axillaris •v. cephalica •v. basilica Lymphography of the abdomen and lower limb •nodi lymphatici inguinales spf. •nodi lymphatici iliaci ext. •nodi lymphatici iliaci comm. •nodi lymphatici lumbales Arteriography of the internal carotid artery sagittal projection a. carotis int. a. cerebri media a. cerebri ant. a. carotis int. a. a. cerebri media a. cerebri ant. Arteriography of the internal carotid artery lateral projection Arteriography of the vertebral artery sagittal projection aa. vertebrales a. basilaris aa. cerebri post. a. cerebelli sup. a. vertebralis a. cerebri post. a. basilaris Arteriography of the vertebral artery lateral projection a. cerebelli sup. Head MRI •concha nasalis inf. •lobus frontalis •concha nasalis media • m. rectus sup. •m. obliguus sup. •m. rectus med. •m. masseter •m rectus inf. •cellulae ethmoidales •tongue •septum nasi •* •* •sinus maxillaris Head MRI •cornu inf. ventriculi lat. •ventriculus III. •globus pallidus •ventriculus lat. •septum pellucidum •ncl. caudatus •fissura longit. cerebri •tractus opticus •sulcus cerebri lat. •fornix •corpus mammilare •thalamus •hypophysis •corpora quadrigemina •sulcus hypothalamicus •pons •fourth ventricle •fornix •corpus callosum Head MRI •* •* fastigium •septum pellucidum •gyrus cinguli •putamen •capsula externa •fornix •globus pallidus •corpus callosum forceps minor •ncl. caudatus •capsula interna Head MRI •corpus callosum forceps major • A •R •L •P CT of the neck – section through the body of C7 a. carotis int. v. jugularis int. trachea oesophagus thyroid gland a. vertebralis • A •R •L •P žebro •L left ventricle right atrium right ventricle CT of the thorax, section through discus intervertebralis between Th7 and Th8 lung plíce srdce sternum aorta left atrium • A •R •L •P CT of the abdomen • A •P •L •P liver body of the vertebra pancreas ribs IVC aorta a. lienalis a. hepatica comm. linea alba (section through the T12) stomach kidney CT of the male pelvis (section through the S5) urinary bladder rectum m. gluteus maximus a. femoralis m. vastus lat. os sacrum caput femoris vesicula seminalis tractus iliotibialis • A •R •L •P