DENTISTRY SPRING - ANATOMY II – ARTERIES/ Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine MU 1
ARTERIES
blood from the heart gets around
the body through blood vessels
There are 3 types of blood vessels
a. ARTERY
b. VEIN
c. CAPILLARY
The ARTERY
thick muscle and elastic
fibres
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
the elastic fibres allow the artery
to stretch under pressure
the thick muscle can contract
to push the blood along.
Collateral branches
Terminal branches
Tunica intima - endothel cells
Tunica media – smooth muscle, elastic and collagen fibres
Tunica externa - adventitia
The CAPILLARY
Capillaries link Arteries with Veins
the wall of a capillary
is only one cell thick
they exchange materials between
the blood and other body cells.
The exchange of materials between
the blood and the body can only occur
through capillaries.
A collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed.
artery
vein
body cell capillaries
The VEIN
Veins carry blood towards the heart.
thin muscle and elastic
fibres
veins have valves which act to
stop the blood from going in the
wrong direction.
body muscles surround the veins so that when
they contract to move the body, they also
squeeze the veins and push the blood along the
vessel.
Tunica intima - endothel
Tunica media – smooth muscle
(not in cranial sinuses)
Tunica externa - adventitia
Aorta ascendens: heart
Arcus aortae: head, neck, UL
Aorta descendens:
A. thoracica - thorax
A. abdominalis - abdomen
Aa. iliacae communes:
interna - pelvis
externa - LL
Aorta
Aorta ascendens
Bulbus aortae
Aa. coronariae
Ligamentum arteriosum
Dx
Tr. brachiocephalicus
a. carotis comm. dx
a. subclavia dx
Sin
A. carotis comm. sin
A. subclavia sin
Arcus aortaeHlava
Krk
Mozek
Krk
Hrudník
Břicho
HK
A. carotis int.
orbit, inner ear,
part of the brain
A. carotis ext.
Surface of the head,
nasal cavity, paranasal
sinuses, oral cavity,
cranial part of the neck
Horní okraj
cart. thyroid. v
trig. caroticum
A. carotis comm.
Trigonum caroticum
Tuberculum caroticum
C6
A. carotis ext. ventral
a. thyroidea sup.
a. lingualis
a. facialis
dorsal
a. occipitalis
a. auricularis post.
Med.
a. pharyngea asc.
Lat.
a.sternocleidomastoidea
terminal
a. maxillaris
a. temporalis spf.
A. thyroidea sup.
R. infrahyoideus
A. laryngea sup.
R. cricothyroideus
Rr. glandulares
A. lingualis
a. profunda linguae
r. suprahyoideus
a. sublingualis
rr. dorsales ling.
between m. genioglossus a hyoglossus → oral cavity
a. profunda ling.
a. sublingualis
R. tonsillaris
A. palatina asc.
Rr. glandulares
A. submentalis
A. labialis inf.
(circulus arteriosus oris)
A. labialis sup.
A. alaris nasi
A. angularis
A. facialis
A. occipitalis
A. auricularis post.
Rr. musculares
R. mastoideus
R. auricularis
Rr. occipitales
Rr. musculares
Rr. glandulares
R. auricularis
A. stylomastoidea
A. pharyngea
ascendens
rr. pharyngeales
a. tympanica inf.
a. meningea post.
A. temporalis spf.
Rr. auriculares ant.
Rr. parotidei
A. transversa faciei
A. zygomaticoorbitalis
A. temporalis media
R. frontalis
R. parietalis
A. maxillaris
Pars
 mandibularis
 pterygoidea
 pterygopalatina
Pars
mandibularis
A. meningea media
A. tympanica ant.
A. alveolaris inf.
rr. dentales
r. mylohyoideus
a. mentalis
Pars pterygoidea
A. masseterica
Aa. temporales prof.
Rr. pterygoidei
A. buccalis
Pars
pterygopalatina
A. palatina desc.
Aa. alv. sup. post.
A. infraorbitalis
aa. alv. sup. ant.
A. sphenopalatina
Aa. alv. sup. post.
A. infraorbitalis
aa. alv. sup. ant.
Artery supply of the upper jaw
A. palatina desc.
A. sphenopalatina
Artery supply of the palate and nasal cavity
Aa. palat. minores
A. palat. major
Carotid syphon
A. CAROTIS INTERNA:
- aa. hypophysiales
- a. ophthalmica
- a. cerebri ant.
- a. cerebri media
Sinus caroticus
Glomus caroticum
A. subclavia
Part of the brain
Neck (lower portion)
Thoracic wall (A,L)
Abdominal wall (A)
→ UL
Cupula pleurae
Fissura scalenorum
Pars intrascalenica
(medial)
Pars interscalenica
(posterior)
Pars extrascalenica
(lateral)
A. vertebralis
A. thoracica int.
Tr. thyrocervicalis
Tr. costocervicalis
(A. transversa colli)
A. vertebralis
Foramen magnum
Membr. atl-occip. post.
Sulcus a. vertebralis
For. transvers. C6-1
 rr. spinales
 rr. musculares
Extrakraniální větve
- a. cerebelli inf. post.
- a. basilaris
A. thoracica int.
Rr. mediastinales
A. pericardiacophrenica
Rr. intercost. ant. (6 IntCS)
A. musculophrenica (7-11 IntCS)
A. epigastrica sup.
Apertura thoracis sup.
Fissura sternocostalis
Tr. thyrocervicalis
A. thyroidea inf.
A. cervicalis asc.
A. cervicalis spf.
A. suprascapularis
(a. transversa coli –
or separate branch)
Tr. costocervicalis
A. cervicalis prof.
A. intercost. suprema
(1,2 intcs dorsaly)
A. suprascapularis
A. axillaris
shoulder
wall of the thorax
A. thoracica suprema
Rr. subscapulares
A. thoracoacromialis
A. thoracica lat.
A. subscapularis
a. circumfl. scap.
a. thoracodorsalis
Aa. circuflexae humeri
A. CIRCUMFLEXA SCAPULAE
– foramen omotricipitale (trilaterum): m. teres minor
m. teres major
caput longum m. tricipitis
A. CIRCUMFLEXA HUMERI POST.
- for. humerotricipitale
(quadrilaterum):
m. teres minor
m. teres major
caput longum m. tricipitis
humerus
Fossa infraspinata:
anastomosis
a. suprascapularis
+ a. circumflexa scapulae
A. brachialis
A. radialis
A. ulnaris
Arcus palmaris spf. et prof.
Rete carpi dorsale
UPPER LIMB
Paže
A. brachialis
a. prof. brachii
A. collateralis
ulnaris sup.,inf.
A. prof. brachii
A. collateralis
radialis
A. collateralis
media
Předloktí
A. radialis
A. ulnaris
a. interossea comm.
a. inteross. ant., post
Ve Dors
Ruka - hřbet
A. radialis et ulnaris
rete carpi dorsale
Aa. metacarpeae dorsales
> aa. digitales dorsales
Ruka - dlaň
Arcus palm. spf.
A. radialis A. ulnaris
r. palmaris spf. et prof.
Aa. digit. palm. comm. et
propriae
Arcus palm. prof.
Aorta thoracica
Th3 - Th11
Hiatus aorticus
Wall
aa. intercost. post.
aa. phrenicae sup.
Organs
bronchi
esophagus
pericard
Aorta abdominalis
Th11 - L4
wall
aa. phrenicae inf.
aa. lumbales
Paired organs
Noradrenal glands
kidneys, ureters
testicles / ovaries
unpaired
liver, gallbladder, stomach,
pancreas, spleen, intestine
paired organ branches
Aa. suprarenales
Aa. renales
Aa. testicul. / ovaricae
Unpaired organ branches
Truncus coeliacus
A. mesenterica sup.
A. mesenterica inf.
Truncus coeliacus
A. gastrica sin. - rr. oesophageales
A. lienalis
- rr. pancreatici
- a. gastroomentalis sin.
- aa. gastricae breves
- rr. splenici
A. hepatica comm.
- a. hepatica propria
- a. gastrica dx.
- r. dexter
- a. cystica
- r. sinister
- a. gastroduodenalis
- a. gastroomentalis dx.
- aa. pancreaticoduodenales
sup.
a. pancreaticoduod. sup. et inf.
A. mesenterica sup.
- a. pancreaticoduodenalis inf.
- aa. jejunales et ileales (10-18)
- a. ileocolica
- r. ilealis
- r. colicus
- r. appendicularis
- a. colica dx.
- a. colica media
A. mesenterica inf.
- a. colica sinistra
- aa. sigmoideae
- a. rectalis sup.
L4
A. sacralis mediana
Aa. iliacae communes
A. iliaca ext.
Lower part of anterior
abdominal wall
→ LL
A. iliaca int.
pelvis
A. iliaca ext.
A. epigastrica inf.
A. circumfl. ilium prof.
Lacuna vasorum
A. iliaca int.
Visceral branches
Urinary bladder
rectum
genitals
♂ prostate, dct. def.
♀ uterus, ovarian tube,vagina
a. umbilicalis
) to the placenta
A. iliolumbalis
A. sacralis lat.
A. obturatoria →
A. glutea sup. →
A. glutea inf. →
A. pudenda int. →
Stěny pánve …
Parietal branches
A. glutea sup.
A. glutea inf.
a. pudenda int.
A. pudenda int.
Rectum
External genitals
A. rectalis
superior
a. mesent. inf.
media
a. iliaca int.
inferior
a. pudenda int.
Konečník
Lower limb
A. femoralis
A. poplitea
A. tibialis ant.
A. tibialis post.
Aa. metatarseae dorsales
Arcus plantaris
Dors
Ve
A. femoralis
A. epigastr. spf.
A. circ. ilium spf.
Aa. pudendae ext.
A. prof. femoris
aa. circumfl.
aa. perforantes
Stehno
Ve
Dors
Koleno
A. poplitea
Aa. genus
Aa. surales
Bérec
posterior
a. fibularis
A. tibialis
anterior
Noha - hřbet
A. tibialis ant.
→ a. dorsalis pedis
a. tarseae med.
a. tarsea lat.
a. arcuata
aa. metatarseae dors.
aa. digitales dors.
Noha - chodidlo
A. plantaris med.
A. plantaris lat.
> arcus plantaris
aa. metatarseae plant.
aa. digitales plant.
Angiografie
Illustrations were copied from:
Atlas der Anatomie des Menschen/Sobotta.
Putz,R., und Pabst,R. 20. Auflage. München:
Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1993)
Netter: Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy.
Windows Version 2.0
Čihák R: Anatomie 2 (Splanchnologia). Avicenum,
zdravotnické nakladatelství, Praha, 1988.